Abstract

This report contains the resistance and power calculation of a

General Cargo Ship. The method that is used here for
resistance calculation is called “Holtrop & Mennen’s Method”.
The required powers are calculated from the resistance
calculation using some experimental formula. An engine is
chosen for the ship based on the required brake power. The
chosen engine model is “MGN 1824BV” which provides 2199
Horse Power with an RPM of 1000.

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 Principal Particulars
LBP (m) 134
Breadth (m) 25
Draft (m) 9.5
Speed (knots) 14
Speed (m/s) 7.20
CB 0.80
Cm 0.98
CP 0.82
CWP 0.87
LCB in meter from
amidships 4.02

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METHODS OF RESISTANCE CALCULATION

• Taylor’s Method

• Moor’s Method

• Holtrop & Mennen’s Method

• Guldhammer & Harvald’s Method

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The total resistance of a ship can be
subdivided into:
𝑹𝑻 = 𝑹𝑭 (𝟏 + 𝑲𝟏 ) + 𝑹𝑨𝑷𝑷 + 𝑹𝑾 + 𝑹𝑩 + 𝑹𝑻𝑹 + 𝑹𝑨

Where,

• RF = Frictional Resistance
• RAPP = Appendage resistance
• RW = Wave-making and wave-breaking resistance
• RB = Additional pressure resistance due to bulbous bow near
the water surface
• RTR = Additional pressure resistance of immersed transom stern
• RA = Model-ship correlation resistance

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We will have an approximate resistance calculation in this part. For
this reason, we will consider a shorter format of “Holtrop &
Mennen’s Method”. The formula that is used here is:

𝑅𝑇 (𝐼𝑛 𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑚 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟) = 𝑅𝐹 (1 + 𝐾1 ) + 𝑅𝑟 ………… (1)

𝑅𝑇 (𝐼𝑛 𝑆𝑒𝑎 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟) = 𝑅𝐹 (1 + 𝐾1 ) + 𝑅𝑟 + (𝑅𝐴𝑖𝑟 + 𝑅𝐴𝑃𝑃 )
………… (2)

Now,
1
𝑅𝐹 = 𝜌𝑉 2 𝑆𝐶𝐹 [According to the ITTC 1957 Frictional Formula]
2
………… (3)

0.075
𝐶𝐹 = ………… (4)
(log 𝑅𝑒 −2)2

Reynold’s Number,
𝜌𝑉𝐿
𝑅𝑒 =
𝜇
1025×7.20×134
=
0.00096

= 1030434038

From (4),
0.075
𝐶𝐹 =
(log 1030434038−2)2

= 0.001524934

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The wetted area of the hull can be approximated by,

𝑆 = 𝐿(2𝑇 + 𝐵 ) × √𝐶𝑀 × (0.453 + 0.4425𝐶𝐵 − 0.2862𝐶𝑀 −

𝐵 𝐴𝐵𝑇
0.003467 + 0.3696𝐶𝑊𝑃 ) + 2.38
𝑇 𝐶𝐵

= 134 × (2 × 9.5 + 25) × √0.98 × (0.453 + 0.4425 ×

25
0.80 − 0.2862 × 0.98 − 0.003467 × + 0.3696 ×
9.5
0
0.87) + 2.38 × [ABT = 0]
0.80

= 4889.557531

From (3),
1 2
𝑅𝐹 = 𝜌𝑉 𝑆𝐶𝐹
2
1
= × 1025 × 7.202 × 4889.557531 × 0.001524934
2

= 198216.6103 N

The form factor of the hull can be predicted by,

𝐵
1 + 𝐾1 = 𝐶13 × {0.93 + 𝐶12 × × 0.92497 × (0.95 −
𝐿𝑅
𝐶𝑃 )−.521448 × (1 − 𝐶𝑃 + 0.0225 × 𝐿𝐶𝐵 )0.6906 }
………… (5)

Here, LR is a parameter reflecting the length of the run according to:

𝐿𝑅 0.06×𝐶𝑃 ×𝐿𝐶𝐵
= 1 − 𝐶𝑃 +
𝐿 4𝐶𝑃 −1

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 0.06×𝐶𝑃 ×𝐿𝐶𝐵
So, 𝐿𝑅 = {1 − 𝐶𝑃 + }×𝐿
4𝐶𝑃 −1
0.06×0.82×4.02
= {1 − 0.82 + } × 134
4×0.82−1

= 36.25938003

Again,
𝑇 𝑇
𝐶12 = ( )^0.2228446 𝐼𝑓 > 0.05
𝐿 𝐿

𝑇 2.078 𝑇
= 48.20 ( − 0.02) + 0.479948 𝐼𝑓0.02 < < 0.05
𝐿 𝐿
𝑇
= 0.479948 𝐼𝑓 < 0.02
𝐿

Here,
𝑇 9.5
=
𝐿 134

= 0.07 > 0.05

Therefore,
9.5 0.2228446
𝐶12 = ( )
134

= 0.554455388

And,
𝐶13 = 1 + 0.003𝐶𝑆𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛
= 1 + 0.003 × 10 [For ‘U’ shaped afterbody]
= 1.03

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Now from (5),
25
1 + 𝐾1 = 1.03 × {0.93 + 0.554455388 × ×
36.25938003
−.521448
0.92497 × (0.95 − 0.82 ) (
× 1 − 0.82 +
0.0225 × 4.02)0.6906 }
= 1.383418793

Residuary Resistance, Rr is combined of wave making resistance and

transom resistance. That means:
𝑅𝑟 = 𝑅𝑊 + 𝑅𝑇𝑅

For General Cargo Ship,

𝑅𝑟
= 65%
𝑅𝐹

Therefore,
𝑅𝑟 = .65 × 198216.6103
= 128840.7967 N

Now from (1),

Total Resistance, 𝑹𝑻 (𝑰𝒏 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒎 𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓)
= (198216.6103 ×1.383418793) + 128840.7967
= 403057.3804 N

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Again from (2),
Total Resistance, 𝑹𝑻 (𝑰𝒏 𝑺𝒆𝒂 𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓)
= 403057.3804 + 0.30 × 403057.3804
[Considering (RAir + RAPP) as 30% of RT]
= 523974.5946 N

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 Power Calculation

Assumptions for Power Calculation,

• Effective Power, 𝑃𝐸 = 𝑉𝑠 × 𝑅𝑇
𝑃𝐸
• Hull Efficiency, ηH = = 98%
𝑃𝑇
𝑃𝑇
• Propeller Efficiency, = 70%
𝑃𝐷
𝑃𝐷
• Shaft Efficiency, = 96%
𝑃𝑆
𝑃𝑆
• Mechanical Efficiency, = 90%
𝑃𝐵
• Thrust Power, 𝑃𝑇 = 𝑇 × 𝑉𝐴

Now,
Effective Power, 𝑃𝐸 = 7.20 × 523974.5946
= 3773748.866 W
= 3774 𝑘𝑊

𝑃𝐸 3774
Thrust Power, 𝑃𝑇 = = = 3851 𝑘𝑊
0.98 0.98

𝑃𝑇 3851
Delivered Power, 𝑃𝐷 = = = 5501 𝑘𝑊
0.70 0.70

𝑃𝐷 5501
Shaft Power, 𝑃𝑆 = = = 5730 𝑘𝑊
0.96 0.96

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 𝑃𝑆 5730
Brake Power, 𝑃𝐵 = = = 6367 𝑘𝑊
0.90 0.90

Again,
𝑉𝑆 −𝑉𝐴
𝑊𝑡 = ………… (6)
𝑉𝑆

Where,
VA = Velocity of advance
Wt = Wake Fraction
𝐶𝐵
= − 0.05
2

= 0.35

From (6),
𝑉𝑆 −𝑉𝐴
0.35 =
𝑉𝑆

Since, 𝑉𝐴 = 7.20 − 0.35 × 7.20

= 4.68

Therefore,
𝟑𝟖𝟓𝟏
Thrust, 𝑻 = = 𝟖𝟐𝟐. 𝟔 𝒌𝑵
𝟒.𝟔𝟖

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 Engine Selection

Engine model MGN 1824BV

Number of engines 4

Engine power (HP) 2199

Gear box ratio 3.52

Engine RPM 1000

Propeller RPM 284.091

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