Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Herbert
Utah Leads
Together
Utah’s plan for a health and
economic recovery
Prepared by the Economic Response Task Force
VERSION 1
The Utah Leads Together economic response plan
recognizes the value of facing uncertainty with a
dynamic, data-informed, and unified plan. It gives
structure and order, to what can otherwise be an
unclear and difficult reality.
The plan conveys three phases of response:
urgent, stabilization, and recovery. These phases
help businesses correctly balance the health of
employees with planning imperatives necessary for
continuing operations.
The time estimates of the phases give businesses
the ability to set concrete objectives during a period
of uncertainty. The time horizons give employees of
those businesses confidence for a return to normal
work and household patterns.
Stability from directionally correct plans forms the
basis of our economic recovery.
Contents
Message from the Governor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Stay Engaged with the Economy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Utah Leads Together Plan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Resources for Small Business Owners and Employees. . . . 9
Testing, Measurement, and Treatment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Data Appendix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Phases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Glossary of Terms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Message from the Governor
March 2020
My fellow Utahns,
Times like these bring out the best in Utahns. We work together. We look
out for each other. Combine that foundation with strong long-term
fundamentals in Utah’s economy, and I am optimistic about Utah’s future.
This is a time for Utah to shine.
“Utah Leads Together” is our plan for Utah’s economy. This dynamic plan
provides a vision for Utah’s economic rebound as we carefully address the
public health emergency before us.
We have entered a critical and urgent phase. If we follow public health
guidelines we have a chance to get on the path to recovery more quickly. If
we don’t, we face a longer and more painful recovery.
I encourage Utahns to rigorously follow public health measures, while
staying as economically engaged as possible. By doing so, we will save
jobs and alleviate suffering.
Utah leads when we reach out and look out for the most vulnerable
among us. Utah leads when we focus on a future with stronger social
bonds and restored economic strength. While we now face unprecedented
challenges, Utah will adapt. Utah will innovate. And, together, Utah will
lead and Utah will overcome.
– Governor Gary R. Herbert
coronavirus.utah.gov 1
The Utah Leads Together Plan
Under the direction of Gov. Gary Herbert, the Utah Economic Response Task Force
prepared this plan to provide Utahns clarity and specifics about the path to an
economic recovery. The plan carefully balances the public health imperative with
economic need. It does this through a dynamic health measurement process that
Goal:
evaluates the state’s infection transmission rates. Guided by extensive testing we can Provide Utah
protect public health and ensure Utah’s hospital system is not overwhelmed, all while businesses and
guiding our economy towards a full recovery.
residents with clarity
The Utah Leads Together plan is based on the premise that every Utahn plays a role
in Utah’s health and economic recovery. We lead together. To be successful Utahns and specifics about
must take three major actions: Utah’s plan for a
1. Rigorously follow public health guidelines and measure transmission rates health and economic
2. Stay engaged with the economy
3. Assist those in need
recovery.
These actions, combined with the great work of local businesses and aggressive
monetary and fiscal policy, will put Utah on the path to recovery. We can ADAPT,
INNOVATE, and OVERCOME.
THE PLAN
The Utah Leads Together plan recognizes that markets economic recovery. In this phase we innovate. A detailed work
correct, recessions end, and prosperity returns. We anticipate plan is under development. It is during this phase that private
three phases with a specific strategy: and public sector policies will aid with the economic recovery.
Urgent Phase Adherence to this phase will hasten economic recovery.
This is the phase we are in right now and is expected to last Recovery Phase
8–12 weeks (with a focus on eight) beginning March 16, 2020. This phase is expected to last 8–10 weeks (with a focus on
The objective is clear: Mitigate the spread of COVID-19 through eight). The objectives are to provide promising medical treat-
strict social distancing measures. The strategy is to identify, ments and continue the hard work of restoring economic
mitigate, and reduce the virus’ impact before Utah reaches a confidence. In this phase we overcome. A detailed work plan is
hospital-bed crisis. A detailed work plan is in place. This phase under development. Adherence to this phase will ensure Utah’s
involves a coordinated public health response, large-scale economic recovery comes more quickly and in a more sustained way.
testing, and a historic economic stimulus. We adapt and we These phases, including the major objectives and detailed
innovate. Adherence to this phase will shorten other phases and work plans, create a path for Utah’s economic recovery.
accelerate economic recovery.
The Path to Recovery
Stabilization Phase
This phase is expected to last 10–14 weeks (with a focus on
10) and is expected to be the longest phase. The objectives are
Urgent Stabilization Recovery
to make sure there is no backtracking on the progress made
Phase Phase Phase
during the urgent phase, provide promising medical
treatments, and continue to lay the groundwork for a complete
coronavirus.utah.gov 3
Figure 1: Urgent Phase
Goal: 8-12 weeks beginning March 16, 2020 Measure of Challenge: Infections increasing and jobs declining
Public Health
Economic Characteristics
Characteristics and Public and Private Solutions
and Practices
Practices
• Urgent public health • The Utah economy is open and FED AND FEDERAL Financial options
practices operating in compliance with specific • Aggressive monetary policy • State carefully utilizes $24M
• Testing increases public health practices: • Reduced interest rates COVID-19 appropriation
• Contact tracing and - Agriculture • Reduced reserve requirements • Delayed tax payments
active monitoring - Natural resources and mining • Significant liquidity support • Unemployment insurance and
• Extensive social distancing - Construction • Forward guidance safety net programs
• High-risk populations stay - Manufacturing • Reprioritize current spending and
Fiscal and public policy
at home - Trade, transportation, use operating reserves to provide
(Estimated $2.0 trillion in aid)
• Urgent medical research automotive, and utilities assistance
• Vaccines and R&D
and planning - Information (tech & telecom) • Grant and loan programs
• Sick leave and unemployment
• Group gathering limitations - Financial activities • Repurpose economic development
insurance
(10 or fewer) - Professional and business services tools to support businesses most
• Large block grants to states
• No on-premise dining to - Education and health services significantly impacted and support
• Delayed tax payments
limit crowds - Leisure and hospitality supply chains
• Cash payments to individuals and
• Significant K-12 school - Other services
businesses
disruptions - Government PRIVATE
• SBA cash-flow assistance
• College and universities • Stay engaged with economy
The following industries – largely small • SBA entrepreneurial assistance
switch to online learning • Support employees and their
businesses – are operating under • Assistance to highly impacted
• Significant travel restrictions families with COVID-19
specific restrictions, but still open for industries
• Focused support for health • Hire economically impacted
business and need Utahns support: • Low interest loans and guarantees
care system and workers
professionals - Food service and restaurants STATE AND LOCAL • Innovation and R&D
• Monitor health indicators, - Personal services and barber shops • State and local government • Business planning and innovation
including mental health - Entertainment venues offices remain open • Property owners and financial
• Monitor need for additional - Arena sports, arts, and bars are • State Legislature convenes in a institutions ease impact on small
public health measures. Act closed Special Session businesses and individuals with
quickly if warranted. • Severe impacts to small businesses voluntary mortgage, rent and debt
Regulatory and policy options
and nonprofits, especially retail, payment deferrals
ADHERENCE TO THIS PHASE • Streamline all processes to maximize
restaurants and bars, tourism, • Suspended service disconnections
WILL SHORTEN OTHER PHASES federal efforts to ensure they reach
entertainment, cultural, and other for telecommunications, utilities,
AND ACCELERATE RECOVERY. impacted businesses and individuals
industries water and essential city services for
as rapidly as possible, including
• Telework surges impacted entities
bridge programs as stopgaps
• Hourly and other workers hard hit • Help alleviate supply chain
Measure = COVID-19 • Support rapid job replacement of
with significant layoffs and furloughs shortages
transmission rate of impacted workers
• Requests for rental abatement
1.5 at the beginning • Ease business burdens and reduce/ • Philanthropic focus on most
• Market innovations create new vulnerable and impacted and
and 1.0 at the end forgo fees
opportunities consolidate efforts to maximize
(This phase will be extended • Ensure business interruptions
insurance policies are honored impact
until transmission rate is
consistently below 1.0.) Measure = Decline in jobs
coronavirus.utah.gov 5
Figure 2: Stabilization Phase
Goal: 10-14 weeks Measure of Challenge: Transmission of COVID-19 and job losses slow
• Public health practices continue • Utah economy and majority of FED AND FEDERAL:
• Testing becomes broad based businesses and government expand • Aggressive monetary and fiscal policy takes effect
• Contact tracing and active operations with precautions • Individuals and small businesses receive significant aid
monitoring continue • Review curbside/drive-through/ • Highly impacted industries receive aid
• Social distancing continues, but in a spaced in-house dining measures • Vaccine and medical R&D continue
more targeted and careful way • Telework continues, but many return • Cash infused into economy
• High-risk populations continue to stay to offices
home • Hourly workers find new STATE AND LOCAL:
• Medical research and planning intensify opportunities and aid • Leverage working rainy-day funds and additional operating
• Group gathering limitations softened • Impacts to retail, entertainment, reserves to ensure stability of safety net programs and to inject
• Travel restrictions lessen cultural, and other select industries cash into the economy by investing in shovel-ready projects
• Continued support for health care continue, but lessen • Flexible regulatory policies augment progress
system and professionals • Short-term layoffs and furloughs • Safety net programs do their job
continue, but at a slower pace • Grant and loan programs help individuals and small business
Measure = COVID-19 transfer rate • Banking sector remains strong, begins • Repurposed incentive funds help Utah businesses
less than one and declining. to expand lending
(The state will return to the Urgent Phase • Significant home refinancing PRIVATE
if transmission rates increase.) • Market innovations create new • Businesses innovate to solve problems
opportunities • Planning pays off; businesses have certainty and adapt
• Loan and rent forbearance pay off
Measure = Jobs losses slow • Philanthropic focus shifts from immediate needs to longer term
needs and supports nonprofit community
Goal: 8-10 weeks Measure of Success: Virus under control and job growth
• Public health practices result in improved • Workers return to work, with precautions FED AND FEDERAL
hygiene • Telework is expanded because of lessons learned • Monetary and fiscal policy normalize
• Testing becomes mainstream • Retail, entertainment, tourism, cultural, and other over time
• Contact tracing and active monitoring continue industries begin to recover • Safety net programs continue to do
• Social distancing changes to smart public health • Utah economy leads national recovery their job
practices • Spaced in-house dining returns • Vaccine and R&D turn promising
• High-risk populations continue to take extreme • Sports and entertainment resumes
precautions - College sports STATE AND LOCAL
• Medical research and planning pays dividends - Movie theaters • Access rainy-day accounts and
• Work towards a vaccine intensifies - Concerts additional working rainy-day funds to
• Group gathering limitations eased - Shortened basketball and baseball seasons shore up critical government services
• Travel restrictions eliminated - Theatre/opera/symphony until revenue begins to grow
• Broad improvements in health care system • Hourly and season workers return to normal levels • As revenue surpluses return, state
efficiency and appreciation for professionals • Small business begin recovery begins to replenish budget reserve
• Highly impacted industries begin recovery accounts
Measure = COVID-19 transfer rate of • Markets stabilize and move positive
near zero. • Banking sector remains strong PRIVATE
• COVID-19-related layoffs end • Business return to pre-crisis stance
• Homeowners benefit from lower mortgage rates • Businesses and government innovate to
• Strategic health supply chains recover and many solve problems
re-shore • Philanthropic network better organized
• Pent-up demand comes on strong
n Easing Business Burdens – Many cities are alleviating the n Brewery becomes a Hand Sanitizer Factory – Ogden’s
burden to local businesses, easing regulations on business Own Distillery, known for their Five Wives Vodka, received
advertising and signage, and allowing a 90-day extension federal approval to begin making hand sanitizer for Utah
on business license renewal fees. residents, stores, and hospitals. They are currently working
n Utility Payment Relief - Water shutoffs will also be on producing in bulk to meet the local needs but would like
suspended by many cities for any local resident struggling to set up refill stations, helping our health and environment.
to pay their bills during this time. n Caring for our Children: School districts around the state
n Real Salt Lake scores a goal for Utah Food Bank – Due are providing breakfast and lunch to children during the
to the suspension of Major League Soccer, in conjunction outbreak. Some city libraries are providing online story
with Rio Tinto Stadium and Levy, the RSL Foundation time for kids. Families are also doing what they can to
donated all food intended for the now-suspended matches make this time fun. Residents in Davis County started a St.
to the Utah Food Bank as well as $5,000. Patrick’s Day scavenger hunt, asking their neighbors to put
a shamrock in a street facing window of their home.
coronavirus.utah.gov 7
Stay Engaged with the Economy – Can Do
In order to keep our economy strong • Require respiratory etiquette, including Work Sites
in both the short term and the long covering coughs and sneezes into elbows • Conduct plan checks electronically or
or forearms, not hands through a drop box outside the office
term, we need to keep business of
• Utilize conference call and electronic • Determine a time for building inspections
every kind operating. Businesses can communications when only the inspector is present,
and should continue to operate. This is • Communicate regularly and clearly with ensuring that builders have vacated the site
a greater challenge in some industries your employees • Establish screening procedure, including
than others, but health concerns can • Provide customers and employees with temperature screenings, at facility
tissue and trash receptacles entrances
be carefully addressed and balanced
• Avoid gatherings of 10 or more people in • Restrict access to critical work areas and
in all industries. Adapt your business waiting rooms or other areas introduce rotating shifts for workers
plans and operations to best practices • When employees are ready to return to • Establish onsite accommodations and
based on health guidelines in order to work after illness, do not require a doctor’s protocol to manage individuals reporting
keep your employees and your note- this puts unnecessary stress on the flu-like symptoms while at work
customers safe. Be creative and health care system • Increase the frequency of janitorial
For more information, visit coronavirus.utah. services for shared space cleaning,
innovate to adapt your businesses
gov and the OSHA Guidance on Preparing including, but not limited to, workstations,
operations to these guidelines. countertops, handles, doorknobs, gang
Workplaces for COVID-19 at https://www.
boxes, shared tools, and equipment
Telework wherever and osha.gov/Publications/OSHA3990.pdf
• Service portable bathrooms frequently
whenever possible. Retail Establishments and provide hand sanitizer in/or around
• Adjust store hours all portable bathrooms
In addition, we offer the following • Do not permit communal food on the
• Provide dedicated time for cleaning
guidelines for all businesses: and restocking jobsite or use a common water cooler
General Guidance • Provide rest periods for employees • Do not permit the sharing of tools or
• Require employees showing any signs of • Establish hours for elderly shoppers or personal protection equipment (PPE)
illness to stay home those in high risk categories • Sanitize reusable PPE per manufacturer’s
• Support paid time off for sick employees. • Ensure customers can maintain appropriate recommendation prior to each use and
This will help ensure employees who are distance in lines and throughout your store ensure it is properly disposed of
symptomatic do not report to work. • Use touchless payment options where • Instruct workers to wash hands after
• Provide flexible scheduling for employees possible removing gloves
who may be struggling with child care, or • Provide hand sanitizer at pay stations • Instruct workers to change work clothes
caring for elderly parents. • Change gloves, wash hands, use sanitizer prior to arriving home and to wash
• Encourage employees to work remotely between customer interactions clothes in hot water with laundry sanitizer
when possible and focus on core business • Provide employees with gloves and other Dining
activities. In-person, non-mandatory personal protection options • Provide distance between working
activities should be delayed until the • Provide markers in areas with lines to keep employees
resumption of normal operations. customers 6 feet apart • Adhere to careful sanitation guidelines for
• Organizations should implement their Manufacturing food preparation and packaging
business continuity and pandemic plans, or • Increase work space and distance • Provide for curbside, drive-through and
put plans in place if they do not exist. between employees take out options
• Clean and sanitize work spaces and • Minimize auditors, customers, vendors • Change gloves, wash hands, use sanitizer
equipment frequently including phones, entering your facility and encourage the between customer interactions
desks, remote controls, and keyboards use of technology • Sanitize customer areas frequently,
• Require frequent hand washing. If soap • Conduct meetings remotely or hold including, but not limited to items like
and running water are not immediately internal group meetings in larger door knobs, handrails, and seating
available, provide alcohol based-sanitizer conference rooms where people can • Use touchless payment options where
containing at least 60% alcohol. maintain distance possible
• Avoid touching common items like door • Alter cafeteria practices so people have Hotels/Accommodations
handles and elevator buttons more space or stagger lunch times • Apply best practices re: sanitation/exterior
• Discourage workers from using other • Install disinfectant spray and hand sanitizer access/no breakfast buffets to avoid
worker’s phones, desks, offices, or other locations throughout the facilities complete shutdown
work tools and equipment when possible • Disinfect conference rooms, office, • Some hotels offering to house overflow
• Avoid employees or customers being in a desk locations down regularly patients
proximity closer than 6 feet at all times throughout the day
* For a list of detailed plans and best practices developed by Utah businesses and industry associations visit: coronavirus.utah.gov
coronavirus.utah.gov 9
Data Appendix
Fiscal and Economic Measures
From 2009 to 2020, Utah and the nation experienced the immediately available options like reprioritizing current budget
longest, sustained economic expansion in history. Utah created allocations and drawing on operating reserves.
over 400,000 jobs, and unemployment dropped to a historic At the national level, the Federal Reserve continues to take
low. Utah has used this time to build up significant reserves immediate and aggressive monetary policy action to
that can help to support the economy and mitigate impacts to encourage economic activity, preserve liquidity, and protect
critical public services like education, public safety, transporta- the financial system. The U.S. government is enacting
tion, and public health and social safety-net programs. significant fiscal policies to assist individuals, businesses, and
Utah’s official rainy day funds (budget reserve and disaster state and local governments.
recovery accounts), “working” rainy day funds (cash This data appendix includes an accounting of Utah’s
appropriated for buildings and roads that can be replaced with reserve funds and federal monetary and fiscal policy, which
borrowing), and unemployment insurance trust fund balance are important elements in Utah’s economic recovery, as of
are at record levels. These reserves are in addition to March 23, 2020.
Rainy
Rainy DayDay Funds CumulativeUtah
Cumulative
Cumulative Utah JobGains
Utah
Job Gains
Jobs Gains
Rainy
Rainy Day
Day Cumulative Utah
CumulativeUtah Job
UtahJob Gains
JobGains
Gains
RainyDay
Rainy Day Cumulative
$1,000 $932 450
450
$1,000
$1,000
$1,000
$1,000 $894$932
$894 $932
$932
450
450
450
400 ++410K
410Kjobs
410K jobs
$803 $894
$894
$894 $932 400
400
400
400 +++410K jobs
410Kjobs
jobs
$800 $803 350
thousands
$800 $803
$803
$803 350
thousands
$800
$800
$800 $684 350
350
350
300
thousands
thousands
thousands
millions
$684 300
$millions
$684
$684
$570$684 300
300
300
millions
$600 250
$ millions
$$$millions
$741 $713
$713 7.0%
$millions
7.0%
7.0%
6.0%
millions
6.0%
$ millions
$600
$$$millions
$600 $554
$554 6.0%
5.0%
6.0%
6.0%
$600
$600
$600 $554 $473
$554 $455 $473
$554 5.0% U.S.,3.6%
3.6%
$401 $455 $473 5.0%
4.0%
5.0%
5.0% U.S.,
U.S., 3.6%
$400 $401 $455
$455
$455 $473
$473 4.0% U.S.,3.6%
U.S., 3.6%
$400 $401 4.0%
4.0%
4.0%
3.0%
$400
$400
$400 $401
$401 3.0%
$263
$263 3.0%
2.0%
3.0%
3.0%
$263
$263 2.0%
2.0% Utah,2.5%
Utah, 2.5%
$200 $128
$200 $161$263
$161 1.0%
2.0%
2.0%
1.0% Utah, 2.5%
Utah,2.5%
2.5%
$200 $128 $161 1.0% Utah,
$200 $128
$200 $128 $49
$128 $49 $161
$161 1.0%
1.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Jan-10
Jun-10
Nov-10
Apr-11
Sep-11
Feb-12
Jul-12
Dec-12
May-13
Oct-13
Mar-14
Aug-14
Jan-15
Jun-15
Nov-15
Apr-16
Sep-16
Feb-17
Jul-17
Dec-17
May-18
Oct-18
Mar-19
Aug-19
Jan-20
$0 $49
$49
$49 0.0%
Jan-10
Jun-10
Nov-10
Apr-11
Sep-11
Feb-12
Jul-12
Dec-12
May-13
Oct-13
Mar-14
Aug-14
Jan-15
Jun-15
Nov-15
Apr-16
Sep-16
Feb-17
Jul-17
Dec-17
May-18
Oct-18
Mar-19
Aug-19
Jan-20
$0
Jan-10
Jun-10
Nov-10
Apr-11
Sep-11
Feb-12
Jul-12
Dec-12
May-13
Oct-13
Mar-14
Aug-14
Jan-15
Jun-15
Nov-15
Apr-16
Sep-16
Feb-17
Jul-17
Dec-17
May-18
Oct-18
Mar-19
Aug-19
Jan-20
FY11 FY12 FY13
FY13 FY14
FY14 FY15
FY15 FY16
FY16 FY17
FY17 FY18
FY18 FY19
FY19 FY20
FY20 FY21
FY21
Jan-10
Jun-10
Nov-10
Apr-11
Sep-11
Feb-12
Jul-12
Dec-12
May-13
Oct-13
Mar-14
Aug-14
Jan-15
Jun-15
Nov-15
Apr-16
Sep-16
Feb-17
Jul-17
Dec-17
May-18
Oct-18
Mar-19
Aug-19
Jan-20
Jan-10
Jun-10
Nov-10
Apr-11
Sep-11
Feb-12
Jul-12
Dec-12
May-13
Oct-13
Mar-14
Aug-14
Jan-15
Jun-15
Nov-15
Apr-16
Sep-16
Feb-17
Jul-17
Dec-17
May-18
Oct-18
Mar-19
Aug-19
Jan-20
$0
$0$0 FY11 FY12
FY11 FY12
FY11FY12
FY11 FY13
FY12FY13 FY14
FY13FY14 FY15
FY14FY15 FY16
FY15FY16 FY17
FY16FY17 FY18
FY17FY18 FY19
FY18FY19 FY20
FY19FY20 FY21
FY20FY21
FY21
Source: Utah Governor’s Office of Management and Budget and Utah Office of the
Legislative Fiscal Analyst Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
UnemploymentInsurance
Unemployment InsuranceTrust
TrustFund
FundBalance
Balance
Unemployment
Unemployment
Unemployment
Unemployment InsuranceInsurance
Insurance
Insurance Trust Fund
TrustFund
Trust Trust Fund Balance
Balance
FundBalance
Balance
$1,168
$1,168
$1,200
$1,200 $1,122
$1,168
$1,168
$1,168
$1,200
$1,200
$1,200 $1,122
$1,073
$1,122
$1,073
$1,007
$1,073 $1,122
$1,122
$1,000 $1,007
$940$1,007 $1,073
$1,073
$1,000
$1,000 $940 $1,007
$1,007
$1,000
$1,000 $940
$940
$820$940
$820
millions
$800 $820
$millions
$800 $820
$820
millions
$ millions
$800
$$$millions
$800
$800 $657
$657
$600 $657
$657
$657
$600
$600 $459 $493
$600 $459
$600 $493
$493
$459
$459
$400 $459 $493
$352$493
$400
$400 $352
$293$352
$352
$400
$400 $293
$293 $352
$200 $293
$293
$200
$200
$200
$200
$0
$0
$0
$0 CY10 CY11
$0 CY10 CY11 CY12
CY12 CY13
CY13 CY14
CY14 CY15
CY15 CY16
CY16 CY17
CY17 CY18
CY18 CY19
CY19 CY20
CY20
CY10 CY11
CY10CY11
CY10 CY12
CY11CY12 CY13
CY12CY13 CY14
CY13CY14 CY15
CY14CY15 CY16
CY15CY16 CY17
CY16CY17 CY18
CY17CY18 CY19
CY18CY19 CY20
CY19CY20
CY20
Source: U.S. Department of the Treasury
Monetary
The Federal Reserve has made aggressive monetary moves March 16: Regulatory agencies encouraged banks to use
March 3: Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) cut discount window
Federal Funds Rate (FFR) 50 bps to 1.00-1.25%; March 17: Regulatory agencies encouraged banking
unanimous decision organizations to use capital and liquidity buffers
March 9: NY Fed increased overnight repo offering from March 17: Federal Reserve Board (FRB) established
$100B to $150B and increased two-week term repo Commercial Paper Funding Facility and Primary Dealer
operations from $20B to $45B Credit Facility
March 11: NY Fed increased overnight repo offering March 18: FRB established Money Market Mutual Fund
from $150B to $175B and added three one-month Liquidity Facility
term repo operations at $50B March 19: FRB expanded U.S. dollar liquidity swap
March 12: NY Fed switched reserve management arrangements to nine
purchases from T-bills to all Treasury securities, March 20: FRB and other major banks further enhance
introduced weekly one-month and three-month swap lines by increasing frequency of 7-day maturity
term repo operations at $500B each operations from weekly to daily
March 15: FOMC meeting Potential Additional Monetary Responses
• Cut FFR 100 bps to zero lower bound • Forward guidance to signal FFR will remain at 0%
(0.00-0.25%); Mester dissented • Additional purchases of Treasury and mortgage
• Restarted Quantitative Easing (QE); increased backed securities
Treasury and mortgage-backed securities (MBS) • Request authority from Congress to purchase
holdings by at least $500B and $200B corporate bonds
• Cut primary credit rate (discount window) • Purchase commercial paper
150 bps to 0.25% • Purchase short-term municipal bonds (six months or
• Depository institutions may borrow from discount less to maturity)
window for 90 days, repayable & renewable by the • Reinstate the the Money Market Investor Funding
borrower on a daily basis Facility, the Term Securities Lending Facility, and/or
• Reduced reserve requirement ratios to 0.00% Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility
• Reduced rate on standing U.S. dollar liquidity swaps
coronavirus.utah.gov 11
Glossary of Terms
Community spread/ transmission: Community spread means Quarantine: Separating and restricting the movement of well
people have been infected with a disease in an area, including people who may have been exposed to an infectious disease
some who are not sure how or where they became infected. to see if they become sick. These people may have been
Coronavirus: Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that are exposed to a disease and do not know it, or they may have the
fairly common both in people and animals. Coronavirus disease but do not show symptoms. This also helps reduce the
disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness that can spread spread of disease.
from person to person. The virus that causes coronavirus Mass gathering: Events attended by a number of people large
disease 2019 is a novel coronavirus that was first identified enough to strain the response resources of the community or
during an investigation into an outbreak in Wuhan, China. area where it is being held. These events usually do not allow
COVID-19: The name of the new coronavirus. for individuals participating in the events to keep a distance of
at least six feet from one another.
Droplet transmission/spread: Transmission or spread of an
infectious disease through an infected person’s cough or Shutdown order: A requirement from a government agency
sneeze. It is usually spread between people who are in close to close a business. The State of Utah has not issued a
contact with one another (within about 6 feet). shutdown order.
Epidemic: A disease can be declared an epidemic when it Social distancing: Measures taken to reduce person-to-
spreads over a wide area and many individuals are taken ill at person contact in a given community, with a goal to stop or
the same time. slow down the spread of an infectious disease. Measures
include working from home, keeping a distance of six feet
Pandemic: A pandemic is a type of epidemic with greater between individuals, closing offices and schools, canceling
range and coverage than an epidemic, or an outbreak of a events, using telemedicine, and limiting mass gatherings.
disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects an
extremely high percentage of the population. State of emergency: A declaration by a local, state or federal
government that allows for that government to take steps to
Flattening the curve: Slowing the spread of disease so that respond to an emergency by using special powers to divert
fewer people need to seek treatment at any given time. The funding from one area to another and to get funding from the
curve represents the number of cases over time, and a slower federal government. Utah proactively declared a state of
infection rate means a less stressed healthcare system, fewer emergency on March 6, 2020.
hospital visits on any given day and fewer sick people being
turned away. Transmission rate: The rate of how quickly a disease spreads.
This is determined by how many people each individual with
Flattening the dip: Reducing the economic impacts associated the virus is likely to infect and the time between one person
with the necessary public health response to flatten the curve. developing the symptoms of a condition and a second person
High-risk: People or groups of people may be considered at becoming infected and developing symptoms.
high risk for getting an infection or disease and becoming
seriously ill based on several factors, including their health
status (i.e., heart, lung or kidney disease, diabetes, weakened
immune system, pregnancy, obesity), age, and living
environment (long-term care facility).
Isolation: Separating and restricting the movement of sick
people who have an infectious disease from those who are
healthy. Isolation restricts the movement of sick people to help
reduce the spread of disease. This may occur at home or in
healthcare facilities.