MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology

COLLEGE OF NURSING
Level II AACUP Accredited

Topic: Bacterial Meningitis and its Prevention

Description/ Overview:
Materials/ Equipment:
 Visual aid
General Objective:
 After 10 minutes of health teaching, the patient will be able to define bacterial meningitis, its symptoms, and preventions.

Objectives Learning Content Teaching Strategy Time Evaluation and

Allotment Assessment Tool
(in minutes)
Patient/ Significant other will be able to:

COGNITIVE: Definition of Meningitis

1. Describe meningitis particularly
bacterial meningitis.
“Meningitis” means inflammation of the Discussion with 1 minute Question and
visual aid Answer
meninges. The meninges are tissues that
cover the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis
may happen for many reasons. The most
common causes of meningitis are infections
with bacteria and viruses. Bacterial
meningitis can be quite severe and may Discussion with
result in brain damage, hearing loss, visual aid (leaflet)
learning disability, or death. The disease
can also cause permanent disabilities such
as hearing loss, brain damage, seizures or
amputation. 

2. Trace the route of transmission of the Question and

diesease Transmission 1 minute Answer
Bacterial meningitis is transmitted through
air droplets and direct contact with anyone
 already infected with the disease. The
infection is spread through close contact
with oral secretions, such as shared drinks, Discussion with
utensils and cigarettes, through coughing, visual aid (leaflet)
or through intimate contact such as kissing. 
3. Enumerate the symptoms of the 1 minute Question and
Symptoms and when to seek Medical Care
disease and know when to seek medical Answer
care. Early symptoms of meningitis may include:
 High fever
 Rash
 Vomiting
 Severe headache
 Neck stiffness
 Lethargy
 Nausea
 Sensitivity to light
Because the infection progresses rapidly,
you should seek immediate medical care if
2 or more of these symptoms occur at the
same time.
4. Recognize the treatment for bacterial Discussion 1 minute Question and
Treatment
meningitis. Answer
Bacterial meningitis can be treated with a
number of effective antibiotics. It is
important, however, that treatment be
started early in the course of the disease.
Appropriate antibiotic treatment should
reduce the risk of fatal meningitis to below
15%
AFFECTIVE:
5. Realize the severity of the possibility
of transmission of the disease. Is it Contagious? Discussion 1 minute Question and
Yes, some forms of bacterial meningitis are Answer
contagious. The bacteria are spread
through the exchange of respiratory and
throat secretions (i.e., coughing, kissing).

6. Choose and select the appropriate
kind of vaccination for the prevention of
Meningitis.
PSYCHOMOTOR:
5. Demonstrate practices to avoid the
spread of the disease.
People in the same residential unit, day
care center, or anyone with direct contact
with an infected person's oral secretions
would be considered to be at increased risk
of acquiring the infection. People who
qualify as close contacts of a person with
meningitis should receive antibiotics to
prevent them from getting the disease.
Fortunately, none of the bacteria that cause
meningitis are as contagious as things like
the common cold or the flu.
1 minute Question and
Prevention: Vaccines Discussion with Answer
visual aid
Vaccines are the most effective way to
protect against certain types of bacterial
meningitis. There are vaccines for 3
types of bacteria that can cause
meningitis:
 Meningococcal vaccines help
protect against N. meningitidis
 Pneumococcal vaccines help
protect against S. pneumoniae
 Hib vaccines help protect against
Hib
Prevention: Avoid the Spread of Disease Reporting with Return
You cannot get meningitis from casual Visual Aid 2 minutes Demonstration
contact, such as by breathing the air that an
infected person has breathed. These
bacteria do not live long outside the human
body. But you can get it from close or
prolonged contact with an infected person.
The bacteria that cause meningococcal
meningitis live in the back of the nose and

6. Create a healthier ways to enhance
the immune system for the prevention of
Meningitis.
throat and are carried by 10% to 25% of the
population.
Good personal hygiene can help prevent
the spread of disease:
 Don't share food, glasses, water
bottles, or eating utensils.
 Don't share tissues or towels.
 Don't share lip gloss or lipstick.
 Wash hands often with soap and
water.
Remember: A person with bacterial
meningitis can remain contagious for about
24 hours after starting antibiotics. If a
person with meningitis has exposed your
teen to the disease, ask the doctor whether
it is necessary to take antibiotics. Doing this
for a few days may help prevent your teen
from getting the disease.
Meningitis Prevention: Enhance the Reporting with
Visual Aid
Immune System
Keeping the immune system healthy helps
prevent susceptibility to a wide range of
diseases. It may also help prevent infection
by the viruses and bacteria that cause
meningitis. This is just one more reason
your teen may benefit from:
 Eating a well-balanced diet, rich in Question and
vegetables and fruits Answer
 Getting enough sleep
 Exercising regularly
 Avoiding cigarettes, drugs, and
alcohol
References:
https://www.webmd.com/children/vaccines/prevent-meningitis-tips-protect-your-teen
https://www.sfcdcp.org/infectious-diseases-a-to-z/meningococcal-disease/
https://www.brown.edu/campus-life/health/services/promotion/general-health-physical-health/meningitis
https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/bacterial.html