THE PRACTICAL ILLUSTRATED ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ORIG AMI THE COMPLETE GUIDE TO THE ART OF PAPERFOLDING OVER 80 CLASSIC AND INNOVATIVE STEP-BY-STEP ORIGAMI PROJECTS, DESIGNED BY THE WORLD’S LEADING ORIGAMISTS ee FROM TRADITIONAL FLOWERS AND ANIMALS TO TRICKS AND ACTION ORIGAMI, SHOWN IN MORETHAN 1500 PHOTOGRAPHS Pieters)THE PRACTICAL ILLUSTR. ENCYCLOPEDIA OFTHE PRACTICAL ILLUSTRATED ENCYCLOPEDIA OF chilch into a career and since 1990 has b working as an origami expert. In Rick has given hundreds of w corporate entertainer, written several books: crigami and napkin folding, and designe origami art entertainment to a huge ard a Yell 77 ensured that the animation company involved Won 2 Go Rose of Montreux award. Rid 88-89 Blackfriars Road A In SE] BHATHE PRACTICAL ILLUSTRATED ENCYCLOPEDIA OFTHE PRACTICAL ILLUSTRATED ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ORIGAMI OF PAPERFOLDING RICK BEECH LORENZ BOOKS‘This edition published by Lorene Books. an imprint of Anness Publishing Lid Hermes Heute, 85-197 Blacknae Rows London SEL SHA: ‘el O10 740) 2077. ox 20 7612 9499 nwoorensbonks om: vaannesspubsehing com If you ke the images in this book and would She to investigate using them for publishing promotions or adverting please vet cur webste warepracicapicuresiom fer mare information UK agent"The Manning Partnership Li 11225 470444: fe 01225 478440, aleehmanning artnershipcouk Uk dsritor: Grantham Book Serves 3c 1. 0147% 541080: fx 01476 $4 106: orderdgbstos cou North American agentcstibutor: Natenal Book Netware 1301 459 3366 fx 301 429 5746 warunbnbookscom ‘Australian apervdstributor: Pan Macrilan Ausal: tal 1300 35113; fr 1500 135 103 casteomarservce@maemilancem ay New Zealand agetSsributor David Bateman (tet tel (09) 15 7664 fox (09) 415 552 Publisher Joznna Lorenz Managing Editor Judith Simons ‘Art Manager Clare Reynolds Project Editor Charlotte Berman Photography. 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Prevousty publsned ss 4 Handoak af Oram PUBLISHER'S NOTE [Although the ace ad fermion inthis toni ae ekesed Tobe accurate and rue at the ime of gn to press neither the Tuthors mor the publer xn acct any lel responsbity or labley fr any eves cr exis ht may be madeintroduction Welcome to this comprehensive volume devoted to the beautiful ancient Japanese art of ‘origami. or 2s it may more commonly be known, paperfolding. In postwar England, enthuslests were introduced to the art via the Rupert Beer ennuals, which featured a character also illustrated in the Daily Express. The illustrations were by Alfred Bestall, who was keen origami enthusiast, and he often ilveduged he a7 nt tha Ra stories, Chance meetings with Japanese students or lovers of magic tricks and novelties also provided an introduction to origami. Many will remember seeing the inepining television show hosted by Robert Harbin in the 19705. However you discover the art, you will alveys be grateful that you iid. Paperfolding is 2 deove Runes Beer folsng delightful experience, ‘8 origami bie an intellectual challenge, an entertainment, an opportunity to share ideas. and a thing of beauty, and therefore, according to Keats, “a joy for ever" as o Ce What is origami? (Origami is the Japanese ars of paperfolding, the name deriving from two Japanese words, “ori” meaning to fold, and “kami” meaning paper. Dictionaries often suggest that iris the are in which bird forms and other models are folded from paper. From this brief description or from childhood memories, you may be forgiven for thinking that origami is limited to paper planes, waterbombs and forcune tellers. As you will soon discover, the traditional origami fold advanced considerably ig continues, but the art has also the last 30 ro 40 years, so chat a iyi apeine a oi egg enue pel Origami is not limited to using only paper. Over the yeuts, enthusiasts dhroughout the world have experimented with all kinds of macetials while sill adhering to the principles of folding. Lane Allen (USA), for example, has introduced Orikane. This entails folding models from several varieties of fine metal gauze. This macerial has two obvious differences from standard origami paper: ir cin be moulded and curved, which opens up a variety of creative possibilities, Another American, Jeremy Shafer, designed pair of working Nail Clippers after folding the model from a very fine Japanese foil paper, he went on to develop a version made out of similarly fine metal sheeting, David Brill (UK) surprised the folding comsnunity several years ago with his Ship in a Boctle, which required he bottle ta bbe made of something transparent; he found the iseal BELOW Miniature origami models on dleplay at The ‘Onigam’ Galley in Tokyo.jonsticky acetate sheet hook covering sold This material is also used by Mee who folds several unit modular picees of smettic forms made by joining many of paper), which she then encases in a ‘The Durch are particularly fond of there they create two-dimensional mosaic sexbag wrappers, while dinnee ways been popular around the word. ‘Ssasy materials that are suitable for folding, and enjoyment adapting whae you will cs, different regular polyhedra and Nex are you limited to the number of sheers the mere mention of the words unlikely to agree that the odd slit Inerodvesion 7 haere and there ro help make a fold possible is true origami. So, designing origami can be « complex procedure, as you try to realize your idea while aking account of the restrictions imposed by the medium. Materials Paper is everywhere, and is among the cheapest and most common materials you can think of, Iris available in 2 range of thicknesses and with a widely varying ability ro hold creases, and so the choice of paper to use for origami is very important. Suggestions have been given for a suitable paper 10 use for each project, bur your own experiments and initiative will be a factor as you practise folding more and more models. Do not be discouraged if you choose a particular kind of paper only to find that, for whatever reason, itis not really suitable for that project. In Fact, you may need to fold two or three practice versions before deciding on che paper you feel is best for your final model. You will become a paper connoisseur as you discover the wealth of choice while you shop around. Even if you have no immediate use for particular paper, but love its colour or texture, buy it and add ic to your collection, One day just che right model will come along.A History the Art With the advent of paper came paperfolding, and for over 2,000 years origami has been a source of interest, enjoyment and intellectual stimulation for adults and children alike, In recent times origami has also become an educational rool, and a symbol of peace and remembrance, while for millions of people all over the world paperfolding continues to be an unrivalled pastime.Paperfolding originated in China around the Ist or 2nd century AD, and reached Japan in the 6th century. It began as an arc which, like many others in Japanese culture, was based on suggestion rather than realism: a few simple creases that evoked the spisit of an animal, a lowes, oF & bird, for example, rather than producing a decailed representation The Japanese tradition Over the following generations, origami would become familiar in many’ aspects of Japanese culture, By the Heian period, from 794-1185, origami was a significant part of the ceremonial life ofthe Japanese nobiliry. Samucai ~warviors would exchange gifts adorned with neshi — good luck tokens of folded paper and strips of abalone (shellfish) or dried meat. Shinto noblemen celebrated ‘weddings with glasses of sake decorated with male and female paper busterfies, cepresenting the bride and groom. Teacceremony masters reevived their diplomas specially folded for secrecy; once the wrapping had been opened, ic could not be refolded without excra ereases being addled, swhich would shew she document had already been seen ‘When paper became inexpensive enough to be used by everyone, origami assumed a new ceremonial role, as a means of social stratification. During the Muromachi period, 1338-1573, origami styles served co distinguish clases among the In the Tokugawa period, 1603 1867, a democratization of origami A contemporary occurred, as version of a Japanese art Japanese noshi and culuute lait Ancient Japanese woodblock showing @ ‘magician who, ccording to legend, folded a Napping bird 80 realistic that took fight blossomed. This period saw the ‘emergence of the bird base as documented in the oldest surviving publication on origami, the Senbazuru Orikata (How to Fold a Thousand Cranes), A base isa set of folds, in this case representing 2 bied, from which other, more elaborate, bind designs could be created. In 1845 the Kan mo mado (Window on Midwinter) was published, che first comprehensive collection of origami figures A symbol of peace After che atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima in 1945, killing over 75,000 people, radiation sickness and various forms of cancer began claiming even more lives. One such was Sadako Sasaki, who was diagnosed with leukaemia in 1955. She had been ewo years old at the time of the blast, and was apparently unhure despice being only a mile and a half away from the epicentre of the explosion. Ten years larerso many children were being, diagnosed with leukaemia that it had became known as "“Acbomb disease.” ‘While Sadako was in hospital a friend folded her 2 uuadicional origami crane. This was a highly symbolic gift because the crane, which is a sacred bird in Japan, is believed to live for a thousand years and to have the power of granting wishes. Anyone who folds a thousand, cranes wil have their wish granted.nicren's Pesce Monument at Hiros a sands of paper cranes cranes wich every bir of paper she of her wishes were for healeh, buc jan wishing instead for world she died, she had folded 644 cranes; sd che remaining cranes. They later Seb and began raising money for a monument, Som over 3,000 schools in Japan and from nine sss gave donations, and chree years lacer, in -¢ Monument was unveiled in Park. Now every year on 6 August, noraced and people from all over the Beat eaves crancs to the park. h parallel « che only ones co cultivate the art of. ned simultaneously by the ling to Spain during theic rntury AD. The Moors were excellent ‘Traditions and Innovations 1 ‘machematicians and astronomers, and intradhuced the theory of paperfolding as aid to reaching the principles of geometry. Their activity flourished in the 13th cencury and the traditions of paperfolding survive to the present day. Ir was practised and documented by the and poet Miguel de Unamuno (1864-1936). Spanish philosopher Origami today In the Wes, origami guined the reputation of being lie smote than a childs pastime, and never achieved satus as an art. For generations, European and American schoalehild n have grows up familar with wavezbombs and flapping birds, jumping frogs and rene tellers, Hostever, more recently, enthusiasts from all over the world have begun to secognize origami as an intellectual purse, as well as « highly creative and fashionable e In 1967 the British Origami Society in England was formed. It evolved from the Poctfolio Society, which had a privately circulated newslerter. Following @ suggestion by ‘Tim Ward and Trevor Harchett in the Southern Portfolio Notebook, it was decided chat 2 new society should be formed for fellow origami enchusiasts, and a magazine produced co be distributed countrywide among its members ‘The early days were very exciting for David Lister Its Walker, Sydney French and others, a they began te correspond with Lillian Oppenheimer in che United States ‘of America, and Akira Yoshizawa in Japan, together with other devorees of the art. The boundaries ia the complexity of origami creations began to broaden, and, by the mid-1970s, ic was realized that differenc techniques and folding methods could be applied to the paper, whereas, in the past, only designs originating from traditional bases had been used rout A stylized Meorigh origami Socignral milestone discoveries, by folders such as Fred Rohm and Neal Elias in the United Staves, and Max Hul that no subject was nd David Brill in the United Kingdam, proved ond tackling where an origami representation was concerned. Indeed, many modern 5s hegan co create sheir own bases. This extended the variety of models thar could he made, Elias devised a system known as box-pleating, where paper is collapsed into a concertina. By using 45-degree b subject is produced fram the same sheet of paper, for ithin chese folds, a whole range of animals and an figures can be created. Sometimes more than one cxample, a Matador and Bull, Chinaman Pulling a Rickshaw oF a Mother with Pram. Rohm invented the Simplex base, which enabled an action model of a Snake Charmer with Snake ro be folded. Compecitions among creative designers have also progressed on to new heights: in the carly 1990s a worldwide challenge was ised ro designers to produce wosk on the theme of Alice in Wonderland, models, whether individual pieces er collective dioramas, had to conform to Sir Jon Tennie!’s rawings from the original Lewis Carroll books. - * 2 ‘AsovE Alfred Bestel, president of the Brtish Origami Society (1978-1986), demonstrating the importance of perseverance 1 and dedteation 2 5 sove A fine example of modular folding: this example is by David Mitohal= however, the “less-is-more” philosophy See a> Folders, due ro the emphasis Western origami ru == technique rather than aesthetic beauty fold the working Cuckoo Clocks ae Lang, out of one sheer of paper, others mie = ion from making simple es 4s and their many variations. Long-standing Be ec Society member, John Smich, has 2c he terms Pureland Origami, where only valley folds. Paul Jackson is ction of light and dark on simple Jopts a minimalist approach in his cchatically challenging to produce a is a different discipline to invent fold elephan -ni became popular in the early 1990s. Iris So = Scsign complex origami models comprised om simply by inserting the point of we pocket of another. The incerest and om: sdular origami continues to escalate, $0 om as se by Tom Hall, consise of Traditions and Innovations From straight lines to soft curves Origami is, by its very nacure, based on geomecry ~ every crease isa straight line. This is bonus when fold inanimate or stylized models, where the main abject accuracy. However, for animate objects curved suefaces are the norm and straight lines che exception and in ovder 10 create a lifelike model a different approach is required, ‘The move into fally thrce-dimensional folding was initiated by che Japanese Master, Akita Yoshizawa. His overriding aim was to capture the essence of his subject rather than simply reproducing all che detailed feacates To do this he introduced owo key concepts, folding softly and wee folding Most origami projects require the folder to make each crease as shatp as possible so that there is either a firm crease oF no crease at all. Yoshizawa suggested thar some 25 should be made more softly chan others, allowing finished model co posiess « whole spectrum of creases, from sharp through to very gentle, However, the technical problem of addi esis that they do not read stay in place, and therefore the completed works ar and temporay Yoshizawa overcame this by wet foldingipened paper which recained irs shape he sceret behind this technique lies in the ive, called sizing, which binds the paper and provides the stiffness. Damping the the sizing, separating che fibres and Teasing py and malleable. As che paper dries our the ew position paper with soluble sizing is appropriate, and, in cher types of paper are best, such as artis = Asa technique, however, wet folding is sil by amany Folders bisa of ss aavoratit paper isdlffcule ro handle and easy x Ths fooscned fibres will separate easily, especially to be folded simultaneously. The ly in the direction of the fibres, = also a problem. In addition, due to ifficult ro make models paper, ici plex folds or numerous layers of paper. What's the appeal? orem come and go, and designers may rent aspects of the art at various times, nz work of 2 similar nature, be it animal folds, or shat you have it within you to try © models, remember chat these seca to be sought among origami designers: here are ‘Aaove Vee of flowers by Ara Yoshizaws, 1983orated Christmas tree entrances sks up one morning and declare their Szsing an origami elephant. Then there are ind with the paper uncl inspired as ater take, Both approaches can be ami, so you will find it an invaluable -g the young. For the commuter and way to pass a journey, you fold while on a bus, a vain, long before you have a cransfixed also much fun to be had in preparing and other functions, and your with your skill and dexterity re practical origami, nad challenging multi-piece Traditions and innovations 115 HOW TO USE THIS BOOK Start atthe beginning, end give yourself time te become familor with al you need to know in proparation for modal making, This nchides studying the fllowang aeenons on Techniques and Base Fobls, Only when you have leaned these procedures thoroughly con you vonfidontly start making the designs in this beck to a standord that wil please and catey you, Each chapter is ercanized so thet it begins with snp projects that progress towards more challenging designs: While you ae Fleing, consider what 4g commonly known as the Look Ahead rue: when you are follovang indivi ustretions, 8 sinaye wre® to look oto tines steps ahead, to see how things should tum fut, Sometimes, even tur tothe fal steps for any partcular medal you might be folding, so that you can see the completed project this wil ancourage yeu enormously. Do net alow ‘yoursato boome Hlscouraged: porsovere, try and try again, tke your lime, and enjoy your folding ANGHT A etrng of 1,000 eranes folded by members of the riish Organ Seciety