Problem 1:

A rectangular channel 5 m wide carries a discharge of 100 m3/s at normal depth. The
channel is running on a slope of 0.005 m/m and has a Manning n value of 0.035.
Determine the normal depth for this situation.
Problem 2:
A trapezoidal channel with a bottom width of 10 ft and side slope of 2H/1V has a normal
depth of 4.87 ft. If the channel is laid on a slope of 0.0025 and has a roughness
coefficient of 0.030, what is the discharge?
Problem 3:
a) If flow variations with respect to time are taken as the criteria, what are the flow
classifications or types?

b) If flow variations with respect to space are taken as the criteria, what are the flow
classifications or types?

c) If Froude number is taken as the criterion, what are the various flow types?

d) If Reynolds number is taken as the criterion, what are the various flow types?

e) Is it possible to have – circle the correct answer:

a. Laminar, unsteady, and non-uniform flow [Y] [N]

b. Laminar, steady, and uniform flow [Y] [N]

c. Turbulent, steady, subcritical, uniform flow [Y] [N]

d. Laminar, steady, subcritical, and non –uniform flow [Y] [N]

e. Turbulent, unsteady, subcritical, and non-uniform flow [Y] [N]

f. Turbulent, unsteady, supercritical, and non-uniform flow [Y] [N]

Problem #4:
A. Define “Hydraulic Control”

B. Define “Specific Energy”

C. Froude Number is a ratio between ____________ forces and ______________

forces. When Froude number is larger than one, the flow is called __________,
and when it is less than one, the flow is called ______________.

D. Draw the Specific Energy Diagram. Label the axes and show:
a. The minimum energy level
b. The critical depth
c. The alternate depths
d. The direction of increasing q
Problem #5: Consider a uniform flow of water with discharge of 27 cfs in a 4-ft wide
rectangular channel at a depth of 2.00 ft.
(a) Is the flow subcritical or supercritical?
(b) If a hump (step up) of height 0.3 ft is placed in the bottom,
calculate the water depth downstream of the hump. Neglect head
loss due to the hump.
(c) What is the maximum hump size without affecting the upstream
flow conditions?
Problem #6: The water cross-sectional area in the figure below measures 191 ft2, and the
wetted perimeter is 39 ft. If the flow is 1580 cfs and n = 0.012, find the slope.

Problem #7: Water flows with a velocity of 4 ft/s and at a depth of 2 ft in a wide
rectangular channel. Is the flow subcritical or supercritical? Find the alternate depth for
the same discharge and specific energy.
Problem #8: Water flows down a wide rectangular channel of concrete (n = 0.014) laid
on a slope of 2.4 mm/m. Find the depth and rate of flow for critical conditions.

Problem #9: Water flows at 15 ft/s in a rectangular channel at a depth of 2 ft. Find the
critical depth for (a) this specific energy, (b) this rate of discharge
Problem 10: Water is stored behind a sluice gate which is located in a rectangular 10 ft
wide channel. The water depth immediately downstream of the gate (section 0) is 0.75
ft. A hydraulic jump occurs at some distance downstream of the gate. The flow depths
immediately upstream (section 1) and immediately downstream (section 2) of the
hydraulic jump are 1 foot and 5 feet, respectively. What is the water depth “D”
immediately upstream of the sluice gate?
Problem 11: A wide channel carries a unit discharge of 2.2 m2/s. A hydraulic jump is
formed in the channel, after which the depth of flow is found to be 2.1 m. Find the
critical depth, the depth upstream of the jump, the energy lost in the jump, and the power
lost through the jump per unit width of the channel. (Power lost = γ q ∆E. The specific
weight of water (γ) = 9810 N/m3)
Problem 12: Water is flowing at a velocity of 10 ft/s and a depth of 10 ft in a channel of
rectangular section. Find the change in depth and change in water level produced by (a) a
smooth upward step of 1 ft; (b) a smooth downward step of 1 ft in the channel bed. Also
(c) find the maximum allowable size of upward step for the upstream flow to be possible
as specified.
Problem 13: The upstream conditions are as in problem 7, and the width is 10 ft. Find
the change in depth and in absolute water level produced by (a) a smooth contraction to a
width of 9 ft; (b) a smooth expansion in width to 11 ft. Also (c) find the greatest
allowable contraction in width for the upstream flow to be possible as specified.
Problem 14: Consider two channels one with Mild slope and another Horizontal.

For each of these channels:

1) Draw a sketch for each zone (1, 2, 3); realize that some channels may not have all
three zones.
2) For each zone, draw the critical depth and the normal depth (if it exists)
3) For each zone, use the profile equation, and show how the depth would increase
or decrease