DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS

(1500 KVA AND BELOW)

SECTION 26 22 13

Eaton Guide Specification

Notes and instructions to specwriter

The following guide specification is offered for your assistance in specifying this product as part of a CSI (Construction
Specification Institute) compliant document.
This guide specification has been created in MS Word and uses Word features including Styles and Review to assist in
editing and formatting. You may also find it helpful to view the document in Outline mode when editing or selecting
sections to copy/paste into your base document.

Styles
Styles are provided for all paragraph types described in the CSI Masterformat. Applying a Style to text will provide the
correct indentation, paragraph letter/number, font, capitalization, etc…. Styles are shown on the right-hand side of the
Word “Home” ribbon.

Review
“Notes to Specwriter” (when available) are provided using the Reviews feature in Word. To view “Notes to Specwriter”
select “All Markup” in the Tracking dropdown menu on the Review ribbon. To hide notes, select “No Markup”. You can
advance from one note to the next using the Previous and Next buttons on the same ribbon. In earlier versions of
MSWord hide notes by un-checking ‘Comments’ under Review>SH

Outline view
The Outline view within Word is often helpful when editing or copying sections from this Guide Specification. Also, when
pasting sections from this document into a base document the specwriter may want to consider using right-click and
“Merge Formatting’ or ‘Keep Text Only” features.

26 22 13- 04/10/2019
 DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
(1500 KVA AND BELOW)
SECTION 26 22 13

SECTION 26 22 13
DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
(1500 KVA AND BELOW)

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE
A. The Contractor shall furnish and install single-phase and three-phase general purpose individually mounted
dry-type transformers of the two-windings type, self-cooled as specified herein, and as shown on the
contract drawings.

1.2 RELATED SECTIONS

1.3 REFERENCES
A. The transformers and all components shall be designed, manufactured and tested in accordance with the
latest applicable standards of ANSI, NEMA and UL.
B. Transformers shall meet the requirements of the most current version of federal law 10 CFR Part 431
"Energy Efficiency Program for Certain Commercial and Industrial Equipment".
C. Transformers shall meet the requirements of the 2016 California Energy Code (CEnC), Part 6 – Subchapter
2, Section 110.1 under “Distribution Transformers” and be Certified by the Manufacturer as required by the
Title 20 Appliance Efficiency Regulations, unless otherwise EXEMPT under 110.10(a).

1.4 SUBMITTALS – FOR REVIEW/APPROVAL

A. The following information shall be submitted to the Engineer:
1. Outline dimensions and weights
2. Transformer ratings including:
a. kVA
b. Primary and secondary voltage
c. Taps
d. Basic impulse level (BIL) for equipment over 600 volts
e. Design impedance
f. Insulation class and temperature rise
g. Sound level.
3. Product data sheets

1.5 SUBMITTALS – FOR CONSTRUCTION

A. The following information shall be submitted for record purposes.
1. Final as-built drawings and information for items listed in Paragraph 1.04, and shall incorporate all
changes made during the manufacturing process

26 22 13- 04/10/2019
 DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
(1500 KVA AND BELOW)
SECTION 26 22 13

2. Connection diagrams
3. Installation information
4. Seismic certification and equipment anchorage details as specified

1.6 QUALIFICATIONS
A. The manufacturer of the dry-type distribution transformers shall be the same as the manufacturer of the
other major electrical distribution equipment on the project.
B. For the equipment specified herein, the manufacturer shall be ISO 9001 or 9002 certified.
C. The manufacturer shall be a participant in the UL Data Acceptance Program (DAP) under the Client Test
Data Program (CTDP) certification to ensure UL test methodologies and record traceability complies with
the requirements of ISO 17025.
D. Transformer must bear the UL Energy Efficiency Verification Mark to confirm that the unit meets the
requirements of 10 CFR Part 431.
E. The manufacturer of this equipment shall have produced similar electrical equipment for a minimum period
of five (5) years.
F. Provide Seismic tested equipment as follows:
1. The equipment and major components shall be suitable for and certified by actual seismic testing to
meet all applicable seismic requirements of the [latest International Building Code (IBC)] [latest
California Building Code (CBC) with OSHPD Amendments]. [The equipment shall have OSHPD
Special Seismic Certification (OSP) Pre-Approval.]
2. The Project Structural Engineer will provide site specific ground motion criteria for use by the
manufacturer to establish SDS values required.
3. The IP rating of the equipment shall be 1.5
4. The Structural Engineer for the Site will evaluate the SDS values published on the [Manufacturer’s]
[OSHPD] website to ascertain that they are "equal to" or "greater than" those required for the Project
Site.
5. The following minimum mounting and installation guidelines shall be met, unless specifically
modified by the above referenced standards.
a. The Contractor shall provide equipment anchorage details, coordinated with the equipment
mounting provision, prepared and stamped by a licensed civil engineer in the state. Mounting
recommendations shall be provided by the manufacturer based upon the above criteria to verify
the seismic design of the equipment.
b. The equipment manufacturer shall certify that the equipment can withstand, that is, function
following the seismic event, including both vertical and lateral required response spectra as
specified in above codes.
c. The equipment manufacturer shall document the requirements necessary for proper seismic
mounting of the equipment. Seismic qualification shall be considered achieved when the
capability of the equipment, meets or exceeds the specified response spectra.

1.7 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

A. All transformers shall be UL listed and bear the UL label.

26 22 13- 04/10/2019
 DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
(1500 KVA AND BELOW)
SECTION 26 22 13

1.8 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Equipment shall be handled and stored in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions. One (1) copy of
these instructions shall be included with the equipment at time of shipment.

1.9 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALS

A. Equipment operation and maintenance manuals shall be provided with each assembly shipped, and shall
include instruction leaflets and instruction bulletins for the complete assembly and each major component.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. Eaton
B. __________
C. __________

The listing of specific manufacturers above does not imply acceptance of their products that do not
meet the specified ratings, features and functions. Manufacturers listed above are not relieved from
meeting these specifications in their entirety. Products in compliance with the specification and
manufactured by others not named will be considered only if pre-approved by the Engineer ten (10)
days prior to bid date.

2.2 RATINGS
A. The kVA and voltage ratings shall be as indicated on the drawings.
B. Transformers shall be designed for continuous operation at rated kVA, for 24 hours a day, 365 days a year
operation, with normal life expectancy as defined in ANSI C57.96.
C. Transformers shall meet the requirements of the most current version of federal law 10 CFR Part 431
"Energy Efficiency Program for Certain Commercial and Industrial Equipment".
D. Transformers efficiency shall be measured according to federal law 10 CFR Part 431.
E. Transformer sound levels shall not exceed the following ANSI and NEMA levels for self-cooled ratings:

Self Cooled Ventilated Self Cooled Sealed

Equivalent Winding K-Factor=1 K-Factor=13
kVA Range K-Factor=4 K-Factor=20
K-Factor=9
3.00 and below 40 40 45
3.01 to 9.00 40 40 45
9.01 to 15.00 45 45 50
15.01 to 30.00 45 45 50
30.01 to 50.00 45 48 50
50.01 to 75.00 50 53 55
75.01 to 112.50 50 53 55
112.51 to 150.00 50 53 55
150.01 to 225.00 55 58 57
225.01 to 300.00 55 58 57
300.01 to 500.00 60 63 59
500.01 to 700.00 62 65 61
700.01 to 1000.00 64 67 63
Greater than 1000 Consult Factory Consult Factory Consult Factory

26 22 13- 04/10/2019
 DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
(1500 KVA AND BELOW)
SECTION 26 22 13

F. Where K-factor transformers are indicated on the drawings, the transformers shall be specifically designed
to supply circuits with a harmonic profile equal to or less than a
K-factor of [4] [9] [13] [20] without exceeding [80] [115] [130] [150] degrees C temperature rise.

2.3 CONSTRUCTION – GENERAL PURPOSE TRANSFORMERS

A. Insulation Systems
1. Transformer insulation system shall be as follows:
a. Less than 15 kVA: 180 degrees C insulation system with [80] [115] degree C rise, encapsulated
design; 15 kVA and above: minimum of 200 degree C insulation system with [80] [115] [130]
[150] degree C rise, ventilated design.

OR
a. 1 – 75 kVA, three-phase (37.5 kVA, single-phase): 180 degrees C insulation system with [80]
[115] degree C rise, encapsulated design; 5-45 kVA minimum of 200 degrees C insulation system
with [80] [115] [130] [150] degree C rise; 50 kVA and above: minimum of 220 degrees C
insulation system with [80] [130] [115] [150] degree C rise, ventilated design.
2. Required performance shall be obtained without exceeding the above indicated temperature rise in a
40 degrees C maximum ambient, and a 24-hour average ambient of 30 degrees C
3. All insulation materials shall be flame-retardant and shall not support combustion as defined in ASTM
Standard Test Method D635
B. Core and Coil Assemblies
1. Transformer core shall be constructed with high-grade, non-aging, silicon steel with high magnetic
permeability, and low hysteresis and eddy current losses. Maximum magnetic flux densities shall be
substantially below the saturation point. The transformer core volume shall allow efficient transformer
operation at 10% above the nominal tap voltage. The core laminations shall be tightly clamped and
compressed. Coils shall be wound of electrical grade [aluminum][copper] with continuous wound
construction
2. On three-phase units rated [75 kVA and below] [45 kVA and below] [30 kVA and below] [15 kVA
and below] [9 kVA and below] and single-phase units rated [37.5 kVA and below] [25 kVA and
below] [15 kVA and below] [10 kVA and below] the core and coil assembly shall be completely
encapsulated in a proportioned mixture of epoxy or resin and aggregate to provide a moisture proof,
shock-resistant seal. The core and coil encapsulation system shall minimize the sound level
3. On three-phase units rated [15 kVA and above] [30 kVA and above] [45 kVA and above] [75 kVA
and above] [112.5 kVA and above] and single-phase units rated [15 kVA and above] [25 kVA and
above] [37.5 kVA and above] [50 kVA and above] the coils assembly shall be impregnated with non-
hydroscopic, thermosetting varnish and cured to reduce hot spots and seal out moisture; the core shall
be coated with HAPs (Hazardous Air Pollutants) free water reducible electrical varnish to give good
corrosion resistance. The assembly shall be installed on vibration-absorbing pads
4. Terminals shall be welded to the leads of the coils for better conductivity, less maintenance, and lower
risk of hot spots. Terminals shall not be spot welded or bolted to the coil leads.
C. Taps
1. Three-phase transformers rated 15 through 225 kVA shall be provided with six 2-1/2% taps, two
above and four below rated primary voltage. Three-phase transformers rated greater than 225 kVA
shall be provided with manufacturer’s standard taps for that rating.

26 22 13- 04/10/2019
 DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
(1500 KVA AND BELOW)
SECTION 26 22 13

2. All single-phase transformers, and three-phase transformers rated below 15 kVA and above 500 kVA,
shall be provided with the manufacturer’s standard tap configuration.
D. Electrostatic Shielding
1. Where shown on the drawings, provide shielded isolation transformers with an electrostatic shield
consisting of a single turn of aluminum placed between the primary and secondary winding and
grounded to the housing of the transformer.
a. Electrostatic shield shall provide primary to secondary winding capacitance between 24 and 18
picofarads over the range of 100 Hz to 20 kHz.
b. Electrostatic shielding shall provide the following minimum attenuation when tested per MIL-
Std-220A, Method of Insertion Loss Measurement, with matched impedance no load technique:
2. Common mode noise attenuation: Minus 80 dBA minimum at 0.1 kHz to 1.5 kHz; minus 55 dBA
minimum at 1.51 kHz to 100 kHz.Normal mode (Transverse mode) noise attenuation: Minus 35dBA
minimum at 1.5 kHz to 10 kHz.
E. Motor Drive Isolation
1. Where shown on the drawings, provide motor drive isolation transformers
2. Motor drive isolation transformers shall be designed for use with three-phase ac adjustable frequency
drives 600 volts and below to provide isolation between the incoming line and drive circuitry. These
drives minimize the line disturbances caused by SCR firing within the drive unit. Thermoguards shall
be included in all motor drive isolation transformers to provide additional protection for the
transformer from increased heating due to the non-sinusoidal characteristics of drive currents. The
transformer shall provide reduced short-circuit currents and voltage line transients. The transformer
shall be specifically sized to the drive kVA requirements dictated by the horsepower of the motor and,
as such, will be mechanically braced to withstand the stress of current reversals and short-circuit
currents associated with the specific drive kVA rating.

2.4 CONSTRUCTION – K-FACTOR TRANSFORMERS

A. Insulation Systems
1. Transformers shall be insulated with a UL recognized minimum 200 degrees C insulation system
2. Required performance shall be obtained without exceeding the above indicated temperature rise in a
40 degrees C maximum ambient and a 24-hour average ambient of 30 degrees C
3. All insulation materials shall be flame-retardant and shall not support combustion as defined in ASTM
Standard Test Method D635
B. Core and Coil Assemblies
1. Transformer core shall be constructed with high-grade, non-aging, silicon steel with high magnetic
permeability, and low hysteresis and eddy current losses. Maximum magnetic flux densities shall be
substantially below the saturation point. The transformer core volume shall allow efficient transformer
operation at 10% above the nominal tap voltage. The core laminations shall be tightly clamped and
compressed. Coils shall be wound of electrical grade [aluminum][copper] with continuous wound
construction. The core shall provide reduced induced currents in the steel caused by the high ratios of
peak-to-rms currents and voltages found in harmonic loads
2. The neutral bus shall be configured to accommodate 200% of the rated current

26 22 13- 04/10/2019
 DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
(1500 KVA AND BELOW)
SECTION 26 22 13

3. The coils assembly shall be impregnated with non-hydroscopic, thermosetting varnish and cured to
reduce hot spots and seal out moisture; the core shall be coated with HAPs (Hazardous Air Pollutants)
free water reducible electrical varnish to give good corrosion resistance. The assembly shall be
installed on vibration-absorbing pads
C. Taps
1. Three-phase K-factor rated transformers through 225 kVA shall be provided with six 2-1/2% taps, two
above and four below rated primary voltage. Three-phase transformers rated greater than 225 kVA
shall be provided with the manufacturer’s standard taps for that rating.
2. Single-phase K-factor rated transformers shall be provided with manufacturer’s standard tap
configuration
D. Electrostatic Shielding
1. Provide K-rated transformers with electrostatic shielding consisting of a single turn of aluminum
placed between the primary and secondary winding and grounded to the housing of the transformer.
a. Electrostatic shield shall provide primary to secondary winding capacitance between 24 and 18
picofarads over the range of 100 Hz to 20 kHz.
b. Electrostatic shielding shall provide the following minimum attenuation when tested per MIL-
Std-220A, Method of Insertion Loss Measurement, with matched impedance no load technique:
c. Common mode noise attenuation: Minus 80 dBA minimum at 0.1 kHz to 1.5 kHz; minus 55 dBA
minimum at 1.51 kHz to 100 kHz.Normal mode (Transverse mode) noise attenuation: Minus
35dBA minimum at 1.5 kHz to 10 kHz.

2.5 CONSTRUCTION – HARMONIC MITIGATING TRANSFORMERS

A. Core and Coil Assemblies
1. Transformer core shall be constructed with high-grade, non-aging electrical steel with high magnetic
permeability, and low hysteresis and eddy current losses. Maximum magnetic flux densities shall be
substantially below the saturation point. The transformer core volume shall allow efficient transformer
operation at 10% above the nominal tap voltage. The core laminations shall be tightly clamped and
compressed.
2. The coils assembly shall be impregnated with non-hydroscopic, thermosetting varnish and cured to
reduce hot spots and seal out moisture; the core shall be coated with HAPs (Hazardous Air Pollutants)
free water reducible electrical varnish to give good corrosion resistance. The internal core and coil
assembly shall be installed on vibration-absorbing pads.
3. Transformers shall be of two-winding construction. The primary winding shall be a delta, three-wire
connection and the secondary winding shall be wye-zigzag with a wye field connection.
4. Primary and secondary windings shall be wound of electrical grade [aluminum][copper] with
continuous wound construction. All terminals and bussing shall be [aluminum][copper].
5. Transformers shall be insulated with a UL recognized minimum 200 degrees C insulation system.
Winding temperature rise shall not exceed [80] [115] [130] [150] degrees C.
6. Required performance shall be obtained without exceeding the above indicated temperature rise in a
40 degrees C maximum ambient, and a 24 hour average ambient of 30 degrees C.

26 22 13- 04/10/2019
 DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
(1500 KVA AND BELOW)
SECTION 26 22 13

7. All insulation materials shall be flame-retardant and shall not support combustion as defined in ASTM
Standard Test Method D635.
8. Neutral conductor shall be [aluminum][copper] and rated to carry 200% of normal phase current.
9. Windings shall have a BIL of 10 KV.
B. Taps
1. Three-phase harmonic mitigating transformers rated 15 through 225 kVA shall be provided with six 2-
1/2% taps, two above and four below rated primary voltage. Three-phase transformers rated greater
than 225 kVA shall be provided with manufacturer’s standard taps for that rating.
C. Electrostatic Shielding
1. Harmonic mitigating transformers shall be provided with an independent, [single][double], full-width
electrostatic shield consisting of a single turn of [aluminum][copper] placed between each primary and
secondary winding and grounded.
a. Electrostatic shield shall provide primary to secondary winding capacitance between 24 and 18
picofarads over the range of 100 Hz to 20 kHz.
b. Electrostatic shielding shall provide the following minimum attenuation when tested per MIL-
Std-220A, Method of Insertion Loss Measurement, with matched impedance no load technique:
c. Common mode noise attenuation: Minus 80 dBA minimum at 0.1 kHz to 1.5 kHz; minus 55 dBA
minimum at 1.51 kHz to 100 kHz.Normal mode (Transverse mode) noise attenuation: Minus
35dBA minimum at 1.5 kHz to 10 kHz.

2.6 HARMONIC TREATMENT

A. Harmonic Mitigating Transformers (HMTs) shall have a low Positive/Negative sequence impedance
(between 4.6% and 7.2%) and low Zero-Sequence impedance/reactance (less than 0.55% and 0.47%
respectively)
B. Triplen harmonics shall be treated in the secondary windings through flux cancellation and not coupled in
to the primary delta winding.
C. 5th and 7th harmonic currents shall be treated through the pairing of phase-shifted transformers such that
these harmonic currents subtract at the common bus feeding the transformers with harmonics produced by
other similar sources.
D. Each of the transformers used to treat 5th and 7th harmonic currents shall also treat triplen harmonics in the
secondary windings of each transformer.
E. Fundamental current imbalance shall be reduced on the primary when compared to the secondary load
measurements.
F. Harmonic treatment shall be through electromagnetic means; filters, capacitors, power electronic circuitry
or other such devices shall not be used to treat harmonics.
G. Thermal Sensors
1. When required, provide transformers with a thermal sensor set at 190 degrees C. Provide a second
thermal sensor set at 175 degrees C when required. Thermal sensor(s) shall be factory-installed in the
center coil of the transformer and factory-wired to a terminal strip. Thermal sensors shall consist of a
set of dry contacts.

26 22 13- 04/10/2019
 DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
(1500 KVA AND BELOW)
SECTION 26 22 13

2.7 WIRING/TERMINATIONS
A. Recommended external cable shall be rated 90 degrees C (sized at 75 degrees C ampacity) for encapsulated
and 75 degrees C for ventilated designs. Connectors should be selected on the basis of the type and cable
size used to wire the specific transformer.

2.8 ENCLOSURE
A. The enclosure shall be made of heavy-gauge [steel] [Grade 304 stainless steel][Grade 316 stainless steel].
All transformers shall be equipped with a wiring compartment suitable for conduit entry and large enough
to allow convenient wiring. The maximum temperature of the enclosure shall not exceed 90 degrees C per
UL requirement. The core of the transformer shall be grounded to the enclosure.
B. On three-phase units rated [75 kVA and below] [45 kVA and below] [30 kVA and below] [15 kVA and
below] [9 kVA and below] and single-phase units rated [37.5 kVA and below] [25 kVA and below] [15
kVA and below] [10 kVA and below] the enclosure construction shall be encapsulated, totally enclosed,
non-ventilated, [NEMA 3R][NEMA 4X] , with lifting provisions.
C. On three-phase units rated [15 kVA and above] [30 kVA and above] [45 kVA and above] [75 kVA and
above] [112.5 kVA and above] and single-phase units rated [15 kVA and above] [25 kVA and above] [37.5
kVA and above] [50 kVA and above] the enclosure construction shall be ventilated, NEMA 2, drip-proof,
with lifting provisions. All ventilation openings shall be protected against falling dirt. On outdoor units,
provide weathershields over ventilated openings.
D. Ventilated type transformers that meet 10 CFR Part 431 efficiency requirements, with a core size of 150
kVA or less, shall be suitable for installation with 2-inch clearance from a wall or other obstruction behind
the transformer enclosure.

2.9 FINISH
A. Steel enclosures shall be finished with ANSI 61 color, weather-resistant enamel. Stainless steel enclosures
shall not be painted.

2.10 OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

A. On ventilated outdoor units provide suitable weathershields over ventilation openings.

B. Lug kits shall be provided by the Manufacturer of the transformer
C. Provide hinged, padlockable front cover to facilitate visual inspection and infrared scanning.
D. Provide infrared viewing windows of size and quantity to scan the terminals of the transformer.
E. Provide surge protective device rated [80][160] kA per phase integral to the transformer enclosure. The
surge protective device shall be installed on the [primary][secondary] of the transformer. Provide an
indicating light that is visible on the outside of the transformer enclosure that shows if the surge protective
device is operating.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 FACTORY TESTING

A. The following standard factory tests shall be performed on the equipment provided under this section. All
tests shall be in accordance with the latest version of ANSI and NEMA standards.
1. Ratio tests at the rated voltage connection and at all tap connections

26 22 13- 04/10/2019
 DRY-TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
(1500 KVA AND BELOW)
SECTION 26 22 13

2. Polarity and phase relation tests on the rated voltage connection

3. Applied potential tests
4. Induced potential test
5. No-load and excitation current at rated voltage on the rated voltage connection

3.2 INSTALLATION
A. The Contractors shall install all equipment per the manufacturer’s recommendations and the contract
drawings.

3.3 FIELD ADJUSTMENTS

A. Adjust taps to deliver appropriate secondary voltage.

3.4 FIELD TESTING

A. Measure primary and secondary voltages for proper tap settings.

26 22 13- 04/10/2019