Gifted students 2021

PRACTICE TEST 3
LEXICO-GRAMMAR
a. Circle the best option A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
1. - Jane: Congratulations! You did a great job! - Barbara: _____.
A. It’s my pleasure B. You’re welcome C. It’s nice of you to say so D. That’s OK
2. Come on. Spill the _____! What's the big secret?
A. peas B. beans C. milk D. dust
3. She has an unbelievable voice. Her singing is absolutely _____.
A. out of this life B. beyond this world C. out of this world D. beyond this life
4. _____ Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from_____ France to _____ United States.
A. The/ Ø/ the B. A/ the/ the C. Ø/ Ø/ the D. A/ the/ a
5. The newspaper didn’t mention the _____ of the damage caused by the fire.
A. range B. number C. quantity D. extent
6. Alice: Can we meet this Sunday to discuss our plan for the wildlife protection project? - Harry: _____.
A. Yes, we did that B. Sunday is the weekend
C. Sunday suits me fine D. Sunday is a great day
7. Overpopulation in urban areas tends to create unfavorable conditions, which may result in _____ of food
in developing countries.
A. damages B. failures C. shortages D. supplies
8. They demanded that the heater _____ immediately. Their apartment was freezing.
A. repaired B. be repaired C. being repaired D. been repaired
9. It would be nice if I passed my exams but I don't hold _____ much hope.
A. with B. up C. out D. onto
10. Interactive games could be used in order to keep students _____.
A. engage B. engaged C. engagement D. engaging
11. A columnist _____ in writing articles about a particular subject for a newspaper or a magazine.
A. believes B. concentrates C. responds D. specializes
12. Larry drove all night to get to his sister’s wedding. He _____ exhausted by the time he arrived.
A. must have been B. could be C. ought to be D. will have been
13. My father is getting old and forgetful. _____, he is experienced and helpful.
A. Be that as it may B. Regardless C. Inasmuch as it is D. Consequently
14. Rarely have I visited as_____ Moscow, the capital of Russia.
A. a beautiful city as B. beautiful a city as
C. beautiful as the city D. a city as beautiful as
15. You should study hard to _____ your classmates.
A. catch sight of B. feel like C. get in touch with D. keep pace with
16. He’ll probably want to know if you _____.
A. will have been drinking B. didn’t drink
C. had drunk D. have been drinking

b. Circle the best option A, B, C or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined part in each of the following sentences.
1. All visitors are kept out of the conservation area.
A. prevented from entering B. prevented from destroying
C. allowed to enter D. allowed to take photos
2. The use of lasers in surgery has become relatively commonplace in recent years.
A. comparatively B. relevantly C. virtually D. absolutely
3. Teenagers can become addicted to social networking if they can’t control the time they spend online.
A. dependent on B. hooked on C. indifferent to D. exhausted by
4. They look very intimidating at first but they are perfectly nice people when you get to know them.
A. generous B. approachable C. inspiring D. timid

c. Give the correct form of the words in brackets to complete the passage.

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For many people, the London Underground is a grim necessity that gets them from A to B. But for (1.bud)
author Preethi Nair, it is a source of inspiration. She has just published her first novel, Gypsy Masala – a tale
she dreamt up whilst commuting on the Metropolitan Line. “Have you observed people on the tube?”, she
asks (2. enthuse). “Everyone is in their little world. I just used to sit there and imagine what kind of lives
they led”. Gypsy Masala charts the adventures and (3. inner) thoughts of three members of an Indian family
living in London, as they search for (4. happy). “It is a story about following your dreams.”, says Preethi,
who gave up her high-pressure job as a management consultant in order to go in (5. pursue) of her ambition
of becoming a writer. “It was a big risk but it was definitely the right decision in terms of peace of mind and
(6. content)”, she explains. Preethi was born in a small village in the Indian state of Kerala and moved to
London with her parents at the age of three. She says the striking contrast in cultures made a (7. last)
impression and is reflected in her story, which flits between the suburbs of London and (8. far) India. Many
of the scenes in the book are based on the place where she was born and spent long summer holidays. “It is a
tiny village that is lost in time. There is still no (9. run) water and it is quite difficult to get to. It is
completely (10. touch) and beautiful.”

d. Fill a suitable preposition/ particle in each gap to complete the sentences.

1.She put _______ going to the doctor but she wishes she hadn’t.
2. He kept his marriage for years, but eventually the truth came_______.
3. After the accident at the nuclear power station, the authorities tried to play _______ the danger to the
public from the radioactive waste.
4. We knew he wasn’t English as his accent gave him _______.
5. “You should get rid of that old leather jacket.” “I know, but I don’t want to part _______ it. I’ve had it
for years”
6. “Do you live near Cecilia? “Oh, sure. My apartment building is just a stone’s throw _______ hers.
7. “Have you got enough money to live on?” “I just manage to get _______.”
8. She had to turn_______ their invitation to lunch as she had an appointment.
9. Once people have fallen _______ bad habits, they tend to be stuck with them.
10. We judge a worker_______ the basis of his performance.

e. Give the correct form of the phrasal verbs from the box to complete the following sentences. Use each
phrasal verb once.
die out wear off mix up take in run into carry out
go in for fall short of go forth come up to get over break up
1. “I’m sorry, but I don’t think you and I have met before. Are you sure you’re not _________ me
________with somebody else?”
2. If we don’t preserve the world’s wild life, many rare species are likely to _______________ completely.
3. I hope this headache _______________ soon.
4. It is very easy for the children to be _______________by slick-talking salesmen.
5. The film didn’t really _______________ our expectations, unfortunately.
6. My grandfather _______________collecting stamps when he was young.
7. I hadn’t arranged to meet him. I just _______________him.
8. I don’t know how we are going to _______________this problem.
9. Many schools need better facilities for_______________ scientific experiments.
10. - Mike: Do you know what time the party _______________ last night?
- Jane: I don’t know. It was still going on when I went home.

READING
a. Read the text below and fill each gap with ONE suitable word.
The rarest and most expensive types of mushrooms in the world are called truffles and are considered
a great delicacy. (1. _________________) the mushrooms we eat most of the time, (2. _________________)
grow above the ground, truffles grow underground in natural woodland. They have a lumpy, irregular shape
and vary (3. _________________) the size of a walnut to the size of a man’s fist. (4. _________________)
date, no one has been able to cultivate truffles. They grow wild and have to be hunted for. However, (5.

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_________________) to the commercial value of truffles, in most countries it is not possible to hunt for
them (6. _________________) you have licence to do so.
Ripe truffles produce a characteristic odour. If harvested before this odour develops, the truffle will
not be mature (7. _________________) to eat. Only when it is fragrant is it truly flavorful. It is therefore (8.
_________________) surprise that it is the smell of the truffle that leads the hunter to the right place. Dogs,
with their keen noses, have been entrusted (9. _________________) the responsibility of truffle hunting.
After (10. _________________), a dog’s sense of smell is up to 10,000 times better than that of a human.
Almost any dog can be trained to seek out the valuable fungus by first learning to retrieve balls, then cheese
before being introduced to the truffle.

b. Read the passage and circle the best option A, B, C or D to answer the questions below.
As more and more countries around the globe move towards industrialization in an attempt to
compete the global market, an environmental crisis over deforestation - the cutting down, burning, and
general damaging of forests - is glooming for mankind. Over the last several decades, environmental
specialists have proposed various strategies aimed at slowing down this process of deforestation in
developing countries. Many of these proposals are indeed valuable ideas in that they are realistic attempts to
address some of the causes of deforestation, such as farming, cattle ranching, and commercial logging. All
of them rely on government involvement of some kind.
There are three broad categories of solutions: state economic policies, internal agreements, and
international programs. Economic policies generally attempt to limit the activity of small farms through
government actions. Government actions can include the clear and proper definition and enforcement of
property rights, meaning that squatting, or illegal settling on land, would be more difficult. Subsidies can be
used to encourage conservation. That is, money may be paid to supplement the income of those farmers who
make an effort to reduce the usual amount of damage to the forest that their farms cause. In addition, taxes
can act as a deterrent to undesirable land use. For example, certain kinds of agriculture, like the slash- and-
burn method, as well as cattle ranching, may be taxed to discourage these activities.
An internal agreement may be made between governments and indigenous or native people living in
the moist rainforests and open woodlands of the tropics, where the vast majority of this deforestation is
occurring. Such an agreement would allow people to carry on traditional activities adapted for some
economic benefit. One example is the rubber tappers in Brazil. These native people draw sap from rubber
trees in the forests, without damaging or killing the trees. The sap, in turn, is sold to rubber companies,
thereby providing the native people with economic benefits.
Finally, international agreements usually involve the exchange of monetary aid in return for
government action to protect its forests. One such plan seeks to help pay a nation's debt in exchange for
restrictions on certain kinds of activities in rainforests. This is appealing for a poor country such as Brazil,
which has an international debt of $160 billion. Instead of selling logging concession to pay down that
obligation, the government receives money for banning or restricting logging in its forests. There is also the
proposal of a global fund created in order to grant money to countries that choose to protect their
environments. While all of these ideas could possibly work, it remains to be seen whether there will be any
real progress in rainforest conservation.
It is clear that something must be done to protect the forests of the world. If the current rate of
deforestation continues, the world's rainforests will vanish in within 100 years, causing numerous adverse
effects on global climate and eliminating the majority of plant and animal species on the planet.
Deforestation significantly increases the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere each year,
which in turn causes an increase in global temperature. Also, scientists speculate that the tropical rainforests,
though covering only seven percent of the Earth's dry surface, contain more than half of the 5 million to 80
million species of plants and animals that comprise the "biodiversity" of the planet. The loss of species
resulted from radical climate change will have a drastic effect. The Earth is losing species every day that
could potentially prevent cancer or lead to a cure for AIDS. In addition, other organisms are losing species
they depend upon, and thus face extinction themselves. Unless some forms of concrete solution to
deforestation is enacted quickly, the survival of all creatures living on Earth could be in jeopardy.
1. The word "deterrent" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.
A. tine B. penalty C. incentive D. discouragement
2. Why does the author mention rubber-tappers in paragraph 3?
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A. To provide an example of an internal agreement

B. To provide an example of an international agreement
C. To provide an example of a state economic policy
D. To provide an example of why Brazil is a poor nation
3. According to paragraph 3 and 4, what is the main difference between an internal agreement and an
international agreement?
A. International agreements are more effective than internal agreements.
B. An international agreement is between countries; an internal agreement is between a government and
its people.
C. Internal agreements benefit governments; international agreements benefit indigenous groups.
D. Internal agreements are more effective than international ones.
4. From the passage, it can be inferred that _________.
A. state economic policies are more effective than international agreements
B. indigenous peoples in the tropics depend on forestry to make money
C. the three types of solutions mentioned will save the rainforests
D. deforestation is not a very serious problem
5. According to the passage, what are the major adverse effects of deforestation?
A. An increase in carbon dioxide and decrease in biodiversity.
B. Warmer weather and an increase in biodiversity.
C. Loss of plant and animal species and an increase in global debt.
D. An increase in global debt and human diseases.

c. Read the passage and do the tasks that follow.

A The market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries all across the world
are actively promoting their “wilderness” regions - such as mountains, Arctic lands, deserts, small
islands and wetlands - to high-spending tourists. The attraction of these areas is obvious: by definition,
wilderness tourism requires little or no initial investment. But that does not mean that there is no cost. As the
1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development recognized, these regions are fragile
(i.e. highly vulnerable to abnormal pressures) not just in terms of their ecology, but also in terms of the
culture of their inhabitants. The three most significant types of fragile environment in these respects, and
also in terms of the proportion of the Earth's surface they cover, are deserts, mountains and Arctic areas. An
important characteristic is their marked seasonality, with harsh conditions prevailing for many months each
year. Consequently, most human activities, including tourism, are limited to quite clearly defined parts of
the year.
Tourists are drawn to these regions by their natural landscape beauty and the unique cultures of their
indigenous people. And poor governments in these isolated areas have welcomed the new breed of
'adventure tourist', grateful for the hard currency they bring. For several years now, tourism has been the
prime source of foreign exchange in Nepal and Bhutan. Tourism is also a key element in the economies of
Arctic zones such as Lapland and Alaska and in desert areas such as Ayers Rock in Australia and Arizona's
Monument Valley.
B
Once a location is established as a main tourist destination, the effects on the local community are
profound. When hill-farmers, for example, can make more money in a few weeks working as porters for
foreign trekkers than they can in a year working in their fields, it is not surprising that many of them give up
their farm-work, which is thus left to other members of the family. In some hill-regions, this has led to a
serious decline in farm output and a change in the local diet, because there is insufficient labour to maintain
terraces and irrigation systems and tend to crops. The result has been that many people in these regions have
turned to outside supplies of rice and other foods.
In Arctic and desert societies, year-round survival has traditionally depended on hunting animals and fish
and collecting fruit over a relatively short season. However, as some inhabitants become involved in
tourism, they no longer have time to collect wild food; this has led to increasing dependence on bought food
and stores. Tourism is not always the culprit behind such changes. All kinds of wage labour, or government
handouts, tend to undermine traditional survival systems. Whatever the cause, the dilemma is always the
same: what happens if these new, external sources of income dry up?
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The physical impact of visitors is another serious problem associated with the growth in adventure tourism.
Much attention has focused on erosion along major trails, but perhaps more important are the deforestation
and impacts on water supplies arising from the need to provide tourists with cooked food and hot showers.
In both mountains and deserts, slow-growing trees are often the main sources of fuel and water supplies may
be limited or vulnerable to degradation through heavy use.
C Stories about the problems of tourism have become legion in the last few years. Yet it does not have
to be a problem. Although tourism inevitably affects the region in which it takes place, the costs to these
fragile environments and their local cultures can be minimized. Indeed, it can even be a vehicle for
reinvigorating local cultures, as has happened with the Sherpas of Nepal's Khumbu Valley and in some
Alpine villages. And a growing number of adventure tourism operators are trying to ensure that their
activities benefit the local population and environment over the long term.
In the Swiss Alps, communities have decided that their future depends on integrating tourism more
effectively with the local economy. Local concern about the rising number of second home developments in
the Swiss Pays d'Enhaut resulted in limits being imposed on their growth. There has also been a renaissance
in communal cheese production in the area, providing the locals with a reliable source of income that does
not depend on outside visitors.
Many of the Arctic tourist destinations have been exploited by outside companies, who employ transient
workers and repatriate most of the profits to their home base. But some Arctic communities are now
operating tour businesses themselves, thereby ensuring that the benefits accrue locally. For instance, a native
corporation in Alaska, employing local people, is running an air tour from Anchorage to Kotzebue, where
tourists eat Arctic food, walk on the tundra and watch local musicians and dancers.
Native people in the desert regions of the American Southwest have followed similar strategies, encouraging
tourists to visit their pueblos and reservations to purchase high-quality handicrafts and artwork. The Acoma
and San Ildefonso pueblos have established highly profitable pottery businesses, while the Navajo and Hopi
groups have been similarly successful with jewellery.
Too many people living in fragile environments have lost control over their economies, their culture and
their environment when tourism has penetrated their homelands. Merely restricting tourism cannot be the
solution to the imbalance, because people's desire to see new places will not just disappear. Instead,
communities in fragile environments must achieve greater control over tourism ventures in their regions, in
order to balance their needs and aspirations with the demands of tourism. A growing number of
communities are demonstrating that, with firm communal decision-making, this is possible. The critical
question now is whether this can become the norm, rather than the exception.
1.3. Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below.
Your answers Headings
1. Section A 1.__________ a. The expansion of international tourism in recent years
2. Section B 2.__________ b. How local communities can balance their own needs with the
3. Section C 3.__________ demands of wilderness tourism
c. Fragile regions and the reasons for the expansion of tourism there
d. Traditional methods of food-supply in fragile regions
e. Some of the disruptive effects of wilderness tourism
f. The economic benefits of mass tourism
4.7. Do the following statements reflect the opinion of the writer? Please write:
YES if the statement agrees with the writer
NO if the statement does not agree with the writer
NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage
Statements
4. The low financial cost of setting up wilderness tourism makes it attractive to many countries.
5. Wilderness tourism operates throughout the year in fragile areas.
6. The spread of tourism in certain hill-regions has resulted in a fall in the amount of food produced
locally.
7. Government handouts do more damage than tourism does to traditional patterns of food-gathering.
8.10. Write ONE word from the passage to complete the information in the table below.

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The positive ways in which some local communities have responded to tourism
People/ Local Activity Your answers
Swiss Pays d’Enhaut Revived production of (8) _________ 8.______________
Arctic communities Operate (9) _________businesses 9. ______________
Acoma and San Ildefonso Produce and sell (10) __________ 10. ______________

WRITING
a. Finish each of the sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the original sentence.
1. “I’m really sorry that I woke you up this morning, Harry” said Mrs. Stone
=> Mrs. Stone apologized ..........................................................................................................................
2. As soon as he entered the room, he knew there was something wrong.
=> No sooner .............................................................................................................................................
3. We’ve been thinking the matter over and have finally come to a decision.
=> We’ve given..........................................................................................................................................
4. Those who are riding motorbikes are not allowed to take off their helmets.
=>People must............................................................................................................................................
5. I would prefer you to have delivered the sofa last Friday.
=> I would sooner ......................................................................................................................................
6. In spite of his age, Mr. Benson runs 7 miles before breakfast every day.
=> Old ........................................................................................................................................................
7. It seems that someone has taken my keys.
=> Someone seems ....................................................................................................................................
8. House prices have risen dramatically this year.
=>There has................................................................................................................................................
9. Sam never thought of asking me for my advice.
=> It never occurred....................................................................................................................................
10. I was not surprised to hear that Mary had failed her driving test.
=> It came...................................................................................................................................................

b. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the words
given. Do not change the words given in brackets in anyway.
1. I did not dare to turn on the television. I was afraid of waking the baby up. (fear)
=>................................................................................................................................................................................................
2. That girl was so beautiful that I couldn’t stop looking at her. (eyes)
=>................................................................................................................................................................
3. Many people nowadays find it increasingly difficult to exist on the money they earn. (ends)
=>................................................................................................................................................................
4. I certainly won’t change my mind about resigning. (question)
=>................................................................................................................................................................
5. Many people in the Third World are dying from lack of food every day. (account)
=>................................................................................................................................................................
6. If it hadn’t been for her, I would have drowned. (Thanks)
=>................................................................................................................................................................
7. When you eat a lot, you get fat. (more)
=>................................................................................................................................................................
8. We’d better leave Alice a note because it’s possible she’ll arrive later. (case)
=>................................................................................................................................................................
9. Laura was faced by a lot of problems during her childhood. (contend)
=> Laura had ..............................................................................................................................................
10. The audience suddenly started to applaud loudly. (sudden)
=> All ........................................................................................................................................................

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c. Find one mistake in each sentence, circle A,B, C or D for your choice and write your corrections in the
table below.
1. A supersonic (A) airplane can fly (B) faster than (C) a (D) speed of sound.
2. The (A) vacuum tube did (B) an important (C) contribution to the early growth (D) of radio and
television.
3. A bimetallic (A) thermometer relies (B) the different rates (C) of expansion of the two types of metal,
usually (D) brass and copper.
4. The destructive (A) force of running water depends (B) entirely almost (C) on the velocity of its (D) flow.
5. In 1964, GATT established the International Trade Center in order to assist (A) developing (B) countries
in the promotion (C) of its (D) exports.

1._____________ 2.______________ 3.______________ 4.______________ 5.____________

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