MCQ Question Bank

Unit - 3

1-Geothermal energy is the thermal energy present

(A) On the surface of the earth

(B) In the interior of the earth
(C) On the surface of the ocean
(D) None of the above

2-The following is (are) the visible sign(s) of the large amount of heat lying in the earth’s interior.

(A) Volcanoes
(B) Geysers
(C) Hot springs
(D) All of the above

3-The centre of earth is estimated to have a high temperature of about

(A) 1,000 K
(B) 4,000 K
(C) 6,000 K
(D) 10,000 K

4-The molten rock within the earth is

(A) Igneous
(B) Magma
(C) Sedimentary
(D) Metamorphic

5-The following is (are) type(s) of Geothermal resource

(A) Hydrothermal
(B) Hot dry rock
(C) Geopressurised
(D) All of the above

6-When the water is ejected from earth’s interior in the form of hot water, it is called

(A) Geyser
(B) Hot springs
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of the above
7-Water boils underground in a hydrothermal when it has pressure of about ____ atm and temperature
of about ____ °C.

(A) 3, 100
(B) 5, 120
(C) 6, 140
(D) 7, 165

8-In dry steam hydrothermal plant, we use

(A) Carnot cycle

(B) Brayton cycle
(C) Rankine Cycle
(D) None of the above

9-In which of the following type(s) of plant(s) refrigerant is used as working medium

(A) Vapour dominated plant

(B) Liquid dominated high temperature plant
(C) Liquid dominated low temperature plant
(D) All of the above

10-The following plant runs on binary cycle

(A) Vapour dominated plant

(B) Liquid dominated high temperature plant
(C) Liquid dominated low temperature plant
(D) All of the above

11-The efficiency of geothermal plant is about

(A) 5%
(B) 15%
(C) 25%
(D) 35%

12-Hydrothermal fluids are _____ in nature.

(A) Corrosive
(B) Abrasive
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of the above

ANSWERS:
1-(B), 2-(D), 3-(D), 4-(B), 5-(D), 6-(B), 7-(D), 8-(C), 9-(C), 10-(C), 11-(B), 12-(C)
13- The process of producing energy by utilizing heat trapped inside the earth surface is called _______
a) Hydrothermal energy
b) Geo-Thermal energy
c) Solar energy
d) Wave energy

Answer: b
Explanation: The process of producing energy by utilizing heat trapped inside the earth surface is called Geo
thermal energy. Energy present as heat in the earth’s crust. The more readily accessible heat in the upper most
(10 km) or so, of the crust constitutes a potentially useful and almost inexhaustible source of energy.
14-How much is the average temperature at depth of 10 km of earth surface?
a) 200oC
b) 900oC
c) 650oC
d) 20oC

Answer: a
Explanation: The heat is apparent from the increase in temperature of the earth with increasing depth below the
surface. Although higher and lower temperature occurs, the average temperature at depth of 10 km is about
200oC.
15- What is hot molten rock called?
a) Lava
b) Magma
c) Igneous rocks
d) Volcano

Answer: b
Explanation: Magma is a mixture of molten or semi-molten rock, volatiles and solid that is found beneath the
surface of the Earth, and is expected to exist on other terrestrial planets and some natural satellites. Besides
molten rock, magma may also contain suspended crystals, dissolved gas and sometimes gas bubbles.
16- How many kinds of Geo thermal steams are there?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5

Answer: a
Explanation: There are two kinds of geo thermal steams, the one that originates from the magma is called
magmatic steam and that from ground water heated by magma is called meteoritic steam. The latter is the
largest source of geothermal steam.
17- What does EGS stand for in geothermal energy?
a) Engraved Geothermal systems
b) Enhanced geothermal system
c) Exhaust gas system
d) Engineered geo physical system

Answer: b
Explanation: The development of a geothermal system where hydraulic fracturing of the system can allow the
production at a commercial level. EGS’s are engineered reservoirs created where there is geothermal energy
but a lack of permeability. Fluid is injected into the earth‘s surface which causes pre-existing fractures to open
again, creating permeability. Nationwide potential with engineered reservoirs 6-km to 8-km deep.
18- Who invented first geothermal plant?
a) Michael Faraday
b) Piero Ginori Conti
c) Enrico Fermi
d) Guglielmo Marconi

Answer: b
Explanation: In 1904, Italian scientist Piero Ginori Conti invented the first geothermal electric power plant in
which steam was used to generate the power. On 4 July 1904, at Larderello, Piero Ginori Conti powered five
bulbs from a dynamo driven by a reciprocating steam engine using geothermal energy.
19- A geothermal solution containing appreciable amounts of sodium chloride or other salts is called as
__________
a) Fluids
b) Brine
c) Solvent
d) Magma

Answer: b
Explanation: Brine is a high-concentration solution of salt (usually sodium chloride) in water. In different
contexts, brine may refer to salt solutions ranging from about 3.5% (a typical concentration of seawater, on the
lower end of solutions used for brining foods) up to about 26% (a typical saturated solution, depending on
temperature).
20- Earth’s outer layer rock is called as __________
a) Mantle
b) Crust
c) Outer core
d) Asthenosphere

Answer: b
Explanation: Earth’s crust is Earth’s hard outer layer. It is less than 1% of Earth’s volume. The crust is made
up of different types of rocks: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Crust is also called as
lithosphere.
21- The hole on earth’s surface from where the steam from the earth comes out is called as ________
a) Gash
b) Mud pot
c) Void
d) Fumarole

Answer: d
Explanation: A fumarole is an opening in a planet’s crust, often in areas surrounding volcanoes, which emits
steam and gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and hydrogen sulfide. The steam
forms when superheated water condenses as its pressure drops when it emerges from the ground.
22- A spring that shoots jets of hot water and steam into the air is called as _______
a) Mine hole
b) Geyser
c) Hot spring
d) Mud pot

Answer: b
Explanation: Geysers are temporary geological features. Geysers are generally associated with volcanic areas.
As the water boils, the resulting pressure forces a superheated column of steam and water to the surface
through the geyser’s internal plumbing.
23- Which kind geothermal plant is most common type?
a) Dry steam
b) Flash
c) Binary
d) Wet steam

Answer: b
Explanation: Flash Steam Power Plants are the most common form of geothermal power plant. The hot water
is pumped under great pressure to the surface. When it reaches the surface the pressure is reduced and as a
result some of the water changes to steam. This produces a ‘blast’ of steam. The cooled water is returned to the
reservoir to be heated by geothermal rocks again.
24- How much is the efficiency of geothermal plant?
a) 28%
b) 15%
c) 42%
d) 30%

Answer: b
Explanation: Geothermal power plants have lower efficiency relative to other thermal power plants, such as
coal, natural gas, oil, and nuclear power stations. It is commonly assumed that only 15% of the energy from the
produced geothermal fluid can be converted to electricity.

25- What is it called when humans generate electricity by using the heat of the Earth?
a) Geothermal Energy
b) Hydroelectric Energy
c) Radiation Energy

26- What is a generator?

a) A machine that creates radiation.
b) A machine that turns mechanical into electrical energy.
c) A type of wind energy

27- Which of the following is one of the disadvantages of geothermal energy?

a) Geothermal energy only works on windy days.
b) Geothermal energy doesn't work everywhere since you need a volcano nearby.
c) Geothermal does not work if there are no rivers or moving water nearby.
28- What is one advantage of geothermal energy from the options below?
a) Geothermal energy makes no pollution.
b) Geothermal energy works everywhere on Earth.
c) Geothermal energy relies on the power of the sun.

29- What is geothermal energy?

a) Heat from the earth
b) Heat from the sun
c) Energy from a potato
d) Heat from ice

30- Where can geothermal energy be found?

a) Underwater
b) In a mountain.
c) Where tectonic plates meet and underground.
d) Texas
31- Geothermal energy can harm the environment.
a) True
b) False

32- When is Geothermal energy available?

a) Day and night
b) Only night
c) Only day
33- Does Geothermal energy cause Global Warming?
a) Yes
b) No

34- True or False: Is geothermal energy heating continues?

a) True
b) False

35- What is the waste for geothermal heat?

a) There is none
b) Steam
c) Dirt
d) Water
36- Is geothermal heat safe?
a) No
b) Yes

37- Is there pollution involved with geothermal heat?

a) Yes
 b) No
c) A little
d) Maybe

38- What is the process of geothermal heat?

a) Coal heats up the water that turns to steam
b) Water is heated up by a heating source which turns into steam and works the machine
c) Water rises and pushes a lever
d) Cold and warm water collide and force steam up

39- What are two advantages of geothermal energy?

a) cheap and a lot pollution
b) expensive and a lot of pollution
c) cheap and little pollution
d) expensive and little pollution
40- Wind, geothermal, and solar energy are all what type of energy resources?
a) cheap
b) potential
c) renewable
d) chemical

41- What does Geothermal energy use to spin the turbine?

a) Heat from deep inside the earth
b) Water from rivers
c) Wind
d) Sunlight

42- Alternative Energy Resource is...

a) Energy that comes from harnessing the movement of the air
b) Energy that comes from the Sun
c) A source of renewable energy, such as solar, wind, or geothermal energy
d) Fuel from plant material

43- Hot water is pumped up from deep inside Earth and is used to heat homes or to generate electricity.
This describes...
a) biofuels
b) hydroelectric energy
c) geothermal energy

44- Heat from the earth is obtained by all EXCEPT

a) Drilling wells to bring hot water to the surface
b) Steam from high pressure underground turns turbines
c) Pump hot spring water into homes and businesses
d) Gathering lava from volcanoes to boil water
45- Which is NOT a type of geothermal power plant?
a) Dry Steam power plant
b) Flash Steam power plant
c) Geo moderator power plant
d) Binary power plant

46- Which process uses moderate temperature water to heat up another liquid?
a) Flash Power plant
b) Dry Steam power plant
c) Geomoderator power plant
d) Binary power plant

47- Heat exchangers:

a) Send warm water back into reservoirs after being used
b) Pump cooler water into heated reservoirs to force hot to the surface
c) Transfer heat from a hot water to a liquid with a lower boiling point to create steam

48- Where is the highest geothermal plant found?

a) Tibet, China
b) Afghanistan/Pakistan border
c) India/Nepal border

49- What country produces the most geothermal energy?

a) India
b) Russia
c) China
d) United States

50- After geothermal plants use the warm water they:

a) Pump it back into the reservoir

b) Let it soak back into the ground
c) Send into the nearest city water system
d) Put into a man-made lake

51- What country had the first Geothermal power plant?

a) Japan
b) Philippines
c) China
d) Italy
.

52- What country is the second largest user of geothermal electricity in the world?

a) China
 b) Philippines
c) Indonesia
d) Mexico

53- The countries along the Ring of Fire are NOT:

a) On or near the boundaries of tectonic plates
b) Prone to earthquakes and volcanoes
c) All in the Northern Hemisphere
d) Some of the best geothermal resources in the world
54- Enhanced Geothermal Systems uses

a) volcanic areas
b) hot dry rock
c) icy areas
d) lava pools

55- A country NOT along the Ring of Fire is:

a) Japan
b) Canada
c) Greenland
d) United States

56- What area has hot springs occasionally bubble up into their homes?
a) California
b) Indonesia
c) Greenland
d) Iceland
57- Which is true of Geothermal plants?

a) cause major earthquakes

b) take up a lot of space
c) disrupt ecosystems
d) produce no smoke

58- Which is NOT true?

a) Enhanced geothermal systms can cause small earthquakes.

b) Geothermal water contains dissolved minearls and salts.
c) Most geothermal reservoirs contain dissolved gases that smell bad.
d) Geothermal plants can only run a few hours a day.

59- True or False? Turbine generators can operate 24 hours a day?

a) False
b) True
60- Fuel cell converts chemical energy to electrical energy using a reaction that __________
a) eliminates combustion of fuel
b) requires combustion of fuel
c) requires no ignition of fuel
d) fuel is not required

Answer: a
Explanation: Combustion of fuel is eliminated in fuel cells.
61- Fuel cell performance is not limited by __________

a) First law of Thermodynamics

b) Second law of Thermodynamics
c) Third law of Thermodynamics
d) All three laws are applicable

Answer: b
Explanation: The performance of fuel cell is not limited by the Second law of Thermodynamics.

62- For which of these devices does negative charge carriers flow from anode to cathode in the external
circuit?

a) MHD generator
b) Thermionic generator
c) Thermoelectric generator
d) Fuel cell

Answer: d
Explanation: The sign convention of anode and cathode is same for fuel cell and batteries.
63- The fuel cell is considered a battery in which ___________ is continuously replaced.

a) fuel only
b) oxidizer
c) both fuel and oxidizer
d) none of the mentioned

Answer: c
Explanation: Both fuel and oxidizer are replaced in fuel cell.

64- The type of reactions in a fuel cell is not determined by __________

a) fuel and oxidizer combination

b) composition of electrolyte
c) materials of anode and cathode
d) catalytic effects of reaction container

Answer: d
Explanation: The catalytic effects of electrodes rather than that of reaction container effects the fuel cell
reactions.
65- What is the voltage output of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell?(in V)
a) -1.23
 b) -1.45
c) -1.01
d) -.93

Answer: a
Explanation: The voltage output of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is -1.23V.
66- What is the voltage output of carbon-oxygen fuel cell?(in V)

a) -.91
b) -1.24
c) -1.02
d) -1.17

Answer: c
Explanation: The voltage output of carbon-oxygen fuel cell is -1.02V.

67- What is the voltage output of methane-oxygen fuel cell?(in V)

a) -1.16
b) -1.06
c) -1.26
d) -0.96

Answer: b
Explanation: The voltage output of methane-oxygen fuel cell is -1.06V.

68- Which of these gases or liquids are not used as source of hydrogen in fuel cells?

a) C2H6
b) C2H2
c) C6H6
d) C2H5OH

Answer: d
Explanation: The only liquid from alcohol series used as a source of hydrogen in fuel cells is methanol
CH3OH.
69- The hydrocarbons cracked with steam in fuel cells do not give rise to __________

a) CO
b) CO2
c) H2
d) H2O

Answer: d
Explanation: The cracking of fuel in fuel cells foes not give rise to H 2O.
70- Which of these should not be a properties of fuel cell electrodes?

a) good electrical conductors

b) highly resistant to corrosive environment
c) should perform charge seperation
d) take part in chemical reactions

Answer: d
Explanation: The fuel cell electrode should not take part in fuel cell electrode.

71- Which of these fuel cell operates at temperature below 100.C?

a) phosphoric fuel cell

b) solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell
c) molten carbon fuel cell
d) hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell

Answer: c
Explanation: The Solid Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell operates at temperatures less than 100.C.
72- Which of these fuel cells operates at high temperatures and pressures?

a) high temperature solid oxide fuel cell

b) alkaline fuel cell
c) molten carbon fuel cell
d) phosphoric acid fuel cell

Answer: c
Explanation: The Molten Carbon Fuel Cell operates at high temperatures and pressures.
73- Which of the following liquid metal is not used as a magneto hydrodynamic generation (MHD)
working fluid?

a. Potassium
b. Sodium
c. Lithium
d. All of these.

ANSWER: b. Sodium

74- The nature of the current developed in MHD generator is

a. ac
b. dc
c. Both a and b
d. None of these.

ANSWER: b. dc
75- Coal is processed and burnt in the combustor of a hybrid MHD at a high temperature and pressure
with the preheated air to form which among the following element?

a. Steam
b. Plasma
c. Coke
d. None of these.

ANSWER: b. Plasma

76- The harmful emissions such as sulphur are removed from gas before it is discharged to the
atmosphere through which instrument?

a. Duct
b. Mufflers
c. Stark
d. All of these.

ANSWER: c. Stark

77- What is the working fluid in closed cycle MHD system?

a. Helium and argon

b. Coal
c. Natural gas
d. Potassium

ANSWER: a. Helium and argon

78- In a MHD generator the conductor is made of

a. Copper
b. Liquid metal.
c. Gas
d. Liquid metal or gas

ANSWER: d. Liquid metal or gas

79- Power output per unit volume of a MHD generator is proportional to

a. Specific electrical conductivity of gas

b. Square of the magnetic field strength.
c. Square of the fluid velocity.
d. All of these.
ANSWER: d. All of these.

80- In an open cycle MHD-steam power plant, the temperature at the entrance of MHD duct is (in K)?

a) 2500-3000
b) 2000-2500
c) 1500-2000
d) 2250

Answer: a
Explanation: The temperature is kept in between 2500-3000K.

81- The air at the entrance of MHD duct is seeded with potasium upto ____________

a) 7%
b) 5%
c) 3%
d) 1%

Answer: d
Explanation: The air is seeded upto 1%/.

82- Air pollution in an MHD-steam power plant is caused due to the formation of which of the following
compounds?
a) oxides and hydroxides
b) chlorides and hydroxides
c) oxides and carbonates
d) carbonates and bicarbonates

Answer: a
Explanation: Oxides and hydroxides of seeding element formed cause air pollution.
83- Which of the following device helps in recovery of seeding element?

a) ion precipitator
b) condenser
c) electrostatic precipitator
d) orsat’s apparatus

Answer: c
Explanation: Electrostatic precipitator helps in recovery of the seed.
84- In closed cycle MHD-steam power plant, which of the following gas is seeded in the MHD duct?

a) helium
b) xenon
c) sodium vapour
d) chlorine
Answer: a
Explanation: Helium is seeded in the air.
85- Where is the input of the MHD duct heated in a closed cycle MHD-steam power plant?

a) blast furnace
b) nuclear reactor
c) reverabatory furnace
d) combustion chamber

Answer: b
Explanation: The seed is heated in the nuclear reactor.
86- Which of these materials are not used for MHD duct walls?

a) magnesium oxide
b) strontium zirconate
c) hafnia
d) manganese zirconate

Answer: a
Explanation: The other three materials are used for MHD duct walls.
87- To reduce the power consumption of electromagnets, which type of coils have been suggested?
a) aluminium
b) high temperature resistant
c) cryogenic & superconducting
d) none of the mentioned

Answer: c
Explanation: Cryogenic or superconductiong coils have been suggested for reducing power consumption of
electromagnets.
88- Which is the only fuel better than coal for use?

a) natural gas
b) char
c) kerosene
d) benzene

Answer: b
Explanation: Char is a better fuel than coal since it has less hydrogen and increases performance by 25%.
89- Which of these is not a property of MHD power generation?

a) has no moving part, so is reliable

b) overall generation cost is less
c) closed cycle has almost no pollution
d) conversion is about 80-90%

Answer: d
Explanation: The overall efficiency of MHD generation is 50-60%.