INTERNSHIP REPORT ON

GODEY TOWN WATER SUPPLY

BY
MOHAMED ALI ID NO: RAMIT/2260/09

Batch: G4 HWRE SEC: D

Submitted to the

DEPARTMENT OF HYDRAULIC AND WATER RESOURCE ENGINEERING

ARBA MINCH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

ARBA MINCH UNIVERSITY

2nd semester, internship duration (11 March-28 June, 2020)

Phone: +251944161884
Email:-Mcali2905@gmail.com
16 June 2020
Arba Minch, Ethiopia
 ADVISOR APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the internship report entitled ‘Godey town water supply project’ is
prepared by Mohamed Ali under my guidance based on the regular reports that he/she/they
had submitted. I recommend this report to be submitted to the faculty of Hydraulic and Water
resource engineering for evaluation.
Advisor’s name…………………………… sign…………………. date………………………
 EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL PAGE
We, the undersigned examiners of this internship report entitled “Godey town water supply
and sanitation project” have evaluated and approved the corrected version of the final report
as per the guideline of Arba Minch Water Technology Institute.
1. Examiner Name……………………………… Sign………………. Date…………….

2. Examiner Name………………….…………… Sign………………. Date…………….

3. Faculty IE Facilitator ………………………… Sign……………… Date………………

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All prizes, glory and honour are to almighty God (ALLAH) who enabled me to complete my
internship duration in a safe and successful manner without any complications. I would like to
give my deepest gratitude to Arba Minch University Hydraulic and water resource Engineering
Department for creating an opportunity to pursue a practical experience through four-month
internship program. I also greatly thank to the university supervisor who was assigned to give
us the necessary guidance and sometimes should see if the intern is performing his duties. And
I want great fully thanks to Ethiopian Somali Regional State Water resource development

bureau for hosting me as intern. And also I would like to thank the site engineer Mr
Abdulkadir for his unforgettable welcoming, support and advice during the internship time.
Also I would like to thanks my friends, who worked together as an intern for sharing prudent
ideas. The last but not the least I would like to express my great full thanks and gratitude to
my family, who supports me in many things from start to end.

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 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This is the internship report which I prepared to elaborate my stay in “Godey town water supply
and sanitation project”. This report assesses the construction of water work activities
undertaken in “Godey town water supply and sanitation project”. Gorey, ananle, dullahabab,
hoden, jannogaban, gamba-ase, melkada-as which are collectively known as Gorey multi
village water supply project are rural villages found in Fafen Administrative Zone of the
Somali National Regional State which have series water problem. It is common to see people
fetching water from small pond, river and rain water harvesting which is totally unsafe for
drinking. Generally, this internship report contains five main portions/chapters which discuses
about the whole internship period. part one of this report deals about introduction part which
includes the background of my internship hosting company, mission, vision, objectives,
organization work flow and Success Stories of bureau, and also background of the project area.
Part two of this report describes about materials and methodologies used during site work and
feasibility studies, population forecasting, water demand analysis. Part three of this report
describes the design part which includes construction of two 500m3 Ground RC service
reservoirs at Gorey and Annale villages, one elevated service reservoir at Gorey village, three
Guard houses, one Pump houses, two Generator house, one quarter service house, 19 cattle
troughs and 23 water points and their construction process. Part four of this report describes
about assessment of the internship includes verall benefits i gained from internship,
improvement of practical skill, upgrading theoretical knowledge, leadership skill, and work
ethics. And the last part of this report deals with the conclusion and recommendation I made
for the project.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................................... i

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... ii

ABBREVATIONS ................................................................................................................. viii

1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1

1.1 General Introduction About the Internship ................................................................ 1

1.2 General Background ................................................................................................... 1

1.2.1 Back Ground of the Internship Hosting Company ............................................. 1

1.2.2 Background of The Project ................................................................................. 5

1.3 Rationale of The Internship ........................................................................................ 9

1.3.1 Importance and Requirements of the Internship ................................................. 9

1.4 Major Activities Conducted During the Internship .................................................... 9

2 MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY ........................................................................... 10

2.1 Materials Used.......................................................................................................... 10

2.1.1 Construction Materials ...................................................................................... 10

2.1.2 Equipment’s Used On the Site .......................................................................... 11

2.2 Methodology Used ................................................................................................... 11

2.2.1 Procedures to Construct Reservoir.................................................................... 11

2.2.2 Procedure for Hard-Core................................................................................... 11

2.2.3 Procedure for Wall ............................................................................................ 11

2.2.4 Procedure for Base Slab .................................................................................... 12

2.2.5 Procedures to Construct Water Point ................................................................ 12

2.2.6 Procedures to Construct Cattle Trough ............................................................. 12

2.3 Design Period ........................................................................................................... 13

2.4 Population Projection ............................................................................................... 13

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2.1 Projected Water Demand ......................................................................................... 14

2.1.1 Domestic Water Demand .................................................................................. 14

2.1.2 Non-Domestic Water Demand ...........................Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.1.3 Livestock Water Demand ..................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

3 TECHNICAL ASPECT OF INTERNSHIP .....................Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1 General Description...................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2 Source of Water .........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3 Site Work Description ...............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3.1 RC Service Reservoir .........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3.2 Water Stop .........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3.3 Public Fountains (Water Points) ........................Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3.4 Cattle Trough .....................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3.5 Generator House ................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3.6 Guard House ......................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3.7 Service Quarter and Pump House ......................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4 ASSSESSMENT OF INTERNSHIP ................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1 Overall Benefits I Gained from Internship ................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1.1 Improvement of Practical Skill ..........................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1.2 Upgrading Theoretical Knowledge ....................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1.3 Improvement of Interpersonal Communication SkillsError! Bookmark not

defined.

4.1.4 Team Playing Skills ...........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1.5 Leadership Skill .................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1.6 Work Ethics .......................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.2 Challenges Faced During Internship .........................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.3 Measures Taken to Overcome Challenges ................Error! Bookmark not defined.

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5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ...............Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.1 Conclusion.................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2 Recommendation .......................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

REFERENCES ........................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

APPENDICES .........................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Organizational structure of Somali Water Resources Development Bureau.

(E.S.R.S.W.R.DB, 2010) .......................................................................................................... 5
Figure 1.2 Location map and the layout of the project. (A.Bile, 2018) .................................... 7
Figure 1.3Hydro-Geological Formation Map of Ethiopian Somali Regional State ................. 8
Figure 3.1Bottom slab reinforcement of reservoir ...................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.2 Reservoir wall construction ....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.3 Roof slab of reservoir .............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.4 Column of reservoir construction ...........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.5 Gorey elevated water tank under construction .......Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.6 water stop plastic ....................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.7 Under construction water point & partially completed water point ............... Error!
Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.8 under construction cattle troughs............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.9 Generator house ......................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.10 Guard house ..........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.11 service quarter & pump house ..............................Error! Bookmark not defined.

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1Agro-ecological and Climatic Zones of Ethiopia. (A.Bile, 2018) ............................. 7

Table 2.1 Projected population of project area ....................................................................... 14
Table 2.2 Per capita Water Demands (A.Bile, 2018) ............................................................. 15
Table 2.3 Water demand for livestock (A.Bile, 2018) .............Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 3.1Data of Drilled borehole (A.Bile, 2018) ..................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 3.2 Summaries of Water Points .....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 3.3 Summaries of Cattle trough .....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

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 ABBREVATIONS
SRSWRDB Somali Regional State Water Resource Development Bureau
a.m.s.l above mean sea level
CSA Central Statistical Agency

L/S litter per second

M3 Cubic Meter

DCI Ductile Cast Iron

HRD Human Resource Development

OPC Ordinary Portland cement

Pt Projected Population at time t

PPC Pozzoloni Portland cement

PVC Polyvinyl Chloride

PTU Public Tap User

YTU Yard Tap User

GPS Global positioning system

SW South-west

G.E.W.T Gorey Elevated Water Tank

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 godey town water supply

1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 General Introduction about the Internship
An internship is a period of work experience offered by organization for limited period of time
to the college students to gain relevant skills and experience in a practical field. Internships
provide college students an ability to participate in a field of their choice to receive hands on
learning about particular future career, preparing them for full-time work following graduation.

An internship program plays an important role to check and apply theoretical knowledge with
respect to the practical experience on how projects are planned, designed and formulated in the
proper manner. The internship program aims to provide the students an opportunity to
consolidate their theoretical foundation through practical experience. A major component of
this experience is the formation of a professional attitude. The students are expected to develop
their personality and capacity to adapt to, and handle challenging situations in the real practical
work. Through the internship program, the student can be able to acquire transferable skills
such as communication skills, interpersonal skills, technical skills, teamwork skills,
management skills and problem-solving skills. (Ohio State Universitry, 2013)

1.2 General Background

Provision of clean water supply is one of the major factors that greatly contribute to the
socioeconomic transformation of a country by improving the health thereby increasing the
productivity of the society. In order to ensure the provision of water sufficiently and
qualitatively, it becomes imperative in a modern society, to plan and build suitable water
supply schemes, which will provide safe drinking water to the various sections of the
community in accordance with their demands and/or requirements.

Clean, safe and adequate water supply is one of the least developed sectors in Ethiopian Somali
Regional State. However, SRSWRDB tries to fulfil all water scarcity related problems.

The bureau implements many different projects of water supplies and irrigations to solve water
related problems and increase productivities of state. (A.Bile, 2018)

1.2.1 Back Ground of the Internship Hosting Company

Ethiopian Somali Regional State Water resource development bureau is regional
administration governmental bureau. The bureau engages in water resource development

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construction and all water construction related expertise works, they carry out the professional
duty of construction there by supplementing Somali regional administrational government
realize development action plan in the field of water resource development.

The bureau is public institution that performs the professional task of implementing Somali
regional government’s development endeavours in water resources utilizations, besides readily
hiring out our construction expertise to all. (E.S.R.S.W.R.DB, 2010)

Vision: - To eradicate the problems of water scarcity in the Somali regional state.
Mission: - to manage the water resources of Somali region in collaboration with other agencies
and stakeholders, to benefit the state’s people, and to protect, restore and enhance the natural
and human environments. And also to carry out all professional water construction works,
roads construction, and to provide different construction related materials and services. These
services are to be delivered within the agreed time frame and in the best approach to ensure
max.
Mandate: - The mandates of Somali Regional State Water Resources Development Bureau are
to ensure the laws, regulations and directives issued in relation to projection, conservation and
utilization of water resources are respected in the region.

1.2.1.1 Success Stories of Somali Regional Water Resource Development Bureau

Ethiopian Somali Regional State Water Resource Development bureau has successfully
completed a lot of projects for different places in the Somali region. The following are the
completed projects: -

 Fiq water supply project.

 West Godey irrigation project.
 Meta water supply project.
 Biyo bahay irrigation project.
 Marsin drilling project.
 Harshin water supply project.
1.2.1.2 Grouping of Management Functions in Main Clusters
The main functions of the company can be grouped in general into two main clusters: -

a. Providing Operational Services

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The operational services are products of the bureau, which are sold to the client/customers.
They include all water related and other works such as:

 Water well drilling and construction

 Water supply and construction
 Irrigation and drainage
The operational services (water well drilling, water supply construction, irrigation and
drainage) are the actual sources of financial income of the company. (E.S.R.S.W.R.DB, 2010)

b. Providing Supporting Services

Supporting services are internal and are vital for fulfilling the objectives of the company.
Services intended to be delivered to external clients like water well drilling, water supply
construction and irrigation and drainage works can only be carried out when there are efficient
internal services with necessary personnel, finance and other facilities. Planning & Business
Development, HRD, Financial Resources management and property management are made to
be accountable to a director for Supporting process owner.

For the supporting sub process in order to make the bureau more efficient & effective
organization it’s appropriate to group and cluster works under their relevant category thus it
has been organized in line with the following theme: -

 Human resource management.

 Finance management.
 Procurement & property administration.
1.2.1.3 Objective of the Company
 Under take leading role in developmental activities, especially in water work
construction projects.
 To set the standard and cost of construction of water work projects is economical and
quality worth.
1.2.1.4 Primary Objective of the Company
The bureau is to produce water which is safe and appealing for human consumption and
improving the living condition of the habitat or people living in that area by raising to a higher
standard or rank the water supply and sanitation infrastructure, thus water collected from best

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available source will be subjected pass through various physical, chemical and unit operations.
This will ensure the production of water of good physical, chemical and biological quality and
free from unpleasant taste and odor and containing nothing which might be harmful to human
health. Generally, the objectives of the bureau are: -

 To ensure continuity of the water supply for consumers

 To raise public awareness of the effective use of water resource
 With reliable information, carry out standardizes study, design and supervision
activities of drinking water so as to make the regional people beneficiary of potable
 To supply clean and safe water for drinking
 To reduce burden on a woman in collecting water which involves travelling long
distance
 To bring an improvement in public health status and sanitation conditions, time and
energy savings, particularly for women and children. (E.S.R.S.W.R.DB, 2010).

1.2.1.5 Organizational Structure of Somali Water Resources Development Bureau

All employers of the company have their own working section according to their professional
field of study, so the overall organization and work flow of the company is:

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Management Board

General Manager

Audit &
Inspection Public Relation

Legal Advisor

Deputy Manager

Contract WS Cons Irrigation Operation& Drilling &

Admin & Finance &
admin & Core work core Maintenance Drainage
Property Procurement
Planning process process sub-process Core
mgmt. Administrati
process process
support on support
process

Personnel General Report

Finance Procuremen
Service case Case Case t Case

Figure 1.1 Organizational structure of Somali Water Resources Development Bureau. (E.S.R.S.W.R.DB, 2010)

1.2.2 Background of the Project

1.2.2.1 General
To ensure the availability of sufficient quantities of good quality water, it becomes imperative
in a society, to plan and build suitable water supply schemes, which will provide potable water

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to the various sections of the community in accordance to their demands. (E. Harry & Hickey,
2008)

The Client, Ethiopian Somali Regional State Water resource development bureau, and the
Somali water work construction enterprise have signed an agreement to carry out feasibility
study and detail design of Godey town Water Supply Project, which is located in Shabele
Administrative Zone of the Ethiopian Somali Region.

This report presents:

 Set population projection and water demand in view of the current and future
development condition of the Godey town
 Description and evaluation of the proposed Source
 Detail designs of the proposed water supply scheme components such as pumping
stations, rising and gravity mains, and all other related structures to supply safe and
potable water to consumers from the proposed reservoir.
 Preparation of all bill of quantities, specifications and tender document.

1.2.2.2 Location of Site

Godey town is located in the Godey woreda, Godey zone of the Somali national regional
state with an area of around 1600 ha and geographical coordinates UTM 339000 North and
658000 East. The general elevation of the Godey town ranges with 270 and 245 masl,
sloping from north to south towards the wabi shabele river.

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Figure 1.2 Location map and the layout of the project. (A.Bile, 2018)

1.2.2.3 Climate Conditions

Altitude plays a major role on agro-ecological and climatic classification and zoning of
Ethiopia in general and altitude is the major factor that dominates the climatic classification of
the country. According to Daniel Gamatchu (1977) based on the various altitudes of the
country, the country is divided into five different agro-ecological and climatic zones. The
different zones according to their specific altitudes are detailed in the below table.

Table 1.1Agro-ecological and Climatic Zones of Ethiopia. (A.Bile, 2018)

Mean annual temperature Temperature Regions Altitudes of the

regions
10°c and below Kur Alpine 3300 and above
10°c-15°c Dega Temperate 2300-3300 m.a.s.l
15°c-20°c Weinadega Subtropical 1500-2300 m.a.s.l
Above 30°c Qolla Tropical 800-1500 m.a.s.l
Above 40°c Bereha Deseret Less than 800 m.a.s.l
Therefore, Godey town is situated in hot zone of Ethiopia. The temperature of Godey town and
the surrounding areas ranges from 28.20c (min) to 38.40c (max) with the average value being
33.30c. The average annual rainfall of the town is estimated and recorded to be 332.3mm per
annum.

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1.2.2.4 Geology and Hydrogeology

The main litho-logical units that outcrop in Somali Region from the bottom to top in the
stratigraphic column are Basement Complex, Gorey multi village Formation, Main Gypsum
Formation and Quaternary deposits. The geological history of the region can be followed from
the Precambrian Era which is represented metamorphic and igneous rocks of the basement
system. The regional metamorphism was followed by various cycles of regression and
transgression, and localized volcanism. (A.Bile, 2018)

Figure 1.3Hydro-Geological Formation Map of Ethiopian Somali Regional State

1.2.2.5 Objective of The Project

General Objectives
The general objective of the service is to study and design water supply trough implement of
Somali Region State water resource development bureau “increased access to improved water
supply and sanitation services for residents in participating towns and communities.

Specific Objectives
 To improve water supply and sanitation services in Godey town.
 To improve the capacity of the utility to plan and manage these services in sustainable
manner.
 Preparation of detail design document of water supply system and sanitation facilities

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1.3 Rationale of The Internship

1.3.1 Importance and Requirements of the Internship
Internships are a great way to apply the knowledge from the classroom to real-world
experience. Learning is one thing, but taking those skills into the workforce and applying them
is a great way to explore different career paths and specializations that suit individual interests.
 Gain experience and increase marketability: - Having an internship gives you
experience in the career field you want to pursue. Not only does this give
individuals an edge over other candidates when applying for jobs, it also prepares
them for what to expect in their field and increases confidence in their work.
 Professionalism: - Internships can provide students with the soft skills needed in
the workplace and in leadership positions. people rated soft skills as being more
important than technical skills. Skills, such as communication, leadership, problem-
solving, and teamwork can all be learned through an internship and utilized beyond
that experience
 Gain valuable work experience: -The hands-on work experience interns receive is
invaluable and cannot be obtained in a classroom setting, making this one of the
most important benefits of internships. Interns have the opportunity to apply
acquired knowledge to real work experiences, witnessing first-hand the day-to-day
job duties they can expect to encounter in their chosen field. In addition to learning
the specialized skills of a particular field, transferable skills such as communication,
teamwork, and computer proficiency are also obtained in an internship, fully
preparing interns to enter the workforce upon graduation. (Ohio State Universitry,
2013)

1.4 Major Activities Conducted During the Internship

 Sit visit
 Develop communication skill
 Reservoir construction
 Elevated water tank construction
 water points construction
 Cattle trough construction.
 Intake structure

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 Water treatment work

Pre-sedimentation tank,
Plain sedimentation tank,
Rapid mixer system,
Fluctuation system

2 MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY

2.1 Materials Used
2.1.1 Construction Materials
As this section of the report obligates to describe the overall materials have used at the site for
construction purpose, here there are the list of the construction materials used in the site: -
 sand
 aggregate
 cement
 Reinforcement bars
 Concrete (cement, sand, and aggregate)
 Formwork
 Pipes
 Water stop
 Wire
Cement: the type of used was Portland cement
Reinforcement Bars: - Bars used for different structures with different diameters (sizes)
I. For Reservoirs
Floor slab: 12mm Diameter.
Wall: 12mm Diameter.
Foundation ; 26mm diameter
Roof: 10mm Diameter.
II. For water points and cattle troughs 10mm Diameter.
Concrete: - C30, C25, C15 was used for the constructions of the civil works with mix ratio of
1:2:3, 1:2:4 and 1:3:6 respectively.
Formwork: -wood form-work, steel panels and phrasal were used as form-work.

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2.1.2 Equipment’s used on the Site

Excavator: - Are used to dig the holes, pipe trench excavation, excavate borrows materials,
and to load dump trucks etc.
Dump truck: - Used to carry extra soil that is cut away from the work site, carries the material
from borrow pit, Carries construction materials like sand, wood, rocks etc.
Loader: Used to load materials to dump truck. Can remove unnecessary materials from the site
in small scale, and also can carry pipes from production to construction site.
Mechanical Vibrator: Is used to consolidate concrete when we cast.
Mechanical compacter: Is used to compact the soil and the hard core for leveling.
Concrete Mixer: Is the machine used to mix cement, sand, aggregate and water.
2.2 Methodology Used
2.2.1 Procedures to Construct Reservoir
 Site clearance
 Excavation
 Compaction
 Hardcore placing
 Lean concrete
 Placing of reinforcement bars
 Formwork fixing
 Concrete placing
 Curing of concrete
2.2.2 Procedure for Hard-Core
 Clear the inside area
 Backfill selected materials and level it using compactor
 Place the stones on the area of hard-core after reshaping it by stone hammer
 Put the small and crashed stone between the bigger stones in order to save concrete that
fills the gap between them
 Tie mesh bars
 Vibration proceed.
2.2.3 Procedure for Wall
 Preparing and erecting form work

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 Checking alignment of form work

 Cutting and bending of reinforcement bars
 Placing of reinforcement
 Casting of concrete (C-25)
 During casting of concrete they use vibrator to remove void space
2.2.4 Procedure for Base Slab
 Make support of slab formwork known as props with level of design
 Make slab formwork
 Place the reinforcement, tie the bars and spacers
 Check the overall structure and reinforcement bar arrangement in formwork of the slab
by the site engineer
 Concrete cast and make vibrating
 After it finishes its curing time dismantle the formwork and props.
2.2.5 Procedures to Construct Water Point
 Site clearance
 Cutting fill (small excavation).
 Central pipe installation.
 Hardcore placing.
 Lean concrete.
 Bar reinforcement.
 Concrete placing.
 Masonry wall building.
2.2.6 Procedures to Construct Cattle Trough
 Site clearance.
 Cutting fill (small excavation).
 Hardcore placing.
 Lean concrete.
 Bar installation.
 Building of walls.
 Screening.
 installation of inlet and drainage pipe

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2.3 Design Period

Design Period: - is the number of years for which the design of the water works
Have been done. (Prakash, 2001)
Generally, the design period of water supply system is determined by considering the following
facts: -
 Funds available for the construction of the project
 Useful Life span of materials that are used in the water supply system
 Rate of interest on the loans taken to complete the project
 Operation & maintenance cost
 Anticipated expansion of the population
Since the Project area are town and based on the above-mentioned facts, 20 years’ design
period is considered. (A.Bile, 2018)
2.4 Population Projection
Water supply scheme includes huge and costly structures which cannot be replaced or
increased in their capacity easily and conveniently, hence all scenarios affecting the water
supply system should be thoroughly accessed before the system is designed. Population
projection is one of the scenarios which have great impact on the estimation of the water
demand of a particular project, hence the planning of any water supply system should be based
on the forecast of the population, growth rate and distribution. After the design period has been
fixed, the population of the study area in various periods has to be determined based on CSA’s
population growth rates.
In view of this, the current population figure of Godey town is collected from various sources
such as Municipal records, Kebele Records and Health Office Records. From Central
Statistical Agency (CSA) there is no Godey town population, population projection for all
Regions in Ethiopia at Wereda Level, the present population of Godey town is about 69,014 in
2018 General calendar.
For such developing town and village, population geometric progress method is adopted as if
it is the commonly used method to forecast the population at the end of n years.
Pn= Po (1 +r) n
Where: Pn= population at the target year
Po = present population

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r = Annual growth rate in%

n = design period, in year

Table 2.1 Projected population of project area

Projected population of project

Description Unit years
2018 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040

Base population , 43,134

CSA 2007
Growth rate % 4.1% 3.8% 3.6% 3.6% 3.2% 3.1%
(CSA)
Projected No    107,911 126,635 147,497
population Town

2.1 Projected Water Demand

Design of water systems requires estimation of expected water demands applicable to size the
pumping equipment, transmission and distribution pipe lines and storage facilities. Estimating
water demands for a particular town depends on the size of the population to be served, their
standard of living and activities, the cost of water supplied, the availability of wastewater
service and the purpose of demand. It varies according to the requirement of the domestic
population, institutional, industrial and social establishments, etc. In addition to these, demand
allowances need to be included for leakage, wastage, and operational requirements such as
flushing of mains.

2.1.1 Domestic Water Demand

Domestic water demand is the amount of water needed for drinking, food preparation, washing,
cleaning, bathing and other miscellaneous domestic purposes. The amount of water used for
domestic purposes greatly depends on the lifestyle, living standard, and climate, mode of
service and affordability of the users. Hence, using the three modes of services namely: - Yard
Connection, House Connection, and Public Tap and the respective per capita water
consumption as described on the design criteria and stated below.

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Prepared by: Mohamed ali abdullahi G4HWRE
 godey town water supply

Table 2.2 Per capita Water Demands (A.Bile, 2018)

Descriptions unit 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040

Per capita demand

HC l/c/d 70.0 72.0 74.5 76.8 80

YC l/c/d 30 32.3 34.5 36.8 40

PT l/c/d 20 21.6 22.6 23.7 25

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Prepared by: Mohamed ali abdullahi G4HWRE