Hydrostatics Calculation

Course Code: NAME-158

Group Members:

 A. K. M. Samiu Haque Barnil ID: 201824017

 Anup Kumar Das ID: 201824023
 Ajmain Faieq ID: 201824038
 Abstract

The concept of hydrostatics and stability can be deemed as one of the

most important areas of focus in ship design and operation, not only to
ensure the safety of the ship, cargo, crew and passengers, but also to
enable proper conditions for completion of all the processes on a ship.
In this report some of the hydrostatics parameters are calculated and
afterwards the graphs are drawn against draft. From the graphs, the
relation between draft and hydrostatics parameters can easily be
understood and that is helpful to make further assumption about ship’s
condition and stability.
 CONTENTS
Page No.
1. Objective 01
2. Ship’s Terminology 01-02
3. Used Formula 03-04
4. Principle Particulars & 05
Offset Table
5. Table (Waterline Wise) 06-12
6. Table for Volume 13-14
7. Table (Station Wise) 15-39
8. Summarization Table 40
9. Graphs
i. Draft vs. Displacement 41
ii. Draft vs. TPC 42
iii. Draft vs. CF 43
iv. Draft vs. BMT 44
v. Draft vs. BML 45
vi. Draft vs. VCB/KB 46
vii. Draft vs. MCT 1cm 47
viii. Draft vs. LCB 48
10. Conclusion 49
Objective:

 To know about hydrostatics properties and their importance.

 To calculate the various hydrostatics properties of ship, including calculation
of ship’s Displacement, TPC, Center of floatation, BMT, BML, Vertical center
of buoyancy, Longitudinal center of buoyancy, MCT 1cm.
 To draw the graphs for various hydrostatics properties against draft.
 To know the process of generating offset table and use it in hydrostatics
calculation.
 To know the relation of various hydrostatics properties with draft.

Ship’s Terminology:

 Hull: The structural body of a ship including shell, plating, farming, decks and
bulkheads.
 Bow: The forward of the ship.
 Stern: The after end of the ship.
 Port: The left hand side of the ship while looking forward.
 Starboard: The right hand side of the ship while looking forward.
 Amidships: The point midway between the forward and after perpendicular.
 Length Overall (LOA): The maximum length from the forward most point of
the ship’s hull to the aft-most point, is called Length Overall.
 Forward Perpendicular: The perpendicular drawn at the point where the
bow of the ship meets the waterline while it floats at design draft, is called
Forward Perpendicular (FP).

Page | 1
  Aft perpendicular: The perpendicular drawn through the rudder stock is
called the Aft Perpendicular (AP).
 Length between Perpendiculars (LBP): The longitudinal distance between
the forward and aft perpendiculars is called length between perpendiculars.
 Load Waterline (LWL): The waterline at which the ship will float when fully
loaded.
 Draft: The vertical distance from the waterline at any point on the hull to the
bottom of the ship.
 Trim: The difference between aft and forward drafts.
 Tonne Displacement (Δ): Tonne displacement is the weight of water
displaced by the ship when the ship floats freely at rest.
 Volume Displacement (∇): Volume displacement is the volume of water
displaced by the ship when the ship floats freely at rest.
 Tonnes per Centimeter Immersion (TPC): Tonnes per centimeter Immersion
or TPC is the required weight in tonne to increase the draft by 1 cm.
 Center of Floatation (CF): When the ship floats at a particular draft, any
trimming moment acting on the ship would act about a particular point on
the water plane. This point is the centroid of the area of the water plane, and
is called the center of floatation.
 Metacenter: When a ship heels, the center of buoyancy of the ship moves
laterally. It might also move up or down with respect to the waterline. The
point at which a vertical line through the heeled center of buoyancy crosses
the line through the original, vertical center of buoyancy is the metacenter.
 Buoyancy: Buoyancy is the up thrust exerted by the liquid when a ship is
floated at rest.
 MCT 1cm: Moment to change trim by 1cm or MCT 1cm is the required
moment that is need to be achieved to change the trim by 1cm.
 Center of Buoyancy: Center of buoyancy is the centroid of the immersed part
of a ship or other floating body.

Page | 2
Formula used for hydrostatics calculation:

Simpson’s 1st Rule:

ℎ
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = (𝑦1 + 4𝑦2 + 2𝑦3 + ⋯ + 2𝑦𝑛−2 + 4𝑦𝑛−1 + 𝑦𝑛 )
3

[where, ‘n’ is an odd number]

Simpson’s 2nd Rule:
3ℎ
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = (𝑦1 + 3𝑦2 + 3𝑦3 + 2𝑦4 … + 2𝑦𝑛−3 + 3𝑦𝑛−2 + 3𝑦𝑛−1 + 𝑦𝑛 )
8

[where, 𝑛 = 3𝑚 + 1]
(5, 8, -1) Rule:
ℎ
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = (5𝑦1 + 8𝑦2 − 𝑦3 )
12

Six ordinate Rule:

25ℎ 2 2
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = ( 𝑦1 + 𝑦2 + 𝑦3 + 𝑦4 + 𝑦5 + 𝑦6 )
24 5 5

TPC:
𝐴𝑤
𝑇𝑃𝐶 = ×𝜌
100

Center of floatation about amidships:

𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝐶𝐹 =
𝐴𝑤

Transverse moment of Inertia about Longitudinal axis:

2
𝐼𝑇 = ∫ 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥
3

Longitudinal moment of Inertia about amidships:

𝐼𝐿 = 2 ∫ 𝑦𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
Longitudinal moment of Inertia about CF:
𝐼𝐶𝐹 = 𝐼𝐿 − (𝐴𝑤 × 𝐶𝐹 2 )

Page | 3
BMT :
𝐼𝑇
𝐵𝑀𝑇 =
∇

BML :
𝐼𝐿
𝐵𝑀𝐿 =
∇

Longitudinal Center of Buoyancy about amidships:

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡(𝐿𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑦)
𝐿𝐶𝐵 =
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒

Vertical Center of Buoyancy about Keel (VCB/KB):

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡(𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑦)
𝐾𝐵 =
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒

Tonne Displacement:
∆= 𝜌 × ∇
MCT 1cm:
∆×𝐵𝑀𝐿
𝑀𝐶𝑇 1𝑐𝑚 =
100𝐿

Symbols used in Formula:

h = Spacing
Y = Ordinate / Half-Breadth
Aw = Waterplane Area
𝜌 = Density of sea water
IT = Transverse moment of Inertia
IL = Longitudinal moment of Inertia
∆ = Tonne Displacement
∇ = Volume Displacement

Page | 4
 Offset Table

Station Tan/WL-0 WL-1 WL-2 WL-3 WL-4 WL-5 WL-6

AP 0 0 0 0 1.8 4.16 5.36
0.5 0.12 0.36 0.39 0.8 3.97 6.14 7.25
1 0.43 1.46 1.87 2.96 5.66 7.54 8.55
1.5 0.88 2.61 3.35 4.78 6.94 8.6 9.45
2 1.4 3.79 4.81 6.3 8.01 9.36 10.08
Principle Particulars 3 2.89 6.1 7.38 8.61 9.58 10.3 10.85
LOA (m) 4 4.65 8.17 9.35 10.13 10.59 10.91 11.15
LBP (m) 146 5 6.56 9.81 10.59 10.94 11.12 11.21 11.25
Breadth (m) 22.5 6 8.21 10.78 11.15 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25
Depth (m) 13.5 7 9.16 11.21 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25
Draft (m) 9 8 9.53 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25
Waterline 9 9.57 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25
Spacing 1.5 10 9.57 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25
Station 11 9.57 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25
Spacing 7.3 12 9.57 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25
Speed 13 9.57 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25
(knot) 10 14 9.57 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25
Cb 0.8 15 9.47 11.2 11.23 11.25 11.25 11.25 11.25
16 8.64 10.83 11.06 11.19 11.24 11.25 11.25
17 6.66 9.76 10.37 10.67 10.85 10.97 11.07
18 4.05 7.9 8.71 9.09 9.34 9.59 10.02
18.5 2.74 6.54 7.32 7.66 7.88 8.19 8.77
19 1.53 4.9 5.47 5.68 5.87 6.23 6.9
19.5 0.51 2.64 2.9 3 3.22 3.58 4.25
FP 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 1.1

Page | 5
 Table-01: WL-0
Product for
Product for
Station WL-0 SM Lever area
Area
moment
AP 0 0.5 0 10 0
0.5 0.12 2 0.24 9.5 2.28
1 0.43 1 0.43 9 3.87 Area 1907
1.5 0.88 2 1.76 8.5 14.96 TPC 19.55
2 1.4 1.5 2.1 8 16.8
Centre of
3 2.89 4 11.56 7 80.92 -5.74
floatation
4 4.65 2 9.3 6 55.8
5 6.56 4 26.24 5 131.2
6 8.21 2 16.42 4 65.68
7 9.16 4 36.64 3 109.92
8 9.53 2 19.06 2 38.12
9 9.57 4 38.28 1 38.28
10 9.57 2 19.14 0 0
11 9.57 4 38.28 -1 -38.28
12 9.57 2 19.14 -2 -38.28
13 9.57 4 38.28 -3 -114.84
14 9.57 2 19.14 -4 -76.56
15 9.47 4 37.88 -5 -189.4
16 8.64 2 17.28 -6 -103.68
17 6.66 4 26.64 -7 -186.48
18 4.05 1.5 6.075 -8 -48.6
18.5 2.74 2 5.48 -8.5 -46.58
19 1.53 1 1.53 -9 -13.77
19.5 0.51 2 1.02 -9.5 -9.69
FP 0 0.5 0 -10 0
Sum = 391.915 -308.33

Page | 6
 Table-02: WL-1
Product for Product for
Product Product Product Product for
transverse longitudinal
Station WL-1 SM for Lever for area Area for Volume
moment of moment of Area 2555.365
Area moment Volume Moment
inertia inertia
TPC 26.19249
AP 0 0.5 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Centre of
0.5 0.36 2 0.72 9.5 6.84 0.093312 64.98 0.7725 1.545 14.6775 -4.961206
floatation
1 1.46 1 1.46 9 13.14 3.112136 118.26 2.99 2.99 26.91
Volume 3414.718
1.5 2.61 2 5.22 8.5 44.37 35.559162 377.145 5.4825 10.965 93.2025
2 3.79 1.5 5.685 8 45.48 81.6599085 363.84 8.1275 12.1913 97.53 LCB -5.311532
3 6.1 4 24.4 7 170.8 907.924 1195.6 13.9675 55.87 391.09 Transverse
4 8.17 2 16.34 6 98.04 1090.67703 588.24 19.815 39.63 237.78 moment of 90592.4
5 9.81 4 39.24 5 196.2 3776.30456 981 25.1725 100.69 503.45 inertia
6 10.78 2 21.56 4 86.24 2505.4531 344.96 29.035 58.07 232.28 BMT 26.52998
7 11.21 4 44.84 3 134.52 5634.77824 403.56 31.0575 124.23 372.69
Longitudinal
8 11.25 2 22.5 2 45 2847.65625 90 31.6 63.2 126.4
moment of
9 11.25 4 45 1 45 5695.3125 45 31.65 126.6 126.6 inertia 3076387
10 11.25 2 22.5 0 0 2847.65625 0 31.65 63.3 0 about
11 11.25 4 45 -1 -45 5695.3125 45 31.65 126.6 -126.6 midship
12 11.25 2 22.5 -2 -45 2847.65625 90 31.65 63.3 -126.6
Longitudinal
13 11.25 4 45 -3 -135 5695.3125 405 31.65 126.6 -379.8
moment of
14 11.25 2 22.5 -4 -90 2847.65625 360 31.65 63.3 -253.2
inertia
15 11.2 4 44.8 -5 -224 5619.712 1120 31.43 125.72 -628.6 3013490
about
16 10.83 2 21.66 -6 -129.96 2540.47757 779.76 29.695 59.39 -356.34 centre of
17 9.76 4 39.04 -7 -273.28 3718.8567 1912.96 25.2525 101.01 -707.07 floatation
18 7.9 1.5 11.85 -8 -94.8 739.5585 758.4 18.685 28.0275 -224.22
BML 882.5004
18.5 6.54 2 13.08 -8.5 -111.18 559.452528 945.03 14.675 29.35 -249.475
LCB -5.311532298
19 4.9 1 4.9 -9 -44.1 117.649 396.9 10.345 10.345 -93.105
19.5 2.64 2 5.28 -9.5 -50.16 36.799488 476.52 5.1925 10.385 -98.6575
FP 0 0.5 0 -10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sum = 525.075 -356.85 55844.6298 11862.155 493.195 1403.31 -1021.0575

Page | 7
 Table-03: WL-2
Product for Product for Product
Product Product Product
transverse longitudinal for
Station WL-2 SM for Lever for area Area for
moment of moment of Volume
Area moment Volume Area 2661.7747
inertia inertia Moment
AP 0 0.5 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 TPC 27.28319
0.5 0.39 2 0.78 9.5 7.41 0.118638 70.395 1.95 3.9 37.05 Centre of
1 1.87 1 1.87 9 16.83 6.539203 151.47 8.14 8.14 73.26 -4.167196
floatation
1.5 3.35 2 6.7 8.5 56.95 75.19075 484.075 14.67 29.34 249.39
Transverse
2 4.81 1.5 7.215 8 57.72 166.926962 461.76 21.37 32.055 256.44
moment of 97342.583
3 7.38 4 29.52 7 206.64 1607.78909 1446.48 34.67 138.68 970.76 inertia
4 9.35 2 18.7 6 112.2 1634.80075 673.2 46.68 93.36 560.16
BMT 13.162804
5 10.59 4 42.36 5 211.8 4750.59352 1059 56.39 225.56 1127.8
6 11.15 2 22.3 4 89.2 2772.39175 356.8 62.48 124.96 499.84 Longitudinal
7 11.25 4 45 3 135 5695.3125 405 65.25 261 783 moment of
8 11.25 2 22.5 2 45 2847.65625 90 65.78 131.56 263.12 inertia 3359924.3
9 11.25 4 45 1 45 5695.3125 45 65.82 263.28 263.28 about
midship
10 11.25 2 22.5 0 0 2847.65625 0 65.82 131.64 0
11 11.25 4 45 -1 -45 5695.3125 45 65.82 263.28 -263.28 Longitudinal
12 11.25 2 22.5 -2 -45 2847.65625 90 65.82 131.64 -263.28 moment of
13 11.25 4 45 -3 -135 5695.3125 405 65.82 263.28 -789.84 inertia
3313701.2
about
14 11.25 2 22.5 -4 -90 2847.65625 360 65.82 131.64 -526.56
centre of
15 11.23 4 44.92 -5 -224.6 5664.99147 1123 65.5 262 -1310
floatation
16 11.06 2 22.12 -6 -132.72 2705.79803 796.32 63.02 126.04 -756.24
17 10.37 4 41.48 -7 -290.36 4460.63061 2032.52 56.07 224.28 -1569.96 BML 448.08343
18 8.71 1.5 13.065 -8 -104.52 991.164467 836.16 44.36 66.54 -532.32 Volume 7395.2772
18.5 7.32 2 14.64 -8.5 -124.44 784.446336 1057.74 36.22 72.44 -615.74
LCB -4.919142
19 5.47 1 5.47 -9 -49.23 163.667323 443.07 26.6 26.6 -239.4
19.5 2.9 2 5.8 -9.5 -55.1 48.778 523.45 13.97 27.94 -265.43
FP 0 0.5 0 -10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sum = 546.94 -312.22 60005.7019 12955.44 1078 3039.16 -2047.95

Page | 8
 Table-04: WL-3
Product for Product for
Product Product Product Product for
transverse longitudinal
Station WL-3 SM for Lever for area Area for Volume
moment of moment of
Area moment Volume Moment Area 2750.7617
inertia inertia
AP 0 0.5 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 TPC 28.195307
0.5 0.8 2 1.6 9.5 15.2 1.024 144.4 3.566 7.1325 67.75875 Centre of
-2.910055
1 2.96 1 2.96 9 26.64 25.934336 239.76 15.05 15.0525 135.4725 floatation
1.5 4.78 2 9.56 8.5 81.26 218.430704 690.71 26.48 52.965 450.2025 Transverse
2 6.3 1.5 9.45 8 75.6 375.0705 604.8 37.69 56.5313 452.25 moment of 102409.25
3 8.61 4 34.44 7 241.08 2553.10952 1687.56 58.43 233.73 1636.11 inertia
4 10.13 2 20.26 6 121.56 2079.01839 729.36 75.76 151.515 909.09 BMT 8.9643211
5 10.94 4 43.76 5 218.8 5237.35434 1094 88.54 354.15 1770.75
Longitudinal
6 11.25 2 22.5 4 90 2847.65625 360 95.91 191.813 767.25
moment of
7 11.25 4 45 3 135 5695.3125 405 98.76 395.055 1185.165 inertia 3629186.3
8 11.25 2 22.5 2 45 2847.65625 90 99.32 198.63 397.26 about
9 11.25 4 45 1 45 5695.3125 45 99.36 397.44 397.44 midship
10 11.25 2 22.5 0 0 2847.65625 0 99.36 198.72 0
11 11.25 4 45 -1 -45 5695.3125 45 99.36 397.44 -397.44 Longitudinal
moment of
12 11.25 2 22.5 -2 -45 2847.65625 90 99.36 198.72 -397.44
inertia
13 11.25 4 45 -3 -135 5695.3125 405 99.36 397.44 -1192.32 3605891.7
about
14 11.25 2 22.5 -4 -90 2847.65625 360 99.36 198.72 -794.88 centre of
15 11.25 4 45 -5 -225 5695.3125 1125 99.01 396.045 -1980.225 floatation
16 11.19 2 22.38 -6 -134.28 2802.33632 805.68 96.19 192.375 -1154.25
BML 315.63918
17 10.67 4 42.68 -7 -298.76 4859.07105 2091.32 87.44 349.74 -2448.18
Volume 11424.094
18 9.09 1.5 13.635 -8 -109.08 1126.63414 872.64 70.84 106.262 -850.095
LCB -4.444634
18.5 7.66 2 15.32 -8.5 -130.22 898.910192 1106.87 58.48 116.955 -994.1175
19 5.68 1 5.68 -9 -51.12 183.250432 460.08 43.11 43.11 -387.99
19.5 3 2 6 -9.5 -57 54 541.5 22.65 45.2925 -430.27875
FP 0 0.5 0 -10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sum = 565.225 -225.32 63128.9877 13993.68 1673 4694.83 -2858.4675

Page | 9
 Table-05: WL-4
Product for Product for Product
Product Product Product
transverse longitudinal for
Station WL-4 SM for Lever for area Area for
moment of moment of Volume
Area moment Volume
inertia inertia Moment Area 2870.53
AP 1.8 0.5 0.9 10 9 2.916 90 1.8 0.9 9
TPC 29.4229
0.5 3.97 2 7.94 9.5 75.43 125.141546 716.585 9.51 19.02 180.69
1 5.66 1 5.66 9 50.94 181.321496 458.46 27.51 27.51 247.59 Centre of
-0.69976
1.5 6.94 2 13.88 8.5 117.98 668.510768 1002.83 44.08 88.16 749.36 floatation
2 8.01 1.5 12.015 8 96.12 770.883602 768.96 59.39 89.085 712.68 Transverse
3 9.58 4 38.32 7 268.24 3516.87165 1877.68 86.07 344.28 2409.96 moment of 107513
4 10.59 2 21.18 6 127.08 2375.29676 762.48 107.1 214.28 1285.68 inertia
5 11.12 4 44.48 5 222.4 5500.14771 1112 121.9 487.44 2437.2 BMT 6.86414
6 11.25 2 22.5 4 90 2847.65625 360 129.9 259.76 1039.04 Longitudinal
7 11.25 4 45 3 135 5695.3125 405 132.8 531 1593 moment of
8 11.25 2 22.5 2 45 2847.65625 90 133.3 266.56 533.12 inertia 4082566
9 11.25 4 45 1 45 5695.3125 45 133.3 533.28 533.28 about
10 11.25 2 22.5 0 0 2847.65625 0 133.3 266.64 0 midship
11 11.25 4 45 -1 -45 5695.3125 45 133.3 533.28 -533.28 Longitudinal
12 11.25 2 22.5 -2 -45 2847.65625 90 133.3 266.64 -533.28 moment of
inertia
13 11.25 4 45 -3 -135 5695.3125 405 133.3 533.28 -1599.84 4081161
about
14 11.25 2 22.5 -4 -90 2847.65625 360 133.3 266.64 -1066.56 centre of
15 11.25 4 45 -5 -225 5695.3125 1125 133 531.92 -2659.6 floatation
16 11.24 2 22.48 -6 -134.88 2840.06925 809.28 130.1 260.16 -1560.96 BML 260.561
17 10.85 4 43.4 -7 -303.8 5109.1565 2126.6 120 479.88 -3359.16
Volume 15663
18 9.34 1.5 14.01 -8 -112.08 1222.17076 896.64 98.77 148.155 -1185.24
18.5 7.88 2 15.76 -8.5 -133.96 978.607744 1138.66 82.06 164.12 -1395.02 LCB -3.76293
19 5.87 1 5.87 -9 -52.83 202.262003 475.47 60.66 60.66 -545.94
19.5 3.22 2 6.44 -9.5 -61.18 66.772496 581.21 32.09 64.18 -609.71
FP 0 0.5 0 -10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sum = 589.835 -56.54 66274.972 15741.855 2310 6436.83 -3317.99

Page | 10
 Table-06: WL-5
Product for Product for
Product Product Product Product for
transverse longitudinal
Station WL-5 SM for Lever for area Area for Volume
moment of moment of Area 2965.187
Area moment Volume Moment
inertia inertia
TPC 30.3931668
AP 4.16 0.5 2.08 10 20.8 35.995648 208 10.83 5.4125 54.125
0.5 6.14 2 12.28 9.5 116.66 462.951088 1108.27 25.08 50.15 476.425 Centre of
0.71048852
floatation
1 7.54 1 7.54 9 67.86 428.661064 610.74 47.31 47.3063 425.75625
1.5 8.6 2 17.2 8.5 146.2 1272.112 1242.7 67.1 134.2 1140.7 Transverse
moment of 112956.95
2 9.36 1.5 14.04 8 112.32 1230.03878 898.56 85.04 127.566 1020.525
inertia
3 10.3 4 41.2 7 288.4 4370.908 2018.8 115.5 461.825 3232.775
BMT 5.6533974
4 10.91 2 21.82 6 130.92 2597.19314 785.52 139 277.9 1667.4
5 11.21 4 44.84 5 224.2 5634.77824 1121 154.9 619.6 3098 Longitudinal
moment of
6 11.25 2 22.5 4 90 2847.65625 360 163.2 326.338 1305.35
inertia 4449997.88
7 11.25 4 45 3 135 5695.3125 405 166 664.05 1992.15 about
8 11.25 2 22.5 2 45 2847.65625 90 166.6 333.2 666.4 midship
9 11.25 4 45 1 45 5695.3125 45 166.7 666.6 666.6 Longitudinal
10 11.25 2 22.5 0 0 2847.65625 0 166.7 333.3 0 moment of
11 11.25 4 45 -1 -45 5695.3125 45 166.7 666.6 -666.6 inertia
4448501.07
12 11.25 2 22.5 -2 -45 2847.65625 90 166.7 333.3 -666.6 about
centre of
13 11.25 4 45 -3 -135 5695.3125 405 166.7 666.6 -1999.8
floatation
14 11.25 2 22.5 -4 -90 2847.65625 360 166.7 333.3 -1333.2
BML 222.643621
15 11.25 4 45 -5 -225 5695.3125 1125 166.3 665.225 -3326.125
16 11.25 2 22.5 -6 -135 2847.65625 810 163.4 326.725 -1960.35 Volume 19980.3661
17 10.97 4 43.88 -7 -307.16 5280.55869 2150.12 152.2 608.775 -4261.425 LCB -2.9186664
18 9.59 1.5 14.385 -8 -115.08 1322.96112 920.64 126.6 189.825 -1518.6
18.5 8.19 2 16.38 -8.5 -139.23 1098.70652 1183.455 105.5 211.075 -1794.1375
19 6.23 1 6.23 -9 -56.07 241.804367 504.63 78.2 78.2 -703.8
19.5 3.58 2 7.16 -9.5 -68.02 91.765424 646.19 41.86 83.725 -795.3875
FP 0.5 0.5 0.25 -10 -2.5 0.0625 25 0.625 0.3125 -3.125
Sum = 609.285 59.3 69630.9966 17158.625 2975 8211.11 -3282.94375

Page | 11
 Table-07: WL-6
Product for Product for Product
Product Product Product
transverse longitudinal for
Station WL-6 SM for Lever for area Area for
moment of moment of Volume Area 3033.15
Area moment Volume
inertia inertia Moment
TPC 31.0897875
AP 5.36 0.5 2.68 10 26.8 76.995328 268 25.6 12.8 128
0.5 7.25 2 14.5 9.5 137.75 762.15625 1308.625 45.29 90.58 860.51 Centre of
1.14867389
1 8.55 1 8.55 9 76.95 625.026375 692.55 71.88 71.88 646.92 floatation
1.5 9.45 2 18.9 8.5 160.65 1687.81725 1365.525 94.87 189.74 1612.79 Transverse
2 10.08 1.5 15.12 8 120.96 1536.28877 967.68 114.9 172.38 1379.04 moment of 117764.75
3 10.85 4 43.4 7 303.8 5109.1565 2126.6 147.7 590.8 4135.6 inertia
4 11.15 2 22.3 6 133.8 2772.39175 802.8 172.5 345.04 2070.24 BMT 4.79787932
5 11.25 4 45 5 225 5695.3125 1125 189.1 756.28 3781.4 Longitudinal
6 11.25 2 22.5 4 90 2847.65625 360 197.4 394.76 1579.04 moment of
7 11.25 4 45 3 135 5695.3125 405 200.3 801 2403 inertia 4712736.07
8 11.25 2 22.5 2 45 2847.65625 90 200.8 401.56 803.12 about
9 11.25 4 45 1 45 5695.3125 45 200.8 803.28 803.28 midship
10 11.25 2 22.5 0 0 2847.65625 0 200.8 401.64 0 Longitudinal
11 11.25 4 45 -1 -45 5695.3125 45 200.8 803.28 -803.28 moment of
12 11.25 2 22.5 -2 -45 2847.65625 90 200.8 401.64 -803.28 inertia
4708733.98
13 11.25 4 45 -3 -135 5695.3125 405 200.8 803.28 -2409.84 about
centre of
14 11.25 2 22.5 -4 -90 2847.65625 360 200.8 401.64 -1606.56
floatation
15 11.25 4 45 -5 -225 5695.3125 1125 200.5 801.92 -4009.6
16 11.25 2 22.5 -6 -135 2847.65625 810 197.6 395.14 -2370.84 BML 191.839556
17 11.07 4 44.28 -7 -309.96 5426.28817 2169.72 185.8 743.08 -5201.56 Volume 24545.1672
18 10.02 1.5 15.03 -8 -120.24 1509.01801 961.92 156.5 234.735 -1877.88
LCB -2.1995119
18.5 8.77 2 17.54 -8.5 -149.09 1349.05227 1267.265 131.5 262.94 -2234.99
19 6.9 1 6.9 -9 -62.1 328.509 558.9 98.35 98.35 -885.15
19.5 4.25 2 8.5 -9.5 -80.75 153.53125 767.125 53.88 107.76 -1023.72
FP 1.1 0.5 0.55 -10 -5.5 0.6655 55 3.1 1.55 -15.5
Sum = 623.25 98.07 72594.7089 18171.71 3692 10087.1 -3039.26

Page | 12
 Table-08: For Volume upto WL-6 Table-09: For Volume upto WL-5
Product Product for
Product Product for Waterline Area SM for Multiplier volume
Waterline Area SM for Multiplier volume volume moment
volume moment
0 1907.32 0.4 762.9279 0 0
0 1907.32 1 1907.32 0 0 1 2555.365 1 2555.365 1 2555.365
1 2555.365 4 10221.46 1 10221.46 2 2661.775 1 2661.775 2 5323.54933
2 2661.775 2 5323.549 2 10647.0987 3 2750.762 1 2750.762 3 8252.285
3 2750.762 4 11003.05 3 33009.14 4 2870.53 1 2870.53 4 11482.1213
4 2870.53 2 5741.061 4 22964.2427 5 2965.187 0.4 1186.075 5 5930.374
5 2965.187 4 11860.75 5 59303.74 12787.43 33543.6947
6 3033.15 1 3033.15 6 18198.9 Volume = 19980.37
49090.33 154344.581 VCB/KB 3.934764
Volume = 24545.17
VCB/KB 4.71614

Table-10: For Volume upto WL-4

Product Product for
Waterline Area SM for Multiplier volume
volume moment
0 1907.32 1 1907.32 0 0
1 2555.365 4 10221.46 1 10221.46
2 2661.775 2 5323.549 2 10647.0987
3 2750.762 4 11003.05 3 33009.14
4 2870.53 1 2870.53 4 11482.1213
31325.91 65359.82
Volume = 15662.95
VCB/KB 3.129669

Page | 13
 Table-11: For Volume upto WL-3 Table-12: For Volume upto WL-2
Product Product Product for
Product
for Waterline Area SM for Multiplier volume
Waterline Area SM for Multiplier
volume volume moment
volume
moment
0 1907.32 1 1907.32 0 0
0 1907.32 1 1907.32 0 0
1 2555.365 4 10221.46 1 10221.46
1 2555.365 3 7666.095 1 7666.095
2 2661.775 1 2661.775 2 5323.54933
2 2661.775 3 7985.324 2 15970.648
14790.55 15545.0093
3 2750.762 1 2750.762 3 8252.285
Volume = 7395.277
20309.5 31889.028
VCB/KB 1.576514
Volume = 11424.09
VCB/KB 2.35523

Table-13: For Volume upto WL-1

Product Product for
Waterline Area SM for Multiplier volume
volume moment
0 1907.32 5 9536.598 0 0
1 2555.365 8 20442.92 1 20442.92
2 2661.775 -1 -2661.77 2 -5323.5493
27317.74 15119.3707
Volume = 3414.718
VCB/KB 0.830195

Page | 14
 Station: AP

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
AP AP AP
WL-0 0 1 0 WL-0 0 0.4 0 WL-0 0 1 0
WL-1 0 4 0 WL-1 0 1 0 WL-1 0 4 0
WL-2 0 2 0 WL-2 0 1 0 WL-2 0 2 0
WL-3 0 4 0 WL-3 0 1 0 WL-3 0 4 0
WL-4 1.8 2 3.6 WL-4 1.8 1 1.8 WL-4 1.8 1 1.8
WL-5 4.16 4 16.64 WL-5 4.16 0.4 1.664 1.8
WL-6 5.36 1 5.36 3.464 Spacing = 1.5
25.6 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 1.8
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 10.825
Area = 25.6

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
AP AP AP
WL-0 0 1 0 WL-0 0 1 0 WL-0 0 5 0
WL-1 0 3 0 WL-1 0 4 0 WL-1 0 8 0
WL-2 0 3 0 WL-2 0 1 0 WL-2 0 -1 0
WL-3 0 1 0 0 0
0 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 0 Area = 0
Area = 0

Page | 15
 Station: 0.5

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
0.5 0.5 0.5
WL-0 0.12 1 0.12 WL-0 0.12 0.4 0.048 WL-0 0.12 1 0.12
WL-1 0.36 4 1.44 WL-1 0.36 1 0.36 WL-1 0.36 4 1.44
WL-2 0.39 2 0.78 WL-2 0.39 1 0.39 WL-2 0.39 2 0.78
WL-3 0.8 4 3.2 WL-3 0.8 1 0.8 WL-3 0.8 4 3.2
WL-4 3.97 2 7.94 WL-4 3.97 1 3.97 WL-4 3.97 1 3.97
WL-5 6.14 4 24.56 WL-5 6.14 0.4 2.456 9.51
WL-6 7.25 1 7.25 8.024 Spacing = 1.5
45.29 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 9.51
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 25.075
Area = 45.29

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
0.5 0.5 0.5
WL-0 0.12 1 0.12 WL-0 0.12 1 0.12 WL-0 0.12 5 0.6
WL-1 0.36 3 1.08 WL-1 0.36 4 1.44 WL-1 0.36 8 2.88
WL-2 0.39 3 1.17 WL-2 0.39 1 0.39 WL-2 0.39 -1 -0.39
WL-3 0.8 1 0.8 1.95 3.09
3.17 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 1.95 Area = 0.7725
Area = 3.56625

Page | 16
 Station: 1

Waterline Station - 1 SM Product Waterline Station - 1 SM Product Waterline Station - 1 SM Product

WL-0 0.43 1 0.43 WL-0 0.43 0.4 0.172 WL-0 0.43 1 0.43
WL-1 1.46 4 5.84 WL-1 1.46 1 1.46 WL-1 1.46 4 5.84
WL-2 1.87 2 3.74 WL-2 1.87 1 1.87 WL-2 1.87 2 3.74
WL-3 2.96 4 11.84 WL-3 2.96 1 2.96 WL-3 2.96 4 11.84
WL-4 5.66 2 11.32 WL-4 5.66 1 5.66 WL-4 5.66 1 5.66
WL-5 7.54 4 30.16 WL-5 7.54 0.4 3.016 27.51
WL-6 8.55 1 8.55 15.138 Spacing = 1.5
71.88 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 27.51
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 47.30625
Area = 71.88

Waterline Station - 1 SM Product Waterline Station - 1 SM Product Waterline Station - 1 SM Product

WL-0 0.43 1 0.43 WL-0 0.43 1 0.43 WL-0 0.43 5 2.15
WL-1 1.46 3 4.38 WL-1 1.46 4 5.84 WL-1 1.46 8 11.68
WL-2 1.87 3 5.61 WL-2 1.87 1 1.87 WL-2 1.87 -1 -1.87
WL-3 2.96 1 2.96 8.14 11.96
13.38 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 8.14 Area = 2.99
Area = 15.0525

Page | 17
 Station: 1.5

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
1.5 1.5 1.5
WL-0 0.88 1 0.88 WL-0 0.88 0.4 0.352 WL-0 0.88 1 0.88
WL-1 2.61 4 10.44 WL-1 2.61 1 2.61 WL-1 2.61 4 10.44
WL-2 3.35 2 6.7 WL-2 3.35 1 3.35 WL-2 3.35 2 6.7
WL-3 4.78 4 19.12 WL-3 4.78 1 4.78 WL-3 4.78 4 19.12
WL-4 6.94 2 13.88 WL-4 6.94 1 6.94 WL-4 6.94 1 6.94
WL-5 8.6 4 34.4 WL-5 8.6 0.4 3.44 44.08
WL-6 9.45 1 9.45 21.472 Spacing = 1.5
94.87 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 44.08
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 67.1
Area = 94.87

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
1.5 1.5 1.5
WL-0 0.88 1 0.88 WL-0 0.88 1 0.88 WL-0 0.88 5 4.4
WL-1 2.61 3 7.83 WL-1 2.61 4 10.44 WL-1 2.61 8 20.88
WL-2 3.35 3 10.05 WL-2 3.35 1 3.35 WL-2 3.35 -1 -3.35
WL-3 4.78 1 4.78 14.67 21.93
23.54 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 14.67 Area = 5.4825
Area = 26.4825

Page | 18
 Station: 2

Waterline Station - 2 SM Product Waterline Station - 2 SM Product Waterline Station - 2 SM Product

WL-0 1.4 1 1.4 WL-0 1.4 0.4 0.56 WL-0 1.4 1 1.4
WL-1 3.79 4 15.16 WL-1 3.79 1 3.79 WL-1 3.79 4 15.16
WL-2 4.81 2 9.62 WL-2 4.81 1 4.81 WL-2 4.81 2 9.62
WL-3 6.3 4 25.2 WL-3 6.3 1 6.3 WL-3 6.3 4 25.2
WL-4 8.01 2 16.02 WL-4 8.01 1 8.01 WL-4 8.01 1 8.01
WL-5 9.36 4 37.44 WL-5 9.36 0.4 3.744 59.39
WL-6 10.08 1 10.08 27.214 Spacing = 1.5
114.92 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 59.39
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 85.04375
Area = 114.92

Waterline Station - 2 SM Product Waterline Station - 2 SM Product Waterline Station - 2 SM Product

WL-0 1.4 1 1.4 WL-0 1.4 1 1.4 WL-0 1.4 5 7
WL-1 3.79 3 11.37 WL-1 3.79 4 15.16 WL-1 3.79 8 30.32
WL-2 4.81 3 14.43 WL-2 4.81 1 4.81 WL-2 4.81 -1 -4.81
WL-3 6.3 1 6.3 21.37 32.51
33.5 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 21.37 Area = 8.1275
Area = 37.6875

Page | 19
 Station: 3

Waterline Station - 3 SM Product Waterline Station - 3 SM Product Waterline Station - 3 SM Product

WL-0 2.89 1 2.89 WL-0 2.89 0.4 1.156 WL-0 2.89 1 2.89
WL-1 6.1 4 24.4 WL-1 6.1 1 6.1 WL-1 6.1 4 24.4
WL-2 7.38 2 14.76 WL-2 7.38 1 7.38 WL-2 7.38 2 14.76
WL-3 8.61 4 34.44 WL-3 8.61 1 8.61 WL-3 8.61 4 34.44
WL-4 9.58 2 19.16 WL-4 9.58 1 9.58 WL-4 9.58 1 9.58
WL-5 10.3 4 41.2 WL-5 10.3 0.4 4.12 86.07
WL-6 10.85 1 10.85 36.946 Spacing = 1.5
147.7 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 86.07
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 115.45625
Area = 147.7

Waterline Station - 3 SM Product Waterline Station - 3 SM Product Waterline Station - 3 SM Product

WL-0 2.89 1 2.89 WL-0 2.89 1 2.89 WL-0 2.89 5 14.45
WL-1 6.1 3 18.3 WL-1 6.1 4 24.4 WL-1 6.1 8 48.8
WL-2 7.38 3 22.14 WL-2 7.38 1 7.38 WL-2 7.38 -1 -7.38
WL-3 8.61 1 8.61 34.67 55.87
51.94 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 34.67 Area = 13.9675
Area = 58.4325

Page | 20
 Station: 4

Waterline Station - 4 SM Product Waterline Station - 4 SM Product Waterline Station - 4 SM Product

WL-0 4.65 1 4.65 WL-0 4.65 0.4 1.86 WL-0 4.65 1 4.65
WL-1 8.17 4 32.68 WL-1 8.17 1 8.17 WL-1 8.17 4 32.68
WL-2 9.35 2 18.7 WL-2 9.35 1 9.35 WL-2 9.35 2 18.7
WL-3 10.13 4 40.52 WL-3 10.13 1 10.13 WL-3 10.13 4 40.52
WL-4 10.59 2 21.18 WL-4 10.59 1 10.59 WL-4 10.59 1 10.59
WL-5 10.91 4 43.64 WL-5 10.91 0.4 4.364 107.14
WL-6 11.15 1 11.15 44.464 Spacing = 1.5
172.52 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 107.14
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 138.95
Area = 172.52

Waterline Station - 4 SM Product Waterline Station - 4 SM Product Waterline Station - 4 SM Product

WL-0 4.65 1 4.65 WL-0 4.65 1 4.65 WL-0 4.65 5 23.25
WL-1 8.17 3 24.51 WL-1 8.17 4 32.68 WL-1 8.17 8 65.36
WL-2 9.35 3 28.05 WL-2 9.35 1 9.35 WL-2 9.35 -1 -9.35
WL-3 10.13 1 10.13 46.68 79.26
67.34 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 46.68 Area = 19.815
Area = 75.7575

Page | 21
 Station: 5

Waterline Station - 5 SM Product Waterline Station - 5 SM Product Waterline Station - 5 SM Product

WL-0 6.56 1 6.56 WL-0 6.56 0.4 2.624 WL-0 6.56 1 6.56
WL-1 9.81 4 39.24 WL-1 9.81 1 9.81 WL-1 9.81 4 39.24
WL-2 10.59 2 21.18 WL-2 10.59 1 10.59 WL-2 10.59 2 21.18
WL-3 10.94 4 43.76 WL-3 10.94 1 10.94 WL-3 10.94 4 43.76
WL-4 11.12 2 22.24 WL-4 11.12 1 11.12 WL-4 11.12 1 11.12
WL-5 11.21 4 44.84 WL-5 11.21 0.4 4.484 121.86
WL-6 11.25 1 11.25 49.568 Spacing = 1.5
189.07 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 121.86
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 154.9
Area = 189.07

Waterline Station - 5 SM Product Waterline Station - 5 SM Product Waterline Station - 5 SM Product

WL-0 6.56 1 6.56 WL-0 6.56 1 6.56 WL-0 6.56 5 32.8
WL-1 9.81 3 29.43 WL-1 9.81 4 39.24 WL-1 9.81 8 78.48
WL-2 10.59 3 31.77 WL-2 10.59 1 10.59 WL-2 10.59 -1 -10.59
WL-3 10.94 1 10.94 56.39 100.69
78.7 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 56.39 Area = 25.1725
Area = 88.5375

Page | 22
 Station: 6

Waterline Station - 6 SM Product Waterline Station - 6 SM Product Waterline Station - 6 SM Product

WL-0 8.21 1 8.21 WL-0 8.21 0.4 3.284 WL-0 8.21 1 8.21
WL-1 10.78 4 43.12 WL-1 10.78 1 10.78 WL-1 10.78 4 43.12
WL-2 11.15 2 22.3 WL-2 11.15 1 11.15 WL-2 11.15 2 22.3
WL-3 11.25 4 45 WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 WL-3 11.25 4 45
WL-4 11.25 2 22.5 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25
WL-5 11.25 4 45 WL-5 11.25 0.4 4.5 129.88
WL-6 11.25 1 11.25 52.214 Spacing = 1.5
197.38 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 129.88
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 163.16875
Area = 197.38

Waterline Station - 6 SM Product Waterline Station - 6 SM Product Waterline Station - 6 SM Product

WL-0 8.21 1 8.21 WL-0 8.21 1 8.21 WL-0 8.21 5 41.05
WL-1 10.78 3 32.34 WL-1 10.78 4 43.12 WL-1 10.78 8 86.24
WL-2 11.15 3 33.45 WL-2 11.15 1 11.15 WL-2 11.15 -1 -11.15
WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 62.48 116.14
85.25 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 62.48 Area = 29.035
Area = 95.90625

Page | 23
 Station: 7

Waterline Station - 7 SM Product Waterline Station - 7 SM Product Waterline Station - 7 SM Product

WL-0 9.16 1 9.16 WL-0 9.16 0.4 3.664 WL-0 9.16 1 9.16
WL-1 11.21 4 44.84 WL-1 11.21 1 11.21 WL-1 11.21 4 44.84
WL-2 11.25 2 22.5 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 2 22.5
WL-3 11.25 4 45 WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 WL-3 11.25 4 45
WL-4 11.25 2 22.5 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25
WL-5 11.25 4 45 WL-5 11.25 0.4 4.5 132.75
WL-6 11.25 1 11.25 53.124 Spacing = 1.5
200.25 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 132.75
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 166.0125
Area = 200.25

Waterline Station - 7 SM Product Waterline Station - 7 SM Product Waterline Station - 7 SM Product

WL-0 9.16 1 9.16 WL-0 9.16 1 9.16 WL-0 9.16 5 45.8
WL-1 11.21 3 33.63 WL-1 11.21 4 44.84 WL-1 11.21 8 89.68
WL-2 11.25 3 33.75 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 -1 -11.25
WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 65.25 124.23
87.79 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 65.25 Area = 31.0575
Area = 98.76375

Page | 24
 Station: 8

Waterline Station - 8 SM Product Waterline Station - 8 SM Product Waterline Station - 8 SM Product

WL-0 9.53 1 9.53 WL-0 9.53 0.4 3.812 WL-0 9.53 1 9.53
WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 1 11.25 WL-1 11.25 4 45
WL-2 11.25 2 22.5 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 2 22.5
WL-3 11.25 4 45 WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 WL-3 11.25 4 45
WL-4 11.25 2 22.5 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25
WL-5 11.25 4 45 WL-5 11.25 0.4 4.5 133.28
WL-6 11.25 1 11.25 53.312 Spacing = 1.5
200.78 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 133.28
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 166.6
Area = 200.78

Waterline Station - 8 SM Product Waterline Station - 8 SM Product Waterline Station - 8 SM Product

WL-0 9.53 1 9.53 WL-0 9.53 1 9.53 WL-0 9.53 5 47.65
WL-1 11.25 3 33.75 WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 8 90
WL-2 11.25 3 33.75 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 -1 -11.25
WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 65.78 126.4
88.28 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 65.78 Area = 31.6
Area = 99.315

Page | 25
 Station: 9

Waterline Station - 9 SM Product Waterline Station - 9 SM Product Waterline Station - 9 SM Product

WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 0.4 3.828 WL-0 9.57 1 9.57
WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 1 11.25 WL-1 11.25 4 45
WL-2 11.25 2 22.5 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 2 22.5
WL-3 11.25 4 45 WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 WL-3 11.25 4 45
WL-4 11.25 2 22.5 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25
WL-5 11.25 4 45 WL-5 11.25 0.4 4.5 133.32
WL-6 11.25 1 11.25 53.328 Spacing = 1.5
200.82 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 133.32
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 166.65
Area = 200.82

Waterline Station - 9 SM Product Waterline Station - 9 SM Product Waterline Station - 9 SM Product

WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 5 47.85
WL-1 11.25 3 33.75 WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 8 90
WL-2 11.25 3 33.75 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 -1 -11.25
WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 65.82 126.6
88.32 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 65.82 Area = 31.65
Area = 99.36

Page | 26
 Station: 10

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
10 10 10
WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 0.4 3.828 WL-0 9.57 1 9.57
WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 1 11.25 WL-1 11.25 4 45
WL-2 11.25 2 22.5 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 2 22.5
WL-3 11.25 4 45 WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 WL-3 11.25 4 45
WL-4 11.25 2 22.5 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25
WL-5 11.25 4 45 WL-5 11.25 0.4 4.5 133.32
WL-6 11.25 1 11.25 53.328 Spacing = 1.5
200.82 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 133.32
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 166.65
Area = 200.82

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
10 10 10
WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 5 47.85
WL-1 11.25 3 33.75 WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 8 90
WL-2 11.25 3 33.75 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 -1 -11.25
WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 65.82 126.6
88.32 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 65.82 Area = 31.65
Area = 99.36

Page | 27
 Station: 11

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
11 11 11
WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 0.4 3.828 WL-0 9.57 1 9.57
WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 1 11.25 WL-1 11.25 4 45
WL-2 11.25 2 22.5 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 2 22.5
WL-3 11.25 4 45 WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 WL-3 11.25 4 45
WL-4 11.25 2 22.5 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25
WL-5 11.25 4 45 WL-5 11.25 0.4 4.5 133.32
WL-6 11.25 1 11.25 53.328 Spacing = 1.5
200.82 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 133.32
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 166.65
Area = 200.82

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
11 11 11
WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 5 47.85
WL-1 11.25 3 33.75 WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 8 90
WL-2 11.25 3 33.75 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 -1 -11.25
WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 65.82 126.6
88.32 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 65.82 Area = 31.65
Area = 99.36

Page | 28
 Station: 12

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
12 12 12
WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 0.4 3.828 WL-0 9.57 1 9.57
WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 1 11.25 WL-1 11.25 4 45
WL-2 11.25 2 22.5 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 2 22.5
WL-3 11.25 4 45 WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 WL-3 11.25 4 45
WL-4 11.25 2 22.5 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25
WL-5 11.25 4 45 WL-5 11.25 0.4 4.5 133.32
WL-6 11.25 1 11.25 53.328 Spacing = 1.5
200.82 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 133.32
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 166.65
Area = 200.82

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
12 12 12
WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 5 47.85
WL-1 11.25 3 33.75 WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 8 90
WL-2 11.25 3 33.75 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 -1 -11.25
WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 65.82 126.6
88.32 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 65.82 Area = 31.65
Area = 99.36

Page | 29
 Station: 13

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
13 13 13
WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 0.4 3.828 WL-0 9.57 1 9.57
WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 1 11.25 WL-1 11.25 4 45
WL-2 11.25 2 22.5 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 2 22.5
WL-3 11.25 4 45 WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 WL-3 11.25 4 45
WL-4 11.25 2 22.5 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25
WL-5 11.25 4 45 WL-5 11.25 0.4 4.5 133.32
WL-6 11.25 1 11.25 53.328 Spacing = 1.5
200.82 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 133.32
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 166.65
Area = 200.82

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
13 13 13
WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 5 47.85
WL-1 11.25 3 33.75 WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 8 90
WL-2 11.25 3 33.75 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 -1 -11.25
WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 65.82 126.6
88.32 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 65.82 Area = 31.65
Area = 99.36

Page | 30
 Station: 14

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
14 14 14
WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 0.4 3.828 WL-0 9.57 1 9.57
WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 1 11.25 WL-1 11.25 4 45
WL-2 11.25 2 22.5 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 2 22.5
WL-3 11.25 4 45 WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 WL-3 11.25 4 45
WL-4 11.25 2 22.5 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25
WL-5 11.25 4 45 WL-5 11.25 0.4 4.5 133.32
WL-6 11.25 1 11.25 53.328 Spacing = 1.5
200.82 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 133.32
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 166.65
Area = 200.82

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
14 14 14
WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 1 9.57 WL-0 9.57 5 47.85
WL-1 11.25 3 33.75 WL-1 11.25 4 45 WL-1 11.25 8 90
WL-2 11.25 3 33.75 WL-2 11.25 1 11.25 WL-2 11.25 -1 -11.25
WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 65.82 126.6
88.32 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 65.82 Area = 31.65
Area = 99.36

Page | 31
 Station: 15

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
15 15 15
WL-0 9.47 1 9.47 WL-0 9.47 0.4 3.788 WL-0 9.47 1 9.47
WL-1 11.2 4 44.8 WL-1 11.2 1 11.2 WL-1 11.2 4 44.8
WL-2 11.23 2 22.46 WL-2 11.23 1 11.23 WL-2 11.23 2 22.46
WL-3 11.25 4 45 WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 WL-3 11.25 4 45
WL-4 11.25 2 22.5 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25 WL-4 11.25 1 11.25
WL-5 11.25 4 45 WL-5 11.25 0.4 4.5 132.98
WL-6 11.25 1 11.25 53.218 Spacing = 1.5
200.48 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 132.98
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 166.30625
Area = 200.48

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
15 15 15
WL-0 9.47 1 9.47 WL-0 9.47 1 9.47 WL-0 9.47 5 47.35
WL-1 11.2 3 33.6 WL-1 11.2 4 44.8 WL-1 11.2 8 89.6
WL-2 11.23 3 33.69 WL-2 11.23 1 11.23 WL-2 11.23 -1 -11.23
WL-3 11.25 1 11.25 65.5 125.72
88.01 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 65.5 Area = 31.43
Area = 99.01125

Page | 32
 Station: 16

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
16 16 16
WL-0 8.64 1 8.64 WL-0 8.64 0.4 3.456 WL-0 8.64 1 8.64
WL-1 10.83 4 43.32 WL-1 10.83 1 10.83 WL-1 10.83 4 43.32
WL-2 11.06 2 22.12 WL-2 11.06 1 11.06 WL-2 11.06 2 22.12
WL-3 11.19 4 44.76 WL-3 11.19 1 11.19 WL-3 11.19 4 44.76
WL-4 11.24 2 22.48 WL-4 11.24 1 11.24 WL-4 11.24 1 11.24
WL-5 11.25 4 45 WL-5 11.25 0.4 4.5 130.08
WL-6 11.25 1 11.25 52.276 Spacing = 1.5
197.57 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 130.08
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 163.3625
Area = 197.57

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
16 16 16
WL-0 8.64 1 8.64 WL-0 8.64 1 8.64 WL-0 8.64 5 43.2
WL-1 10.83 3 32.49 WL-1 10.83 4 43.32 WL-1 10.83 8 86.64
WL-2 11.06 3 33.18 WL-2 11.06 1 11.06 WL-2 11.06 -1 -11.06
WL-3 11.19 1 11.19 63.02 118.78
85.5 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 63.02 Area = 29.695
Area = 96.1875

Page | 33
 Station: 17

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
17 17 17
WL-0 6.66 1 6.66 WL-0 6.66 0.4 2.664 WL-0 6.66 1 6.66
WL-1 9.76 4 39.04 WL-1 9.76 1 9.76 WL-1 9.76 4 39.04
WL-2 10.37 2 20.74 WL-2 10.37 1 10.37 WL-2 10.37 2 20.74
WL-3 10.67 4 42.68 WL-3 10.67 1 10.67 WL-3 10.67 4 42.68
WL-4 10.85 2 21.7 WL-4 10.85 1 10.85 WL-4 10.85 1 10.85
WL-5 10.97 4 43.88 WL-5 10.97 0.4 4.388 119.97
WL-6 11.07 1 11.07 48.702 Spacing = 1.5
185.77 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 119.97
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 152.19375
Area = 185.77

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
17 17 17
WL-0 6.66 1 6.66 WL-0 6.66 1 6.66 WL-0 6.66 5 33.3
WL-1 9.76 3 29.28 WL-1 9.76 4 39.04 WL-1 9.76 8 78.08
WL-2 10.37 3 31.11 WL-2 10.37 1 10.37 WL-2 10.37 -1 -10.37
WL-3 10.67 1 10.67 56.07 101.01
77.72 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 56.07 Area = 25.2525
Area = 87.435

Page | 34
 Station: 18

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
18 18 18
WL-0 4.05 1 4.05 WL-0 4.05 0.4 1.62 WL-0 4.05 1 4.05
WL-1 7.9 4 31.6 WL-1 7.9 1 7.9 WL-1 7.9 4 31.6
WL-2 8.71 2 17.42 WL-2 8.71 1 8.71 WL-2 8.71 2 17.42
WL-3 9.09 4 36.36 WL-3 9.09 1 9.09 WL-3 9.09 4 36.36
WL-4 9.34 2 18.68 WL-4 9.34 1 9.34 WL-4 9.34 1 9.34
WL-5 9.59 4 38.36 WL-5 9.59 0.4 3.836 98.77
WL-6 10.02 1 10.02 40.496 Spacing = 1.5
156.49 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 98.77
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 126.55
Area = 156.49

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
18 18 18
WL-0 4.05 1 4.05 WL-0 4.05 1 4.05 WL-0 4.05 5 20.25
WL-1 7.9 3 23.7 WL-1 7.9 4 31.6 WL-1 7.9 8 63.2
WL-2 8.71 3 26.13 WL-2 8.71 1 8.71 WL-2 8.71 -1 -8.71
WL-3 9.09 1 9.09 44.36 74.74
62.97 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 44.36 Area = 18.685
Area = 70.84125

Page | 35
 Station: 18.5

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
18.5 18.5 18.5
WL-0 2.74 1 2.74 WL-0 2.74 0.4 1.096 WL-0 2.74 1 2.74
WL-1 6.54 4 26.16 WL-1 6.54 1 6.54 WL-1 6.54 4 26.16
WL-2 7.32 2 14.64 WL-2 7.32 1 7.32 WL-2 7.32 2 14.64
WL-3 7.66 4 30.64 WL-3 7.66 1 7.66 WL-3 7.66 4 30.64
WL-4 7.88 2 15.76 WL-4 7.88 1 7.88 WL-4 7.88 1 7.88
WL-5 8.19 4 32.76 WL-5 8.19 0.4 3.276 82.06
WL-6 8.77 1 8.77 33.772 Spacing = 1.5
131.47 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 82.06
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 105.5375
Area = 131.47

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
18.5 18.5 18.5
WL-0 2.74 1 2.74 WL-0 2.74 1 2.74 WL-0 2.74 5 13.7
WL-1 6.54 3 19.62 WL-1 6.54 4 26.16 WL-1 6.54 8 52.32
WL-2 7.32 3 21.96 WL-2 7.32 1 7.32 WL-2 7.32 -1 -7.32
WL-3 7.66 1 7.66 36.22 58.7
51.98 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 36.22 Area = 14.675
Area = 58.4775

Page | 36
 Station: 19

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
19 19 19
WL-0 1.53 1 1.53 WL-0 1.53 0.4 0.612 WL-0 1.53 1 1.53
WL-1 4.9 4 19.6 WL-1 4.9 1 4.9 WL-1 4.9 4 19.6
WL-2 5.47 2 10.94 WL-2 5.47 1 5.47 WL-2 5.47 2 10.94
WL-3 5.68 4 22.72 WL-3 5.68 1 5.68 WL-3 5.68 4 22.72
WL-4 5.87 2 11.74 WL-4 5.87 1 5.87 WL-4 5.87 1 5.87
WL-5 6.23 4 24.92 WL-5 6.23 0.4 2.492 60.66
WL-6 6.9 1 6.9 25.024 Spacing = 1.5
98.35 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 60.66
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 78.2
Area = 98.35

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
19 19 19
WL-0 1.53 1 1.53 WL-0 1.53 1 1.53 WL-0 1.53 5 7.65
WL-1 4.9 3 14.7 WL-1 4.9 4 19.6 WL-1 4.9 8 39.2
WL-2 5.47 3 16.41 WL-2 5.47 1 5.47 WL-2 5.47 -1 -5.47
WL-3 5.68 1 5.68 26.6 41.38
38.32 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 26.6 Area = 10.345
Area = 43.11

Page | 37
 Station: 19.5

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
19.5 19.5 19.5
WL-0 0.51 1 0.51 WL-0 0.51 0.4 0.204 WL-0 0.51 1 0.51
WL-1 2.64 4 10.56 WL-1 2.64 1 2.64 WL-1 2.64 4 10.56
WL-2 2.9 2 5.8 WL-2 2.9 1 2.9 WL-2 2.9 2 5.8
WL-3 3 4 12 WL-3 3 1 3 WL-3 3 4 12
WL-4 3.22 2 6.44 WL-4 3.22 1 3.22 WL-4 3.22 1 3.22
WL-5 3.58 4 14.32 WL-5 3.58 0.4 1.432 32.09
WL-6 4.25 1 4.25 13.396 Spacing = 1.5
53.88 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 32.09
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 41.8625
Area = 53.88

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
19.5 19.5 19.5
WL-0 0.51 1 0.51 WL-0 0.51 1 0.51 WL-0 0.51 5 2.55
WL-1 2.64 3 7.92 WL-1 2.64 4 10.56 WL-1 2.64 8 21.12
WL-2 2.9 3 8.7 WL-2 2.9 1 2.9 WL-2 2.9 -1 -2.9
WL-3 3 1 3 13.97 20.77
20.13 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 13.97 Area = 5.1925
Area = 22.64625

Page | 38
 Station: FP

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
FP FP FP
WL-0 0 1 0 WL-0 0 0.4 0 WL-0 0 1 0
WL-1 0 4 0 WL-1 0 1 0 WL-1 0 4 0
WL-2 0 2 0 WL-2 0 1 0 WL-2 0 2 0
WL-3 0 4 0 WL-3 0 1 0 WL-3 0 4 0
WL-4 0 2 0 WL-4 0 1 0 WL-4 0 1 0
WL-5 0.5 4 2 WL-5 0.5 0.4 0.2 0
WL-6 1.1 1 1.1 0.2 Spacing = 1.5
3.1 Spacing = 1.5 Area = 0
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 0.625
Area = 3.1

Station - Station - Station -

Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product Waterline SM Product
FP FP FP
WL-0 0 1 0 WL-0 0 1 0 WL-0 0 5 0
WL-1 0 3 0 WL-1 0 4 0 WL-1 0 8 0
WL-2 0 3 0 WL-2 0 1 0 WL-2 0 -1 0
WL-3 0 1 0 0 0
0 Spacing = 1.5 Spacing = 1.5
Spacing = 1.5 Area = 0 Area = 0
Area = 0

Page | 39
 Summary

Volume Tonne Centre of VCB/ MCT

Waterline Draft TPC BMT BML LCB
Displacement Displacement floatation KB 1cm

WL-0 0 19.55 -5.743

WL-1 1.5 3414.718 3500.086 26.19 -4.961 26.50 882.50 0.83 211.56 -5.31

WL-2 3 7395.277 7580.159 27.28 -4.167 13.20 448.08 1.58 232.64 -4.92

WL-3 4.5 11424.094 11709.696 28.20 -2.910 8.96 315.64 2.36 253.15 -4.44

WL-4 6 15662.953 16054.526 29.42 -0.700 6.86 260.56 3.13 286.52 -3.76

WL-5 7.5 19980.366 20479.875 30.39 0.710 5.65 222.64 3.94 312.31 -2.92

WL-6 9 24545.167 25158.796 31.09 1.149 4.80 191.84 4.72 330.58 -2.20

Page | 40
 Draft vs. Displacement

Volume Tonne
Draft
Displacement Displacement

0
1.5 3414.718 3500.086
3 7395.277 7580.159
4.5 11424.094 11709.696
6 15662.953 16054.527
7.5 19980.366 20479.875
9 24545.167 25158.796

Draft vs Displacement
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000

Page | 41
 Draft vs. TPC

Draft TPC
0 19.550
1.5 26.192
3 27.283
4.5 28.195
6 29.423
7.5 30.393
9 31.090

Draft vs TPC
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Page | 42
 Draft vs. Centre of floatation

Centre of
Draft
floatation
0 -5.743
1.5 -4.961
3 -4.167
4.5 -2.910
6 -0.700
7.5 0.710
9 1.149

Draft vs CF
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2

Page | 43
 Draft vs. BMT

Draft BMT

0
1.5 26.530
3 13.163
4.5 8.964
6 6.864
7.5 5.653
9 4.798

Draft vs BMT
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Page | 44
 Draft vs. BML

Draft BML

0
1.5 882.500
3 448.083
4.5 315.639
6 260.561
7.5 222.644
9 191.840

Draft vs BML
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000

Page | 45
 Draft vs. VCB/KB

Draft VCB/KB

0
1.5 0.830
3 1.577
4.5 2.355
6 3.130
7.5 3.935
9 4.716

Draft vs VCB/KB
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5

Page | 46
 Draft vs. MCT 1cm

Draft MCT 1cm

0
1.5 211.564
3 232.640
4.5 253.153
6 286.520
7.5 312.309
9 330.579

Draft vs MCT 1cm

10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Page | 47
 Draft vs. LCB

Draft LCB

0
1.5 -5.312
3 -4.919
4.5 -4.445
6 -3.763
7.5 -2.919
9 -2.200

Draft vs LCB
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0

Page | 48
 Conclusion

This report contain the calculation of some hydrostatics parameters and their graphs against draft.
All these calculations and graphs are generated using offset table and principal particulars of the
given ship, which can vary for different ships. As hydrostatics properties are related to ship’s stability,
so hydrostatics calculation is important for any ship to ensure the ship’s quality.

Page | 49