Education System in USA

Fact File of USA

Official name- United States of America

Continent-North America
Area- 9,629,091 km2
Latitude – 39.828127 N
Longitude – 98.579404 W
 Continue…
Population- 320,351,371
Population density- 88.6 per sq kilometer

Language- No official language!

English, Spanish, Hawaiian, Indo- European
Moto
In God We Trust
Values and ethics
Secularism

Control over Environment

Respects Everyone’s Root Culture

Practice Human Rights

Individualism

Democracy
Administration of Education System in USA

Federal Gov : 10% budget, Determine Age group, International

Standardized Tests, determine some value and ethics

State and local Gov: budgeting 60%, curriculum, curriculum, test

books, learning Standers, years of compulsory education,

Local School District: budgeting 30%, teaching Strategies,

subjects to be Taught, Assessment Strategy
 Education Policies-Laws
• No Child Left Behind Act- 2001
Every child has the right to access
No child will be left behind
Assessment every year
Every school has to perform better than the previous year

• Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)- 2004

Individual with disabilities must have access
Proper placement the Disabled ones
Pre set teaching methods for individuals
 Patterns Usually Prevails in the Community
18 GRADE 12
17
HIGH SCHOOL 4 YEARS
GRADE 11
16 GRADE 10
15
GRADE 9
14 GRADE 8
13
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 3 YEARS
GRADE 7
12 GRADE 6
AGE

11 GRADE 5
10
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 5 YEARS
GRADE 4
9 GRADE 3
8
GRADE 2
7
GRADE 1
6
5
KINDERGARTEN 2 YEARS
4
3
PRE-SCHOOL 2 YEARS
 Primary Education
Pre-school (age 3-4)
Kindergarten (age 5-6)
Elementary (age 6-11)
 Subjects Taught
Pre-Primary Kindergarten Elementary
Focus on WRITING •Science
•Mathematics
•Alphabet Focus on READING •Social studies
•Shapes •Environmental edu
•Math •Health education
•Science •Language
•language •Fine Arts
•Physical
Development
•Music
•History
•Geography
 Types of schools in USA
• Majority of school • Religious and non- • Online tutoring, family
types sectarian or private tutor
• Majority of student • Minority of student (6 • Practice family religious
Enrollment (49 million) million) and moral values
• No tuition fee required • Require tuition fee • Follow state curriculum
• Depend on local, state • Depend on religious and family requirements
and federal funding org, endowments, • In some case
• Religion free grand, donations Homeschooled students
• Types- • Types- have to face state-
Independent school administered placement
Charter School tests
Parochial school
Magnet School
• A growing number of
Proprietary school student (1.5 million)
Public Private Home
School School Schooling
 Assessment System
Benchmark National
assessment State Based International
Based
Assessment assessment
Assessment

Formative Summative Summative Summative

School based  starts from Starts from Starts from
assessment grade 3 grade 4 grade 4
Number or Grading CRT, NRT test PIRLS, IMSS,
Alphabet SAT tests
Grading
 Assessment
Assessment types
Visual Arts
Observation
Essays
Interviews
Performance tasks
Reading writing test Assessment Methods
Attitude test
Observing and recording student
Standardized test
achievement
Mapping progress
pen/pencil and paper testing
Exhibitions and demonstrations
Portfolio
Teacher-created tests
Rubrics
Self- and peer-evaluation
Secondary Education
Outline of Secondary Education

Duration: 6/7/8 years

Age Group: 12/13/14-18
Medium of Instruction: American English
Also Used: French, Spanish, Hawaiian,
Native American
Two Main Levels:
Middle School/ Junior High: Grade 5/6- 8/9
High School/ Senior High: grade 9/10-12
 Subjects Taught
Core Courses:
English
Mathematics (Pre Algebra, Algebra-1, Algebra-2,
Trigonometry)
Social Studies ( Geography, History, Us History,
Economics)
Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology)
Foreign Languages ( French, Spanish, Latin, German)
Advanced/ Additional Study Options
(AP Courses)
Courses Related AP Courses

Science Geology, Anatomy, Astrology, Health

Science, Environmental Science,
Forensic Science
Mathematics Calculus, Statistics, Discrete Math

Social Studies Law, Criminal Justice, Psychology,

Sociology

English Public Speaking, Journalism

 Elective Courses
Area Subjects
Visual Arts Drawing, Painting, Sculpture, Photography, Film Study, Art History
Performing Choir, Drama, Guitar, Dancing, Orchestra, Band
Arts
Vocational Woodwork, Metalwork, Computer-aided Drafting, Cosmetology,
Education Agriculture, Automobile Repairing
Computer We design, Video Game Design, Word Processing, Graphic design,
Science/ IT Film Production, Music Production, Web Programming
Journalism/ School Newspaper, Yearbook, Television Production
Publishing
Business Accounting, Data Processing, Entrepreneurship, Management,
Studies Marketing, Finance, Business, ICT, Secretarial
Family and Nursing, Culinary, Child Development, Weight Management
Consumer
Science
 Types of Schools
 Public Schools
Charter Schools
Magnet Schools
University Preparatory Schools/ Prep Schools
Home Schooling
 Teaching Learning Strategies
• Lecture
• Demonstration
• Experiment
• Case Study
• Team Project
• Collaborative Group Works
• Massive Use of Technology
• Assignment/Project Work
• Practical/Hands on Activities
• Field Trips
 Teaching Learning Strategies (Cont.)

Focus:
 Inclusiveness of learning
 Diverse learners- diverse teaching
 Engaging students
 Constructing practical skills
 Developing leadership
 Creating Technologically skilled citizens
 Enhancing collaboration, social harmony
 Technology in Education
Thousands of Online-
 Schools (K-12)
 Colleges
 Universities
 Diploma courses
 Professional Courses
 Technology in Education (Cont.)
Contributions:
 Enhancing physical with virtual
 Distance learning
 Virtual schooling
 Virtual internship
 Institutionalizing subjects like Film Making, Video Games
Designing etc at school level
 Continuing and independent learning
 Uses of Technology in Classrooms

Used tools/Technologies:
 Computer
 Laptop
 Cell Phones
 Wireless Microphones
 Interactive Screens/Whiteboards
 ipad
 Class Blogs and Wikis
 Digital Textbooks
 Online Study Tools
 Learning Games
Latest Uses of Technology
 Innovations
 Uniquely diversified education system
 AP courses
 Honors Classes for the motivated and Gifted
 Massive online courses and degrees
 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
 No Child Left Behind Act
 Innovative and practical courses at school level
 Magnet School
 Charter School
 Summer School
 Home Schooling
 USA vs Bangladesh
Area of USA Bangladesh
Comparison
Compulsory K-12 Up to grade 5
Education

Centralization Highly decentralized Centralized

Streams Not streams , but different kinds Bengali Medium, English

of schools Medium and Madrasa
education

Curriculum Not fixed, highly diversified and Accords by a national

vast curriculum
Area of USA Bangladesh
Comparison
Teachers’ Qualification Requires to be highly Teachers’ qualification
qualified for each and training is always
particular levels under question
Assessment CRT, NRT, PIRLS, PSC, JSC, SSC, HSC
Benchmark (structured questions)
( highly diversified
methods & formats)
Uses of Technology The contents, teaching Still lagging far behind
learning process and in this aspect
the educational
environment is highly
depended upon
technology
 Worthwhile Features
Extreme diversification of the education
system
AP Courses
Home schooling
Vast private investment in schooling
 Lessons to be Learnt
 Extended compulsory education
 Diversification of education according to needs
 Interactive, collaborative and practical teaching learning
activities
 Enhancing Private investment in education
 Introducing truly inclusive education system
 Online courses, distance and independent learning
 Empowering the youth through education
Action Aid at a glance…
 Name: Action Aid International
 Founder: Cecil Jackson-Cole
 Formed: 1972
 Purpose: Action Aid is a global movement of
people working together to further human
rights for all and defeat poverty
 Headquarter: Johannesburg
 Chief Executive: Adriano Campolina
 Region served: Africa, Asia, Europe, Australia,
the Middle East, Americas
Short introduction of Action Aid...
 Action Aid is an international non-governmental
organization whose primary aim is to fight poverty and
injustice worldwide.
 Action Aid was created as a child sponsorship charity
when 88 UK supporters sponsored 88 children in India and
Kenya, the focus primarily being to provide children with
an education.
 Action Aid helping over 15 million impoverished and
disadvantaged people in 45 countries worldwide.
 Though its head office is located in South Africa it has
hubs in Asia, The Americas and Europe.
 The international functions for campaigning and
fundraising are based in the UK.
 Vision…
A world without poverty and injustice
in which every person enjoys their
right to a life with dignity
Mission…
To work with poor and
excluded people to
eradicate poverty and
injustice.
Values…
Mutual respect
Equity and justice
Honesty and transparency
Solidarity with the poor
Courage of conviction
Independence
Humility
Action Aid's work…
 fighting poverty across the globe
 promoting and secure poor and
marginalized communities basic rights
To achieve its mission, Action Aid also
works in the following areas:

• Women's rights
• Education
• Food rights
 Contd.
• Democratic Governance
• Emergencies and conflict
• Climate change
• Youth
It is also currently focused on 2 international
campaigns:
• Tax Power
• Land For Communities
 Women's rights…(Right to education)
Support excluded and disadvantaged groups,
especially girls, in gaining access to the quality
education which is their right
Promote the rights of all learners within
education systems and ensure that both boys
and girls understand women's rights, and
discrimination and violence are eliminated.
 Partners they work with…

Local community-based organizations and

NGOs
International NGOs
Social movements
Networks
Academic institutions
Government
Private sector
Action Aids Educational
Work…
Education – especially that of girls
and women –
saves lives,
reduces inequality and
transforms communities.
 Promoting rights
in schools

Their
Financing
education
education
work
Girl's focuses
education &
violence on four
key areas:
Empowerment
through
literacy
Action Aid in Bangladesh
 Action Aid Bangladesh

 Action Aid Bangladesh starting its journey

with a very minimalist approach today has
become a relatively important player of the
vibrant NGO movement that seeks to fight
poverty in the country.
 Action Aid came to Bangladesh in 1983 to
support an orphanage in Bhola locally known
as ‘Bittohin’
 accelerate support for anti–poverty initiatives
 improve sustainable development to create a
confident and responsible nation
 Create a indignity and poverty free country
 Present Country Director of Action Aid
Bangladesh is Farah Kabir
Food shortage
Child labor
Inclusive society
Focuses on long-term rehabilitation
activities
Introduce alternative earning way in Sex
worker community where children suffer
from social taboos
Protecting rights of women
River erosion and early marriage issues
Indigenous communities are deprived from
government’s safety-net
Working Sector of Action Aid Bangladesh
Access to Common Food Resourse
Community Adaption
Communication for Development
Cyclone Recovery
Food Security Network
Happy Homes
LEADER
Paribarvittik Jeboo-boichitro Gram
Removing Cultural Barriers IV
Responsible and Accountable Garments
Sustainable Agriculture for Monga Mitigation
Shapla Kuri
Peach With Earth
LEADER
Power In Women!
Action Aid’s Educational Works in Bangladesh

• Providing educational activities in Four areas

1. Programmatic activities
2. Community related activities
3. Quality education & governance related activities
4. Others
Working sectors in USA…
o Biofuels
o Climate Change
o Food and Agriculture
o Emergencies
o Haiti Advocacy
o Land Rights
o Tax Justice
o Women’s Rights
Action Aids Contribution in Some Policy
Making in Bangladesh:
The Policies are-
 Paribarik Nirzaton(Domon o Niontron) law-
2010
 Nagoricotto songshodhoni law-2009
 Toiri Poshak Shilpe Nunotomo Mojuri protha
proborton, 2010
 Bangladesh e fire service o civil defense e
volunteer group toiri, 2010
 Review and Reformation of Disaster
Management law- 2010
Lesson to be learnt
Creating awareness
Sustainable development
Empowering people
 ARTICLE No- 1

Educational Policies and Content in

Developing Countries
By
JACQUES HALLAK
 THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION
SYSTEM
 Quantitative Development:
• Access to Basic Education
• Enrolment of Girls & Migrant Population
• Increase in Secondary Enrolments
• Higher Education Enrolment More Than Double
 Qualitative Conditions:
• Decline in Educational performance
• Persistence of Difficulty
 KEY FACTORS

Budgetary Constraints
Role of International Aid
Human Resources
 EDUCATIONAL POLICIES
Factors Affecting Their Development:

 Economic & Financial Factors

 External Financial bodies
 International Conferences
 Globalization
 Decentralization of Administration
 NEW PROSPECTS
 Priority for Higher Education
 Secondary Education in Search of an Identity
 Social Functions of Higher Education
 Education Throughout Life
 GLOBALIZATION:
Result of Interlocking of the Economic &
Financial Sectors
 Consequences of Globalization:
• Emergence of “Knowledge Societies”
• Transformation of the Nature of Work
• Increase in Social Exclusion
 DEVELOPMENTS BY
GLOBALIZATION
 Exchange of Experiences About
Educational policies
 Convergence of Curricula
 Convergence of Areas of Concerns
 AREAS OF CONCERNS
 Relating to structures
Basic Education and the Alternatives
Levels or Cycles
Secondary Education as a Complete or
Preparatory Course
Initial and Continuing Training

Relating to implementation
 Relating to Methods
Design of Curricular Framework
Replacement of “Uniform Contents”
Introducing New Disciplines
Basic Skills for Initial and Continuing Training
Correction of Overloaded Curricula
Redefining the Role of Teachers
 Relating to implementation
Responsibility for Educational Content
Keeping Policy Decisions at the Centre
Co-ordination between Ministry of Education and Others Ministries
Organizing Teachers Forums
Distribution of Tasks between Trainers and New Technologies
REAL QUESTIONS & UNCERTAIN
REPLIES
 Presented by Group 8

Rabeya Sultana 014-563

Israt Jahan 014-564

Monira Akter 014-565

Shobhana Alam 014-544