APPENDIX E

E.1 Control System for Flash F-10 Appendix E-2

E.2 Control System for Flash F-12 Appendix E-3
E.3 Control System for Exchanger X-8 Appendix E-4
E.4 Control System for Exchanger X-16 Appendix E-5
E.5 Control System for Expander E-9 Appendix E-6
E.1 Control System for Flash F-10

Objectives: To perform the phase separation of liquid and vapour.

Control System:
1. To maintain flash drum pressure at desired flashing pressure.
2. To maintain the liquid level in the flash drum.

V18
XS19
XS17

PIC
14

S12 F-10
LI C
15

XS18
S14
V19

Prepared by: Rohaiza bt. Ab. Rahim

Control Measured Manipulated Type of

Disturbances Set Point
Variable Variable Variable Controller
Operating Pressure in Controlling the Variation in the Inferential P = 59.97 atm (If
pressure flash drum. opening of the feed stream pressure exist
within the relief valve to composition. 10% of set point,
flash reduce the pressure pressure alarm
(PIC-14). build-up within the high/low will be
flash. activated)

Operating Liquid level Controlling the Variation in the Inferential T = -41.86 °C

Appendix E-2
liquid level in flash flow rate of stream feed stream (If the
within the drum. XS18. composition. temperature
flash exist 10% of set
(LIC-15). point, temperature
alarm high/low
will be activated)

E.2 Control System for Flash F-12

Objectives: To perform the phase separation of liquid and vapour.

Control System:
1. To maintain flash drum pressure at desired flashing pressure.
2. To maintain the liquid level in the flash drum.

V22
S16
XS21
To waste
treatment

PIC
17

F-12 S15
LI C
18

XS22
S17
V23

Prepared by: Rohaiza bt. Ab. Rahim

Control Measured Manipulated Disturbances Type of Set Point

Appendix E-3
 Variable Variable Variable Controller
Operating Pressure in Controlling the Variation in the Inferential P = 59.94 atm (If
pressure flash drum. opening of the feed stream pressure exist
within the relief valve to composition. 10% of set point,
flash reduce the pressure pressure alarm
(PIC-17). build-up within the high/low will be
flash. activated)

Operating Liquid level Controlling the Variation in the Inferential T = -23.29 °C

liquid level in flash flow rate of stream feed stream (If the
within the drum. XS22. composition. temperature
flash exist 10% of set
(LIC-18). point, temperature
alarm high/low
will be activated)

E.3 Control System for Exchanger X-8

Objectives: To control the output stream temperature.

Control System:
1. To maintain Stream S11 at desired value.
Control strategies
A thermocouple is installed to measure the outlet temperature of the Stream S11. If the
desired value is not achieved, then the deviation value is sent to the controller mechanism. In
a case of measured value higher than set point, the controller will automatically open the
valve to increase the flow rate of Stream Xs25 (Methane, coolant) in order to cool down the
temperature of the Stream S11 to the desired value and vice-versa for higher value measured.

Appendix E-4
 S9

-27.50 oC
V16 Methane out
Methane in X-8
Xs24 Xs25 Xs26

TI C
12

S11
Prepared by: Pang Zhen Tao

Control Measured Manipulated Type of

Disturbances Set Point
Variable Variable Variable Controller
Temperature Temperature Controlling the Variation in the feedback T = -27.50 °C (If
of Stream of Stream flow rate of Stream Stream S26 the temperature
S11 S11 Xs25 to reduce the temperature. exist 10% of set
(TIC-12). temperature of point, temperature
Stream S11 alarm high/low
will be activated)

E.4 Control System for Exchanger X-16

Control System:
1. To maintain Stream S20 and Stream XS12 temperature at desired value.
Control strategies
A thermocouple is installed to measure the outlet temperature of the Stream S20. If the
desired value is not achieved, then the deviation value is sent to the controller mechanism. In
a case of measured value lower than set point, the controller will automatically open the valve
to increase the flow rate of Stream XS11 in order to bring up the temperature of the Stream
S20 to the desired value and vice-versa for higher value measured.

Appendix E-5
 S22

Tube = -15.00 oC
XS11
Shell = 94.63 oC Xs19

S17 S20 To
X-16
Storage tank

XS12
Xs20 V12

TI C
08
S23
Prepared by: Pang Zhen Tao

Control Measured Manipulated Type of

Disturbances Set Point
Variable Variable Variable Controller
Temperature Temperature Controlling the Variation in the feedback T = -15.00 °C (If
of Stream of Stream flow rate of Stream Stream S17 and the temperature
S20 and S20 and XS11 to XS11 exist 10% of set
Stream Stream reduce/increase the temperature. point, temperature
XS12 XS12 temperature of alarm high/low
(TIC-08). Stream S21 and will be activated)
Stream XS8.

E.5 Control System for Expander E-9

Objectives: To control the output pressure of the stream.

Control System:
1. To control Stream XS16 pressure at desired value.
Control strategies
The discharge of the expander is controlled with a flow control system (flow loop). To
prevent the discharge pressure from exceeding an upper limit, an override control with a high
switch selector (HSS) is installed. It transfers control action from flow control to the pressure
control loop (pressure loop) whenever the discharge pressure exceeds an upper limit. If the
pressure in Stream XS16 is lower than the set point, expander will receipt the signal and the

Appendix E-6
motor speed will be regulated to get it to the set point. The manipulated variable is the speed
of the expander.

S11 S12

Xs27 V17 Xs28

XS15

PIC
13

E-9
60 atm XS16

Prepared by: Mohd. Ariff Husni b. Hussain

Control Measured Manipulated Type of

Disturbances Set Point
Variable Variable Variable Controller
Outlet Pressure of speed of the Variation in the feedback P = 60 atm (If the
pressure of Stream expander. Stream XS15 pressure
expander E- XS16 flow rate. exist 10% of set
9 in Stream point, pressure
XS16 alarm high/low
(PIC-13). will be activated)

Appendix E-7