SAINT JOSEPH COLLEGE

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

MAASIN CITY

LEARNERS’ LEARNING MATERIAL NO. 10

Mathematics G9 | Q2
SY 2020-21

RADICALS AND VARIATIONS

WEEK 10. Inverse Variation

MELCS: The learner …

1. illustrates situations that involve the following variations: (a) direct;

(b) inverse; (c) joint; (d) combined.
2. translates into variation statement a relationship between two quantities given
by: (a) a table of values; (b) a mathematical equation; (c) a graph,
and vice versa.
3. solves problems involving variation.

Textbook: Unit II. Chapter 4, Lesson 2. Inverse Variation, pages 193 -200

Workbook: Unit II. Worksheet 1. Direct and Inverse Variations, pages 36 -39

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 LESSON 2: Inverse Variation

Analyze the following situation

During sports competitions like the Palarong Pambansa, many groups of athletes
have to hire buses. If the amount for hiring the bus is ₱30000, and the athletes
will divide the amount to be paid equally, how much will they pay if only 10
athletes will ride in the bus? Only 20 athletes? Only 30 athletes? Only 50
athletes?60 athletes?

If the amount to be paid is A and the number of athletes is n, then the equation A

= 30000/n models how to compute the amount each athlete will pay. If only 10
athletes will ride in the bus, A = ; if only 20 athletes, A =
; if only 30 athletes, A = ; and if there are 60 athletes, A =
.

So using A = 30000/n and presenting in a table of values:

n (number of 10 20 30 40 50 60
athletes)
A (amount in 3000 1500 1000 750 600 500
₱)

What can you observe? What happens to the amount A to be paid as the number
of n increases? The table of values can also be translated in a graph.

A (Amount in ₱)

n(number of athletes)

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Notice that as n increases, A decreases. Likewise, as n decreases, A
increases. This type of relationship is called inverse variation.

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ACTIVITY 1.SOLVING PROBLEMS INVOLVING INVERSE RELATIONSHIPS

DESCRIPTION: Answer the following problems. Refer your solution to the

Answer Key at the end of the learning material.

1. Decide if the second quantity increases or decreases.

a. As the distance a bus travels increases, the fare .
b. The quantity of an item you can buy with ₱500 decreases as the price of the
item .
c. The amount of remaining ink in a pen decreases as the number of hours it
has been used .
d. The time required to empty a tank increases as the rate of pumping
.
2. In these situations, y varies inversely as x:
a. When = 3, y = 2. Find y when x = 8.
b. When x= , y = . Find y when x = 10.
c.
x 12 3

y 3 ?

d.
x 6 ?

y 1

3. The time required to do a certain job varies inversely as the number of people
working on the job. It takes 2 hours for 6 people to scrub the corridors of a
building. How long would it take 4 people to do the same job?
4. The length of time a bag of dog food lasts varies inversely with the number of
dogs. If a bag of dog food will feed 3 dogs for 10 days, how long will it feed
10 dogs?

5. According to Boyle’s Law, when the temperature is held constant the volume of
the gas varies inversely with the pressure on the gas. If the gas occupies 36 cm3
under a pressure of 10 atmospheres, find the volume when the pressure is
changed to 8 atmospheres.

6. Kai decides to empty her pool for the winter. She knows that the time t required
to empty a pool varies inversely as the rate r of pumping.
a. Write an equation that represents this situation. Let k be theconstant of
variation.

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 b. In the past, Kai was able to empty her pool in 45 minutes at a rate of 800
liters per minute. She now owns a new pump that can empty the pool at a
rate of 1 kiloliters per minute. How long will it take Kai to empty the pool using
this new pump? Is it faster or slower? By how many minutes?

7. The intensity of light I, measured in lux, is inversely proportional to the square of

the distance d between the light source and the object illuminated.
a. Write an equation that represents this situation.

b. Using a light meter, a lighting director measures the intensity of the light
from a bulb hanging 6 feet overhead a circular table at 16 lux. If the table has
a5-foot diameter, what illumination reading will the director find at the edge of
the table where the actors will sit? Round to the nearest tenth.

ACTIVITY 2.

Complete working the workbook activity. Worksheet 1, Direct and Inverse Variations
on pages 36 – 39.

ACTIVITY 2 :SOLVING PROBLEMS INVOLVING INVERSE RELATIONSHIPS

(ANSWER KEY).

1. Decide if the second quantity increases or decreases.

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 a. As the distance a bus travels increases, the fare increases .
b. The quantity of an item you can buy with ₱500 decreases as the price of the
item increases .
c. The amount of remaining ink in a pen decreases as the number of hours it
has been used increases .
d. The time required to empty a tank increases as the rate of pumping
decreases .
2. In these situations, y varies inversely as x:
a. When = 3, y = 2. Find y when x = 8. y =3/4
b. When x= , y = . Find y when x = 10. y= 1/5
c.
x 12 3

y 3 ?

y = 12

d.
x 6 ?

y=2
y 1

3. The time required to do a certain job varies inversely as the number of people
working on the job. It takes 2 hours for 6 people to scrub the corridors of a
building. How long would it take 4 people to do the same job?

Answer: 3 hours

4. The length of time a bag of dog food lasts varies inversely with the number of
dogs. If a bag of dog food will feed 3 dogs for 10 days, how long will it feed
10 dogs?
Answer: 3 days

5. According to Boyle’s Law, when the temperature is held constant the volume of
the gas varies inversely with the pressure on the gas. If the gas occupies 36 cm3
under a pressure of 10 atmospheres, find the volume when the pressure is
changed to 8 atmospheres.

Answer: 45 cm3

6. Kai decides to empty her pool for the winter. She knows that the time t required
to empty a pool varies inversely as the rate r of pumping.
a. Write an equation that represents this situation. Let k be the constant
of variation.
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 Answer: t = k/r

b. In the past, Kai was able to empty her pool in 45 minutes at a rate of 800
liters per minute. She now owns a new pump that can empty the pool at a
rate of 1 kiloliters per minute. How long will it take Kai to empty the pool using
this new pump? Is it faster or slower? By how many minutes?
Answer: k = tr
= 45(400)
k = 36 000
Equation: t = 36 000/r
= 36 000/1000
t = 36 minutes
Kai can em;pty the pool in 36 minutes, 9 minutes faster than the
using the old pump.

7. The intensity of light I, measured in lux, is inversely proportional to the square of

the distance d between the light source and the object illuminated.
a. Write an equation that represents this situation.
Answer: l = k/d

b. Using a light meter, a lighting director measures the intensity of the light
from a bulb hanging 6 feet overhead a circular table at 16 lux. If the table has
a5-foot diameter, what illumination reading will the director find at the edge of
the table where the actors will sit? Round to the nearest tenth.
Answer: k = ld
= 16(6)
k = 96

Equation : l =96/d

Where (Pythagorean Theorem)

d 2 = 62 + (5/2)2
d = 6.5

l = 96/6.5
l = 18.8
Therefore the illumination reading at the edge of the table is 18.8 lux

NOTE TO THE STUDENTS:

YOU DON’T HAVE TASK TO SUBMIT IN RELATION TO THIS

LEARNING MATERIAL (EXCEPT FOR THE WORKBOOK ANSWERS ).
YOU WILL BE GIVEN EXERCISES TO ANSWER IN RELATION TO THIS
LESSON NEXT WEEK.
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ATTACHED TO THIS LEARNING MATERIAL IS THE PERFORMANCE
TASK FOR THE SECOND GRADING PERIOD. WORK THIS
PERFORMANCE TASK, AND PASS YOUR OUTPUT THROUGH THE
MESSENGER APP.

MATHEMATICS 9
SECOND GRADING PERIOD
SY 2020-2021

PERFORMANCE TASK (PROJECT)

NOTE: CHOOSE ONLY ONE AMONG THE THREE TASKS GIVEN.

TASK 1
Research on the application of quadratic function to real-life situations. Give the details
of the specific quadratic functions used (maybe in the form of a formula). Give specific
examples ( that is, solve problem/s) pertaining to the real-world application of quadratic
functions. Present your output through the Microsoft Power Point. Microsoft Word or through
sheets of short bond paper (handwritten). The output should demonstrate practicality,
accuracy, authenticity and application of concepts on quadratic functions.

Task 2

Research on the application of variations to real-life situations. Give the details of the
specific variation equations used (maybe in the form of a formula). Give specific examples
( that is, solve problem/s) pertaining to the real-world application of variations. Present your
output through the Microsoft Power Point. Microsoft Word or through sheets of short bond
paper (handwritten). The output should demonstrate practicality, accuracy, authenticity and
application of concepts on variations.

Task 3

Make an artwork/poster showing the graphical representation or

concepts relating to quadratic function or variation or combination of both
concepts. Be guided that quadratics functions are graphically represented
by parabolas, direct variations by straight lines, inverse variation by curved
lines (second degree curve). Further, both quadratic functions and
variations shows patterns between order pairs.
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 Do your artwork in any material surfaces (bond paper, cartolina,
illustration board, etc), using any media ( crayons, craypas, poster paint
etc.).

Your work will be judged using the following criteria: creativity,

visual impact, clarity and neatness and relevance or application of
mathematical ideas

Scoring Rubric for Task 1 and Task 2

4 3 2 1Beginning
Criteria Excellent Proficient Progressing

Authenticity of The data used are authentic and The data used are Some of the data used Data are not
Data updated. Data are taken from authentic. Data are taken are not authentic. useful and
reliable resources. from reliable resources. relevant.

Accuracy of the Computations are accurate and Computations are accurate Computations are Most of the
Computations and supported with correct correct but computations ad
supported with correct and clear interpretation interpretation is interpretations are
interpretation. incorrect. erroneous.

Practicality Practicality of output is very much Practicality of output is Practicality of output is The output is not
observed much observed quite observed practical

Application of The quadratic The quadratic The quadratic The quadratic

the Concepts of equation created equation created is Equation created equation used is
Quadratic is correct with additional correct. does not use incorrect.
Functions or Model to support it. defined variables
variations

Scoring Rubric for Task 3

Outstanding On Target Minimum Target Below Target

 
5 pts 4 pts 3 pts 2 pts

Artwork/Poster clearly Artwork/Poster has Parts of the The requirements of the

Relevance or demonstrates the math most of the math artwork/poster relate to artworkposter project are
application of topic selected and concept selected math concept selected, not understood.
mathematical ideas represents it accurately. correctly however, the overall Presentation does not
represented. message of the poster pertain to the math
does not represent the concept selected.
topic.

Clarity and WOW! Artwork/Poster is Artwork/Poster Artwork/Poster requires Artwork/Poster not

Neatness well-organized, neatly
presented in a colorful
and engaging manner.
Viewer can easily follow
the flow of information
presented
presents concept in viewer to study completed and lacks
a neat manner. All presentation to find all necessary neatness
of the concept is the pieces of the task. needed to easily inform
visible, but lacks Writing may not be viewer.
organization for readily legible or
clarity. organized.

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Creativity All information is Most of the Some of the required Most of the required
complete and correct. information is information is missing. information is not
Work is very creative correct and Work is somewhat included. There is no
complete. Work is creative manifestation of
creative creativity.

Visual Impact Outstanding On Target Minimum Target Below Target

The artwork/poster is The artwork/poster The artwork/poster is The artwork/poster is not

very much pleasing to is pleasing to one’s quite pleasing to one’s pleasing to one’s
one’s observation observation observation observation

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