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 NATIONAL CERTIFICATE

ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4
(15070434)

15 July 2020 (X-paper)

09:00–12:00

This question paper consists of 11 pages, 1 formula sheet and 1 information sheet.

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(15070434) -2-

DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4
TIME: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Answer all the questions.

2. Read all the questions carefully.

3. Number the answers according to the numbering system used in this

question paper.

4. Start each section on a new page.

5. Take g= 9,8 m/s 2

6. Work neatly.

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SECTION A: GENERAL

QUESTION 1

1.1 Define each of the following:

1.1.1 Braking force

1.1.2 Elasticity
(2 × 1) (2)

1.2 Name TWO types of stresses. (2)

1.3 State TWO characteristics of pressure in a liquid. (2)

1.4 State each of the following:

1.4.1 Function of hydraulic accumulator (2)

1.4.2 Boyle's law (2)

1.5 Draw a stress/strain table of the data below obtained from a tensile test on a
square bar of 60 mm and original length of 1 m.

NOTE:
Stress (MPa)
Strain (×10-5)

Load (kN) 0 11,52 23,04 34,56

Extension (mm) 0 0,0152 0,0448 0,0732
(6 × ½) (3)
[13]

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QUESTION 2

Various options are given as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the
correct answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question number (1.1–1.11)
in the ANSWER BOOK.

2.1 The direction of a plane flying from N60°E is …

A W30°S.
B W60°S.
C E30°N.
D E60°N. (1)

2.2 A plane flies at 200 km/h east when it is blown off course by a south-westerly
wind.

NOTE: VO: velocity of object/plane; VW : velocity of wind; RV: resultant velocity

Which ONE of the velocity vector diagrams below represents the information
above?

A B

C D

(2)

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2.3

The sketch above shows the plane flying at 150 km/h W38,6°N when it is
blown off course by a wind at 100 km/h N28°E.

NOTE: Vo: velocity of object/plane; Vw: velocity of wind; Rv: resultant velocity

The correct resultant velocity of the plane is…

A 180,278 km/h N40°W.

B 194,983 km/h W50°N.
C 180,278 km/h W51,4°N.
D 194,983 km/h W38,6°N. (2)

2.4 If air is quickly let out of a plastic ball the air will push forward and the plastic
ball will move backward.

This is an example of the application of …

A Newton’s first law of motion.

B Newton’s second law of motion.
C Newton’s third law of motion.
D the law of conservation of energy. (1)

2.5 When a canon is projected on the moon, it will keep on moving nonstop
unless it hits another object on the way:

A Newton’s first law of motion

B Newton’s second law of motion
C Newton’s third law of motion
D Law of conservation of energy (1)

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2.6 Characteristic of liquid:

A Liquid takes the shape of its container.
B Liquid depends on a pressure.
C Water and hydraulic fluid can be used once.
D Liquid has no definite volume. (1)

2.7 Pressure of 200 Pa would be exerted on a square bar with 50 cm sides at a

force of …

A 10 N.
B 30 N
C 50 N
D 80 N (2)

2.8 The kelvin equivalent of 30 °C is …

A 243 K.
B 273 K.
C 303 K.
D 293 K. (1)

2.9 Boyle’s law:

A At a constant temperature, the pressure exerted on a gas is directly

proportional to the volume.
B At a constant pressure, the volume is directly proportional to the
temperature.
C At a constant temperature, the pressure is inversely proportional to the
volume.
D At a constant pressure, the volume is inversely proportional to the
temperature. (1)

2.10 A square container with a volume of 0,238 x 10-3m3 and a temperature of

100 K expands and increases its volume by 1,05 x 10-4 m3 while the
temperature rises by 150 K. The coefficient of volume expansion of the
square container is …

A 26,471x10-4 /K
B 88235 x10-4 /K
C 29,412 x10-4 /K
D 44,118 x10-4 /K (2)

2.11 Word describing a material subjected to excessive internal state of stress due
to external force:

A Elasticity
B Stress
C Tension
D Strain (1)
[15]

TOTAL SECTION A: 28

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SECTION B

QUESTION 3: KINEMATICS

3.1 An enemy fighter ship at sea 58 km away and approaching the eastern coast
was hit in 100 seconds by a cannon firing from the ground at 950 m/s.

Determine the angle at which the cannon was launched. (4)

3.2 A fighter plane Q flies east at 220 km/h while fighter plane P flies in the
direction W35°N. The velocity of fighter plane P relative to fighter plane Q is
425,002 km/h E33°N.

Determine the velocity of fighter plane P. (5)

[9]

QUESTION 4: ANGULAR MOTION

4.1 The flywheel of a certain object has a rotational frequency of 11,231 rad/s,
and uniformly retards to rest in 12 seconds.

Determine each of the following:

4.1.1 Angular retardation

4.1.2 Angular displacement of flywheel

4.1.3 Number of revolutions of flywheel

(3 × 2) (6)

4.2 The engine of a vehicle acquires power of 50 kW at a torque of 240 N.

Calculate the speed in r/min. (2)

[8]

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QUESTION 5: DYNAMICS

A 20 m

B
C
30o

FIGURE 1

In FIGURE 1 a spherical object with a mass of 800 kg is stationery on top of a

frictionless slope of 30°. The length of the slope is 20 m.

The object moves down on its own to the bottom of the slope and then horizontally for
13 m to stop at C.

Calculate each of the following:

5.1 Velocity of object when hitting the bottom of the slope. Only use the theory of
conservation of energy. (2)

5.2 Deceleration of object on the horizontal path (2)

5.3 Frictional force on the horizontal path (2)

5.4 Total time on horizontal path of 13 m (1)

5.5 Kinetic energy of object at point C (2)

[9]

QUESTION 6: STATICS

6.1 A beam of 10 m with a mass of 15 kg is supported by P and Q. P is 3 m from

the right side of the beam while Q is 7 m away from Q.

6.1.1 Make a detailed sketch of the beam. (1)

6.1.2 Determine the magnitude of the supports. (2)

6.1.3 Draw a detailed shear-force diagram. (2)

6.1.4 Determine the bending moment at the principal points to use when
drawing a correct bending moment diagram. (3)

6.1.5 Draw a bending moment diagram in detail. (2)

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6.2

12 cm

50 cm

20 cm

60 cm

FIGURE 2

FIGURE 2 shows a lamina with an 8 cm diameter hole.

Determine the position of the centre of the lamina from the y-axis. (5)
[15]

TOTAL SECTION B: 41

SECTION C

QUESTION 7: HYDRAULICS

7.1 An irrigation system drains a dam with dimensions of 15 m, 22 m and 30 m if

the pressure used is 550 kPa.

Determine each of the following:

7.1.1 Amount of work needed to drain the dam (3)

7.1.2 Time in minutes to drain the dam if a power of 450 kW is applied (2)

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7.2 The diameter of a ram is three times that of the plunger, while the stroke
length of the plunger is 80 mm. The mechanical advantage of the lever is 22.

Calculate each of the following:

7.2.1 Force applied by lever to lift a load of 2,2 Mg if the efficiency is

91 % (4)

7.2.2 Number of pumping strokes if the diameter of the ram is 330 mm,
the efficiency is 91% and the volume delivered is 25,811 × 10-3 m3 (3)

7.3 A double-cylinder single-action piston pump with a diameter of 70 mm and a

stroke length of 150 mm is designed to deliver water at a rate of
0,027 litres/second.

Determine the operating speed in r/min if the efficiency is 94%. (3)

[15]

QUESTION 8: STRESS, STRAIN, AND YOUNG'S MODULUS OF ELASTICITY

8.1 Study the daigram and answer the questions.

[Source: trunstutors.com]

8.1.1 Explain what happens at the region OA. (2)

8.1.2 Explain what happens at the region B (elastic limit). (2)

8.2 A compressive force of 130 kN is applied to a steel square with sides of

110 mm.

Calculate each of the following:

8.2.1 Stress in the material (2)

8.2.2 Strain if Young’s modulus of elasticity of the material is 210 GPa. (2)
[8]

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(15070434) -11-

QUESTION 9: HEAT

9.1 A ball of a certain material with a volume of 1,2 m3 increases its volume by
0,002 m3 when the temperature rises by 46,3 °C.

Calculate each of the following:

9.1.1 Calculate the coefficient of linear expansion of the material of the

ball. (2)

9.1.2 Of what material is the ball made? (1)

9.2 A room is filled with a gas with a mass of 0,8 kg at 26 °C. The gas constant is
288 J/kg K.

Determine the volume of gas in the room. (2)

9.3 A vessel has air at a temperature of 26 °C and a volume of 3 m3 which

increases to 4,7m3 while the pressure remains constant.

9.3.1 Determine the new temperature. (2)

9.3.2 State the law applicable in QUESTION 9.3.1. (1)

[8]

TOTAL SECTION C: 31
GRAND TOTAL: 100

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(15070434) -12-

ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4

FORMULA SHEET

Any other applicable formula may also be used.

Q = mcDt
u2 n = u + at
L= sin 2q
g Dl = loaDt
n 2 = u 2 + 2as
u
tL = 2 sin q b = 2a
g 1
s = ut + at 2
s 2 g = 3a
V=
t
P = Fn P1V1 P2V2
=
T1 T2
q = 2pn Fa = ma

S = Rq PV = mRT
E p = mgh
x
w = 2pN Î=
l
1
q Ek = mv 2
w= 2 s
t E=
u +n
n ave = Î
w 2 = w1 + at 2
F
w 22 = w12 + 2aq F s =
P= A
1 A
q = w1t + at 2 m = r ´ vol
2 Fl
E=
n = wR Ax
P = rgh
n = pDn A1 y1 ± A2 y2 ...
y=
Wr D 2 A1 ± A2 ...
a = aR =
Fp d 2
t = FR y=
n1 y1 ± n 2 y2 ...
Fp 100 n1 ± n 2 ...
Work = tq = WD M.A = . = H .V
Fh h
P = 2pnT Centroid of half circle 0,424r
h
100 Centroid of triangle is C =
n2 = u2 + 2as Vs = Va. 3
h
P = Tw Centre of gravity half circle is G =
3
r
8
N Work . = Press ´ Vol = A .V .
n=
60

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(15070434) -13-

ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4

INFORMATION SHEET

PHYSICAL CONSTANTS

QUANTITY CONSTANTS
Atmospheric pressure 101,3 kPa
Density of copper 8 900 kg/m3
Density of aluminium 2 770 kg/m3
Density of gold 19 000 kg/m3
Density of alcohol (ethyl) 790 kg/m3
Density of mercury 13 600 kg/m3
Density of platinum 21 500 kg/m3
Density of water 1 000 kg/m3
Density of mineral oil 920 kg/m3
Density of air 1,05 kg/m3
Electrochemical equivalent of silver 1,118 mg/C
Electrochemical equivalent of copper 0,329 mg/C
Gravitational acceleration 9,8 m/s2
Heat value of coal 30 MJ/kg
Heat value of anthracite 35 MJ/kg
Heat value of petrol 45 MJ/kg
Heat value of hydrogen 140 MJ/kg
Linear coefficient of expansion of copper 17 × 10-6/°C
Linear coefficient of expansion of aluminium 23 × 10-6/°C
Linear coefficient of expansion of steel 12 × 10-6/°C
Linear coefficient of expansion of lead 54 × 10-6/°C
Specific heat capacity of steam 2 100 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of water 4 187 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of aluminium 900 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of oil 2 000 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of steel 500 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of copper 390 J/kg.°C

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