Unit 3 Module 1: Volcanoes November 13, 2019

I. Objectives:
Content Standard:
The Learners demonstrate an understanding of the volcanoes found in the Philippines.

Performance Standard:
The learners should be able to participate in activities that reduce risks and lessen effects of climate change.

Learning Competency:
The learners should be able to illustrate how energy from volcanoes may be tapped for human use (S8ES-
IIIc- 29).

Daily Task:
1. Identify the kind of energy that can be generated from a volcano.
2. Trace how electricity is generated in a geothermal power plant.

II. Content:
A. Subject Matter: Geothermal Energy from Volcanoes
B. Concepts:
Since our country is a home to more than a hundred volcanoes, energy has been tapped from them. The
Philippines ranks 2nd in the world’s production of geothermal energy. According to the Department of Energy,
14.4% of the country’s total power generation is produced from geothermal enrgy. The production of
electricity from geothermal energy is cheaper than the electricity production using natural gas, coal, and
hydropower.
The earth is believed to be hot from within. This heat from the earth’s interior is a source of energy called
geothermal energy.
Geothermal energy is generated in two ways: geothermal power plants and geothermal heat pumps. They
differ in the depth of the heat source to produce energy. In geothermal power plants, the heat from inside the
earth is used to produce steam to generate electricity on the other hand, geothermal heat pumps use heat
coming from close to the earth’s surface to heat water or provide heat for buildings.
In the Philippines, geothermal power plants are used to generate electricity in Tiwi (Albay), Kidapawan
(North Cotabato), Calaca (Laguna), Tongonan (Leyte), Bago City (Negros Occidental), Valencia (Negros
Oriental), and Bacon (Sorsogon).
Power plants are built in an area where it is particularly hot just below the surface such as near a group of
geysers, hot springs, or volcanic activity.
The following steps are followed to generate electricity in a
geothermal power plant:
1. Wells are drilled deep into the earth to pump steam or
hot water to the surface.
2. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in
pressure causes the water to turn into steam.
3. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a
generator that produces electricity.
4. Cooling tower cools the steam which condenses back
to water.
5. The cooled water is pumped back into the earth to
begin the process again.

C. References:
Science 9 Learner’s Material pp. 176-179
Science 9 Teacher’s Guide p. 141

D. Materials: pictures, charts, activity sheets

E. Skills:
1. identifying the kind of energy that can be generated from a volcano
2. tracing how energy is transformed to generate electricity in a geothermal power plant
III. Learning Tasks:
1. Elicit:
What is a volcano?
What is a volcano’s identifying characteristic as compared to the other landforms?
How do we classify volcanoes? By activity? By shape of slope? By manner of explosion?

2. Engage:
The teacher will post pictures of different renewable sources of energy found in the Negros Island.
Can you recognize these renewable sources of energy?

In your Araling Panlipunan class, you may have discussed these renewable resources. Why is sourcing from
renewable supplies important?
Which among these sources can be obtained from volcanoes? How can you say so?
Aside from knowing that geothermal energy can be sourced from volcanoes, what else do you know about it?

3. Explore:
Teacher will give out reading material by groups. Students are to read and analyse the said material and
answer the guide questions. Answers will then be shared to the class.

4. Explain:
What is geothermal energy?
How is geothermal energy generated from the Earth?
What criterion/criteria should an area meet to be considered a suitable place to build a geothermal power
plant?
What energy forms can be observed in a geothermal power plant?
How is electricity generated in a geothermal power plant?
Describe how energy is transformed to generate electricity in a geothermal power plant using a flow chart.

5. Elaborate:
Discuss what happens in a geothermal power plant in a step-by-step process.

Energy transformation and law of conservation of energy

Value of conservation
What makes geothermal energy a good alternative source of electric power?
Can you think of any drawbacks of geothermal energy?
How do you think can the use of geothermal energy help address climate change?

6. Evaluation:
1-8. Complete the flowchart to describe how electricity is generated in a geothermal power plant.
 _________1________ coming Heat causes ____2_____ to turn
from inside the Earth into _____3_____

___4____ causes the _____6____ changes ____7____

____5______ to turn energy to ___8____ energy

9-10. What kind of energy is generated from a volcano?

7. Extend:
Aside from geothermal energy, what other benefits can we obtain from volcanoes and/or volcanic activity?
List at least 5 benefits in your notebook.

Prepared by:

MA. JOCEL L. BAQUILAR

Group Members:

Read the following text and answer the questions.

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Since our country is a home to more than a
hundred volcanoes, energy has been tapped from them.
The Philippines ranks 2nd in the world’s production of
geothermal energy. According to the Department of
Energy, 14.4% of the country’s total power generation is
produced from geothermal enrgy. The production of
electricity from geothermal energy is cheaper than the
electricity production using natural gas, coal, and
hydropower.
The earth is believed to be hot from within. This
heat from the earth’s interior is a source of energy called
geothermal energy.
Geothermal energy is generated in two ways:
geothermal power plants and geothermal heat pumps.
They differ in the depth of the heat source to produce
energy. In geothermal power plants, the heat from inside
the earth is used to produce steam to generate electricity
on the other hand, geothermal heat pumps use heat coming
from close to the earth’s surface to heat water or provide
heat for buildings.
In the Philippines, geothermal power plants are
used to generate electricity in Tiwi (Albay), Kidapawan
(North Cotabato), Calaca (Laguna), Tongonan (Leyte),
Bago City (Negros Occidental), Valencia (Negros
Oriental), and Bacon (Sorsogon).
Power plants are built in an area where it is
particularly hot just below the surface such as near a group
of geysers, hot springs, or volcanic activity.
The following steps are followed to generate
electricity in a geothermal power plant:
1. Wells are drilled deep into the earth to pump
steam or hot water to the surface.
2. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in
pressure causes the water to turn into steam.
3. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to
a generator that produces electricity.
4. Cooling tower cools the steam which condenses
back to water.
5. The cooled water is pumped back into the earth to
begin the process again.

Questions:
1. What is geothermal energy?
2. How is geothermal energy generated from the Earth?
3. What criterion/criteria should an area meet to be considered a suitable place to build a geothermal power plant?
4. What energy forms can be observed in a geothermal power plant?
5. How is electricity generated in a geothermal power plant?
6. Describe how energy is transformed to generate electricity in a geothermal power plant using a flow chart.

Answers: