Division of City Schools

DR. RAFAEL V. PALMA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Zobel Roxas Street, Manila
TONGUE
TWISTERS
A three-toad tree-toad loved a
two-toad she-toad.
Unfortunately, the two-toad she-
toad did not love the three- toad
tree-toad. The three-toad tree-
toad tried three times to win the
love of two-toad she-toad, but
she-toad told the three-toad
tree-toad that she loved a fat-
fickle frog.
Six, slim, silver slinking sheep
slyly slipped through the side
fence. The surprised sleepy
farmer seized his gun and shot
sixteen shells in senseless
frenzy. One sick sheep sank in
the slimy marsh, but others
escaped.
Having good reading fluency
helps a reader to have good
comprehension. That is what
reading is all about, decoding
and comprehension. These are
the two cognitive elements of
reading.
Comprehension – refers to one’s
ability to understand the word or words.
Decoding– refers to the child’s ability to
recognize written information.
“Sounding out” or “Deciphering” is
one way of the reader to learn how to
read. This is the Marungko
Approach in reading.
 In this approach of reading the alphabets are
rather “pronounced” than read.
For example: the letter “m” would be
pronounced as “mmm” not the old Pinoy style
of reading it as “ma”.
Another examples: “s”---- “sss”
“l” ---- “lll”
“n” ---- “nnn”
Phonics - the alphabetic principle
that connects sounds with letters.
 Examples: Consonant Sounds
1. b /b/ 6. h /h/ 11. n /n/
2. c /c/ 7. j /j/ 12. p /p/
3. d /d/ 8. k /k/ 13. q/qu/
4. f /f/ 9. l /l/ 14. r /r/
5. g /g/ 10. m /m/ 15. s /s/
16. t /t/ 25. th /th/
17. v /v/ 26. wh /wh/
18. w /w/ 27. zh /zh/
19. x /ks/ 28. ng /ng/
20. y /y/
21. z /z/ Vowel Sounds
22. ch /ch/ 1. a /a/ 4. o /o/ 7./ē/
23. sh /sh/ 2. e /e/ 5. u /u/ 8. /ay/
24. th /th/ 3. I /i/ 6. a /ā/ 9.o/ō/
10. u /yoo/ * Let us read through
11. o /ōō/ singing to the tune
12. o /òó/ of “Wheels on the
13. ou /aw/ Bus”
14. oi /oi/ -The sounds in the
15. o /ô/ word go
/c//a//t/(3x)
The sounds in the
word go /c//a//t/
Can you guess my
word?
 Or speak in code: “ Please take out the
/t//r//a//sh/
 Let us read the following CVC words:

/b//i//t/ bit /h//o//p/ hop

/c//a//r/ car /n//a//p/ nap
/d//o//g/ dog /f//o//x/ fox
/f//u//n/ fun /m//u//g/ mug
/g//e//t/ get /r//a//t/ rat
Short Vowel Sounds
/ă/ as in fat, hat, pan, tag, van, fan,
bag, man,
/ŏ/ as in hot, lock, pot, sock, dog, dot,
not
/ĕ/ as in egg, pen, led, ten, wet, hen,
get, sell
/ĭ/ as in sit, pin, win, mill, hill, fin, fit,
pig
/ŭ/ as in mud, duck, mug, hug, luck,
nun
Long Vowel Sounds
/ā/ as in cake, sake, make, share,
chair, lane, pale, pail, jail, fare
/ē/ as in Pete, feet, heel, meet
/ī/ as in pipe, like, kite, bike, hide
/ō/-e as in pole, hole, tone,
cone, note
/ō/ as in boat, goat, oath, coat
/ōō/ as in moon, spoon, soon
/òó/ as in book, took, look, hook
 /ū/ as in tube, cube, huge, cute,
mute
● Consonant Blends
/bl/ as in blue, black, block, blend
/br/ as in brown, brush, brick,
brother, breath
/cl/ as in clap, clan, clean, clear
/cr/ as in cry, crawl, crush, crab
/dr/ as in drop, drum, dress,
dream
/fl/ as in flip, flower, flow, flop, flock,
flat
/fr/ as in frog, free, from, friend
/gl/ as in glass, globe, glee, glimpse
/gr/ as in grip, grass, grab, grand
/pl/ as in play, plain, plane, plum
/pr/ as in pray, prick, prom, practice
/sl/ as in sling, slide, slope, slum
/spl/ as in splash, splendid,
splender
/st/ as in stop, stare, stair, stock,
stick, store
/str/ as in strong, string, straight,
strenght
/sw/ as in swim, swan, swing,
swear
/tr/ as in trap, train, truck, tree
/tw/ as in twin, twilight, twig
 One big readiness skills in Oral
Language Ability in English is to
give your pupils a lot of
listening/speaking activities in
English to give them familiarity
with the basic structures and
common English vocabulary which
they are bound to meet in their
early reading materials.
 STAGE TWO – Beginning
Reading in English
English is in consonance
with the GOIM (Goal-Oriented
Instructional Model) which
should always guide you in
your decision–making in
matters relevant to instructions.
STAGE THREE – Word
Recognition
Skills
1. Associating objects/pictures
with printed symbols in labels,
captions, etc.
For example: apple
 cat pencil

table
flag
2. Using phonetic analysis
through associating letter
sounds with letter symbols.
For instance:
bag – /b//a//g/
pen - /p//e//n/
fun - /f//u//n/
3. Using Spelling Patterns
Take the Consonant – Vowel – Consonant
(CVC Pattern)
Guidelines: When a word or syllable
follows the CVC pattern, the
vowel sound is usually short.

For example: cat, bed, sit, pot,

cup, etc.
 In the CVCe pattern, the
vowel becomes long and e is
silent.
For example:
CVC CVCe
rat (short /a/) rate (long /a/)
sit (short /i/) site (long /i/)
ton (short /o/ tone (long /o/)
*letter e is silent
Word Families:
Examples: _at _en _ill
bat den bill
cat pen hill
fat hen kill
hat men mill
rat ten fill
4. Recognizing Basic Sight Words
They are the most commonly used
words in English.
For example: boy, jump, a, an,
of, the, for, no, go,
this, these, at, who,
what, where, how,
etc.
Technique: Look for the word or phrases
then “frame it, say it”
 The answers to your
questions does not depend on
what your fellow teachers are
doing but rather on how your
pupils are to begin reading in
English. If your pupils have the
prerequisite skills, the
readiness skills, then you tell
yourself…
”GO AHEAD. START YOUR
BEGINNING READING
PROGRAM NOW !!!”.
Thank you very much for
listening…..

Mrs. Marianne M. Vasquez

Teacher – Grade One

GOD BLESS US ALL!!!

 What is Reading?
Reading is a complex,
interactive process using
basic skills and advance
strategies to make
meaning.
BEGINNING READING INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE
FOR TEACHERS (BRIGHT)

A. Discovering the Magic of Reading

(DMR)
1. Motivation
2. Unlocking of New/Difficult Words
3. Motive Questions
B. Constructive Meaning (CM)
1. First Reading of the Story by the
Teacher
2. Second Reading of the Story with
Pupils’ Participation
 3. Question and Answer (about the story)
4. Engagement Activities

C. Developing English Language

Competencies (DELC)

1. Preparatory Activities
2. Lesson Proper
3. Oral Practice
4. Generalization
5.Application
6. Evaluation
D. Deciphering and Decoding: Strategies
and Skills (DDSS)
(Marungko Approach/Phonics)
1. Presentation of the Beginning and
Ending Sound
2. Writing Letter
3. Further Practice
4. Enrichment Activity
5. Different Activities for Group Work
TEACHING BEGINNING READING IN ENGLISH
STAGE ONE – DEVELOPMENT OF READING
READINESS

English is a second language

to us. To most children coming
to schools for the first time, it
is a strange language. What do
you do to prepare these
children to read in English?
What reading readiness do you
need to develop during the
English period?