NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY

PROGRAM OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND POLICY IN ENGLISH

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GROUP 4
INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC POLICY

Topic:

POLICIES ON THE PREVENTION OF COVID 19

EPIDEMIC IN VIETNAM

Students : Nguyen Khac Duc

Hoang Ha Minh

Nguyen Thi Mai Huong

Class : E-PMP4

Supervisor : Assoc Prof.Dr.Do Thi Hai Ha

Hanoi, 2020
 TABLE OF CONTENT:

1. Policy Problem:...................................................................................................1
1.1. Introduction to Covid translation 19 :.........................................................1
1.2. Consequences of the Covid translation 19:.................................................3
1.2.1. The consequences in the short term:.........................................................3
1.2.2. The consequences in the long term:.........................................................4
2. Policy Objectives:................................................................................................7
2.1. Short-term goal:............................................................................................7
2.2. Long-term goals:...........................................................................................7
2.2.1. Economic:.................................................................................................7
2.2.2. Society:....................................................................................................8
3. Policy Content:....................................................................................................9
3.1. Short term:..................................................................................................10
3.2. Long term:...................................................................................................12
3.2.1. Economic:...............................................................................................12
3.2.2. Society:..................................................................................................14
4. Policy Subjects:..................................................................................................15
4.1. Policy Promulgators:..................................................................................15
4.2. Policy Implementers:..................................................................................15
4.2.1. CDC:.......................................................................................................15
4.2.2. Ministry of Health:.................................................................................16
4.2.3. Ministry of Transport:.............................................................................16
4.2.4. Ministry of Foreign Affairs:...................................................................17
4.2.5. Vietnam Border Defence Force:.............................................................17
4.2.6.Ministry of Industry and Trade:...............................................................17
4.2.7. Affiliated agencies & Specialized agencies:...........................................17
4.3. Policy Beneficiaries:....................................................................................17
4.3.1. From short-term problem-solving policies:............................................17
4.3.2. From long-term problem-solving policies:............................................18
5. Policy Tools:......................................................................................................20
5.1. Administrative – Organizational tools:.....................................................20
5.2. Economic tools:...........................................................................................20
5.3. Educational – Psychology tools:................................................................21
 5.4. Managerial tools:.........................................................................................21
6. International – What we can learn:.................................................................22
6.1. Taiwan policies:...........................................................................................22
6.2. Singapore policies:......................................................................................22
6.3. Sweden policies:..........................................................................................22
6.4. What we can learn:.....................................................................................23
7. Evaluate & Recommendation:......................................................................24
7.1. Evaluate:......................................................................................................24
7.1.1. Domestic:...............................................................................................24
7.1.2. International :.........................................................................................24
7.2. Recommendation:.......................................................................................26
8. Reference:..........................................................................................................26
 LIST OF PHOTOS

Image 1. Coronavirus Timeline: The Beginning.......................................................1

Image 2: Covid19 timeline in VietNam.....................................................................2
Image 3: Manifestation of people who got Covid 19.................................................4
Image 4: CGV theater in Times City, Hanoi is temporarily closed...........................6
Image 5: Covid19 timeline of key policy responses (VietNam)................................9
Image 6: In Vietnam, wearing a mask is considered one of the most active
preventive measures, in addition to frequent hand washing....................................11
Image 7: Some stores and shops closed after the government's social quarantine
order was issued......................................................................................................12
Image 8: Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc..........................................................15
Image 9: Policy beneficiaries groups.......................................................................19
Image 10: BlueZone Application.............................................................................24
Image 11: Vietnam economic growth forecast for some international organizations...25
1. Policy Problem:
1.1. Introduction to Covid translation 19 :
- COVID-19 pandemic is an infectious disease pandemic with the agent of
SARS-CoV-2 virus, happening globally. Originated in late December 2019
with the first recorded translation in Wuhan city in central China. Up to now,
the pandemic has spread to worldwide. The first death from SARS-CoV-2
occurred in Wuhan on January 9, 2020. On March 11, 2020, the World
Health Organization (WHO) issued a statement calling "COVID-19" is the
"global pandemic".

Image 1. Coronavirus Timeline: The Beginning

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Image 2: Covid19 timeline in VietNam

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  Problem: Pandemic Covid 19 in Vietnam. Requires the government to
have appropriate policies in response to it.
1.2. Consequences of the Covid translation 19:
Problem tree

Problem: Covid 19 epidemic in Vietnam

Short-term effects Human life, Long-term effects: Socio-economy

health.

1.2.1. The consequences in the short term:

- An overview of the number of Covid 19 cases as of September 17, 2020,
worldwide, is now 31.9 million cases. Of which, 22 million was the number of
recovered cases and 976k people died. The virus has caused enormous impacts on
the health and lives of people all over the world. According to the General Statistics
Office, as of September 24, 2020, Vietnam had 1069 cases, 991 had recovered, and
35 deaths.
- According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),
symptoms reported include fever in 90% of cases, fatigue and dry cough in
80% of cases, and 20% with difficulty breathing and failure. respiration
accounts for 15%.

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 Image 3: Manifestation of people who got Covid 19
- Some immediate response activities of governments to the epidemic have
been carried out such as: Restriction of travel to infected areas, blockade, spray
disinfection, isolation, ... Government Vietnam immediately implemented medical
declarations with social isolation for all people.
Viet Nam
Total number of cases Number of recovery Number of deaths
cases
1.096 1.020 35
Around the world
Total number of cases Number of recovery Number of deaths
cases
35.2 million 24.05 million 1,04 million
Table 1: Overview of Covid19 infection, recovery and death cases.
1.2.2. The consequences in the long term:
In the long run, the Covid epidemic has had direct consequences on socio-
economic consequences in Vietnam.
1.2.2.1. Economy:
- The COVID-19 epidemic also affects many economic sectors including
maritime, logistics or domestic distribution and retail sectors. The aviation industry
was severely affected, many flights were canceled, and the number of tourists to
Vietnam declined. Many businesses and business households have difficulty. The
epidemic also caused unemployment in some localities.
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 - According to a report of the General Department of Customs, in February,
the COVID-19 translation has caused the Vietnamese budget to lose about 150
billion VND per day, compared to January. The General Statistics Office announced
in the afternoon of March 27. 2020 shows that GDP in the first quarter of 2020 will
increase by 3.82% over the same period in 2019. This is the lowest growth rate of
the first quarter in the period 2011-2020.
- Two main problems: Unemployment and Export deadlock. According to
official information from the press, as of the end of June, the number of
unemployed people, leaving alternate jobs or quitting their jobs in Vietnam reached
7.8 million. But the real situation is even more stressful. According to estimates by
the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs, "nearly 31 million people aged
15 and over are affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, lose their jobs, have to quit
their jobs, reduce income ..." an estimated 57% reduction in income. The number of
unemployed workers is concentrated in export industries, especially processing
technology, tourism services, or other services such as retail, transportation,
warehousing, restaurants ...
- Because international tourism is still very complicated and it takes at least
until the end of the year to have international routes, especially from the United
States, Vietnam has started by promoting domestic tourism.
- But speaking is still not enough, the image of the stalls selling in Ben
Thanh market as well as many shops in the busy district of Nhat having to close has
said that.
- The service industries mentioned above (employ a large proportion of
labor) need a long time to recover. But the more important issue is that the decline
in exports since March is likely to continue at least until the end of the year,
especially to the most important market, the US.
- Recently, the Private Food Association also voiced an urgent alarm about
rice exports, when the export level last year was 7 million tons.
- New European order of 80,000 tons is too little! At the same time, falling
international oil prices also cause great difficulties for export turnover and national
budget.
1.2.2.2. Society
1.2.2.2.1. Education:
- Some schools had to decide to extend the Tet holiday. There are many
different opinions surrounding whether students should continue to miss school or

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not. Most parents and students agree that it is advisable to continue to extend school
holidays until the epidemic is basically under control.
- Non-public educational institutions have difficulty in paying cash,
allowances, salaries to teachers ... Many teachers lose their jobs, have to change
jobs, some private schools have the risk of having to cut down teachers, dissolve
schools, liquidate teaching equipment, ... because there is no revenue to pay the
funds.
1.2.2.2.2. Culture:
- In the context of a prolonged pandemic, many production units of
television programs, gameshow, sports events, and festivals have a shortage of
products because they have to stop all activities for an indefinite time, because they
are not can gather too many people in one place. In April 2020, a number of
activities have to change production and operational models while ensuring limited
exposure such as: Events that take place without the audience watching offline.

Image 4: CGV theater in Times City, Hanoi is temporarily closed.

- In Vietnam, the COVID-19 epidemic has become the subject of writing
for a number of works. A Vietnamese pop song, "Jealous Co Vy", is a remake of the
2017 song "Jealous", went viral online amid the raging corona virus epidemic
around the world. With the aim of raising awareness of the community, many
localities have organized a painting movement to promote the prevention of the
COVID-19 epidemic. Due to the impact of the translation, the activities of watching
movies directly in theaters were suspended. Instead, online communication channels
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such as television and networks were promoted.
2. Policy Objectives:

Issue urgent policies to

solve the problem

Policy Objectives in short-term: Policy Objectives in long-term:

I.
protectII.
human lives, minimize the socio-economic recovery
possibility
III. of infection

2.1. Short-term goal:

- The protection of public health is very important and it is also a short-term
goal. More specifically, we must somehow reduce the number of people with covid
as much as possible and also reduce the number of people dying from the Covid
epidemic.
- In other words, the minimization goal in the community of local COVID-19
transmission is to slow the spread and protect everyone, especially those at greater
risk of serious illness
2.2. Long-term goals:
The long-term goal is to restore the Economy and stabilize Society.
2.2.1. Economic:
- The first goal for the Economy is to restore the economy. More specifically,
that goal is that Covid 19 epidemic will not affect the domestic maritime, logistics
or distribution and retail sectors. In addition, the airline industry will also remain
active and not be heavily affected. Flights will no longer be canceled due to Covid
19 translation. Next, enterprises and business households will not face any
difficulties, speed up the progress and effectively implement the solutions and
directions of the Government and the Prime Minister to remove difficulties,
promote production and business, and ensure social security in the context of the
COVID-19 epidemic. outlined in Directive 11, Decree No. 41, Resolution No. 42

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and No. 84 ... Finally, a thing that is also worrying today, unemployment in
localities is increasing, so the goal of Covid epidemic prevention policies that is to
maintain the number of jobs that will lead to the workforce not being unemployed.
- Focus on drastic implementation of synchronous measures to prevent
epidemics, but the goal is to still create favorable conditions for goods circulation
during the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic; must not have any restrictions; not
because of restraining the spread of epidemics, but "blocking rivers, ban markets",
strictly handling violations. The Prime Minister has repeatedly stressed the request
not to disrupt the socio-economy.
- Although agricultural production is affected by the Covid epidemic, it still
has to develop stably, the structure has been shifted positively, supporting the
economy and ensuring food security. The government is determined to achieve the
target of exporting 7 million tons of rice in 2020
- The next goal is to gradually revive the tourism industry.
- Agricultural production, despite being affected by natural disasters and
epidemics, is still developing stably, the structure has changed positively, is the
foundation of the economy, ensuring food security.
2.2.2. Society:
2.2.2.1. Education:
The dual goal of the policy related to education is to both prevent the covid
epidemic and ensure the quality of teaching and learning in schools. In terms of
education, the goal is also that the students will not have to miss school because of
epidemics so that they can equip the knowledge under normal conditions. As well
as having to stabilize the payment of cash, allowances, salaries for employees, ...
job creation for teachers and ensure revenue sources to pay into the funds. And
absolutely not to let infection happen in the school, among students and students.
2.2.2.2. Culture:
The goal of the policy towards Culture is to maintain stable activities. For
example, the production units of television programs, gameshow, sports events,
festivals ... still operate normally to maintain. However, effective measures to
prevent epidemics should also be strengthened.

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3. Policy Content:

Image 5: Covid19 timeline of key policy responses (VietNam)

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3.1. Short term:
Faced with the complicated developments of the covid epidemic 19. Prime
Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc agreed to publish the COVID-19 epidemic nationwide
and requested that the political system, authorities at all levels and functional
agencies be highly concentrated on epidemic prevention.
- Official telegram 121 / CD-TTg dated January 23, 2020, Decision No.
437 / QD-TTg dated March 30, 2020 clearly states the following regulations:
+ Social isolation is necessary to effectively prevent spread to the
community; at least for 15 days to avoid infection.
+ Bach Mai Hospital is allowed to continue to receive treatment for serious
patients in emergency, not to let patients die because of no emergency, the Prime
Minister asked the hospital to organize the strict implementation on the basis of
ensuring the safety of patients. medical staff and for the patient;
+ Basically stop public transportation, minimize personal vehicles;
+ Crowd gathering is limited from 00:00 on March 28 to the end of April 15,
2020. All meeting activities, events gathering over 20 people (in the same place)
will be stopped. Completely stop religious rituals. It is forbidden to gather more
than 10 people outside of offices, schools and hospitals. Closing unnecessary
services such as massages, discos, tourist facilities, sightseeing, entertainment
venues, cinemas, beer bars, restaurants ... Except for services provided to supply
food, pharmaceutical products and medical examination and treatment
establishments to meet the necessary needs of the people.
+ People are calm, assured, continue to believe and support measures to
prevent and fight epidemics. Every citizen, be an anti-epidemic fighter; continue to
work together, unanimously repel the epidemic.
- Directive No. 16 / CT-TTg dated 31/3/2020, Official Letter No. 2601 /
VPCP-KGVX dated 03/4/202 clearly stated the following regulations to ensure
safety for people:
+ Limit out, only go out when absolutely necessary.
+ If forced to go out and always wear a mask, keep contact distance,
preferably 2 metters
+ Wash your hands often with soap or an antiseptic solution.
+ Regularly cleaning the house, cleaning regularly, for ventilation, healthy living.
+ Make medical declarations, update daily health status, keep regular contact
with medical officials and medical establishments.

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 Image 6: In Vietnam, wearing a mask is considered one of the most active
preventive measures, in addition to frequent hand washing.
- Decision No. 170 / QD-TTg of the Prime Minister: On the establishment of
the National Steering Committee for the prevention and control of acute respiratory
infections caused by a new strain of Corona virus.
- Official Letter 164 / TTg-KGVX dated 03/02/2020 specifies the
responsibilities of the ministries and agencies in the immediate epidemic prevention
and control:
+ The Ministry of Health shall direct the division and division of medical
examination and treatment routes, meeting the people's demand for medical
examination and treatment; have better care plan, protect the best safety for doctors
and health workers, especially in hospitals treating people infected with COVID-19.

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 + The National Steering Committee for epidemic prevention and control
COVID-19 continues to direct ministries, agencies and localities to adequately
prepare human resources, equipment, medicines, medical supplies and plans for
epidemic prevention and control. including mobilizing material foundations of
organizations and enterprises, ensuring widespread epidemic preparedness; work
out a plan to apply a state of emergency to the epidemic, and report it to the Prime
Minister before March 28, 2020.
+ Local People's Committees shall direct police, health, culture, sports and
tourism units and at all levels, branches and units in the locality to carry out social
isolation. Direct the review of all persons entering from or passing through China
within 14 days to implement the above quarantine measures. To mobilize resources
to take measures to prevent epidemics and ensure the service of isolation. When
there is a case of an illness, the epidemic must be declared immediately;
implementing students and students out of school and stopping all collective
activities, crowded gatherings, and festivals under the direction of the Secretariat
and the Prime Minister.

Image 7: Some stores and shops closed after the government's social
quarantine order was issued.
3.2. Long term:
3.2.1. Economic:
Directive 11 / CT-TTg has implemented long-term tasks and solutions for
economic recovery and development:
- Firstly, reform institutions to open up, free up resources for development,

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and improve national governance capacity. Strongly innovate, improve efficiency in
law construction and enforcement. To step up the reform and simplification of
administrative procedures, improve the investment and business environment, focus
on solving bottlenecks and shortcomings, creating open conditions for investors and
enterprises. Accelerate the development of policy and legal framework, complete
legal framework for new business models, digital transformation application.
- Second, accelerate the process of economic restructuring. Supporting the
development of industries and fields with potentials and advantages, participating
deeply in value chains through preferential policies on finance - state budget, credit
and other support policies. To restore and stabilize agricultural production, ensure
national food security and export suitability, efficiency, and adaptation to the new
situation; strengthen and improve the capacity of disease prevention and control.
Focus on restoring and developing new supply chains and value chains; diversify,
avoid depending on a market for both export and import; increase exports.
- Thirdly, to improve the capacity and competitiveness in order to anticipate
new opportunities, advantages and opportunities. Effectively support domestic
enterprises (including state-owned enterprises, private enterprises, FDI enterprises);
not to be taken advantage of, acquired by foreign investors. To step up the
arrangement, renewal and divestment associated with improving the operational
efficiency of State enterprises; promoting the leading role of corporations and large
enterprises in forming value chains, promoting the participation of small and
medium enterprises. Create favorable conditions for enterprises of all economic
sectors to promote creativity and adaptability, take advantage of opportunities,
improve competitiveness and create jobs for employees. Proactively, adopt
mechanisms and policies, improve infrastructure, provide support services to attract
and select foreign investment cooperation, ensure quality, efficiency and
environmental protection. ecology, especially from large corporations, multinational
companies with high technology, strong potential, leading or dominating production
networks, regional and global value chains.
- Fourth, promote development of digital government, digital economy,
digital society, innovation and application of science and technology. Focus
resources to develop a number of shared technology platforms, core national
database systems; ensure safety technical infrastructure and information security.
Building and developing a system of national, regional and local innovation centers;
supporting and developing a startup ecosystem, innovating.

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 - Fifth, ensuring social security, creating jobs, training human resources in
line with the new trend. Effectively implement policies to support social security,
create jobs, create conditions for employees to return to the market soon, ensure
enough workforce when entering the stage of increasing production. , business after
translation. Focusing on supporting employers to train and retrain employees to
meet new requirements; to step up the connection of domestic labor supply and
demand, and link to the international labor market.
- Sixthly, to bring into play the strengths of key economic regions and big
cities as the locomotives for socio-economic development. Formulate and
implement policies and solutions for sustainable, synchronous, systematic
development of the region, creating spillover effects. Promote intra-regional, inter-
regional and international links, create a basis for developing new models of
territorial organization, organization of production and business; forming industry
clusters, interconnected production and supply value chains; to create a new
development space, suitable to the socialist-oriented market economy institutions.
3.2.2. Society:
Decision No. 437 / QD-TTg, Directive No. 13 / CT-TTg outlined policies to
improve social work, post-pandemic.
3.2.2.1. Education:
- Official Letter No. 716 / VPCP-KGVX dated 02/02/2020 on asking for
guidance to allow students to quit school to prevent and fight against nCoV. The
Prime Minister directed kindergartens, primary schools, secondary schools and high
schools to promptly leave students from school to prevent epidemics.
- Official Dispatch No. 183 / HD-CV dated August 10, 2020, requesting
units and localities to promote propaganda and education about the law on COVID-
19 epidemic prevention and control.
3.2.2.2. Culture and entertainment:
- The problem of restoring and maintaining cultural and recreational
activities is very difficult. Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism Nguyen Ngoc
Thien with leaders of art units, discussed solutions to organize activities after
Covid-19 on the morning of May 19, the assessments , the data has just been
mentioned in general. Some new solutions only affect units directly under the
Ministry.
- Culture - art and creativity is an industry with many specialties, and is

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suffering equally heavy consequences as other industries. Therefore, we need more
specific and long-term support from the Government.
4. Policy Subjects:
4.1. Policy Promulgators:
- National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
- Vietnam’s Prime Minister
- Vietnam’s Ministries
- Vietnam’s local authorities at all level

Image 8: Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc

4.2. Policy Implementers:
4.2.1. CDC:
- Since the organization-wide COVID-19 pandemic action kicked off on
January 21, 2020, CDC has been learning more about how the disease spreads and
affects its citizens and citizens. communities. Our work helps frontline health care
workers, communities and the public protect themselves and protect people's lives.
- Roles of CDC:
+ Preparing first responders, healthcare providers, and health systems.
+ Advising businesses, communities and schools. CDC has provided advice
that has evolved as more is known about COVID-19.
+ From the beginning of the pandemic, CDC has been at the forefront of
sharing what they’ve learned about COVID-19. Protecting the health of travelers
and communities in a mobile world. CDC protects travelers and helps maintain

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public health security through activities that lessen the public health risk of rapid
global travel, including issuing guidance; educating travelers; working with
international, federal, state, local, and industry partners; and actions taken at
borders.
+ CDC has published a variety of communications resources that state and
local governments and community organizations can use to support their own
response to the pandemic.
4.2.2. Ministry of Health:
- The Ministry of Health assumes many of the greatest responsibilities
and mandates in the implementation of policies for the prevention and response
to covid-19.
- Firstly, the Ministry of Health is responsible for reporting data and
information about covid-19. It also has to propagate and warn people to have a clear
awareness of the disease and its developments, so that they do not panic or be
indifferent.
- The Ministry of Health has developed testing plans for the period with
cases of disease infiltration from abroad, secondary cases in the community and
localized outbreaks, and preparing testing plans for cases of widespread disease. in
the community. Implement a testing strategy for high-risk groups according to each
plan appropriate to the disease situation ...
- The Ministry of Health has presided over the development of detailed
instructions on epidemic surveillance and disease prevention at workplaces, schools,
factories, residential areas, and crowded areas such as markets, theaters, and yards.
mobilization, worker's dormitory ... to ensure proactive disease prevention in the
community, ensuring production in parallel with safety of epidemic prevention and
control.
4.2.3. Ministry of Transport:
- The Ministry of Transport has just sent the Official Express No. 7234 /
BGTVT-CYT to the Directorate for Roads of Vietnam, the Departments, the
Department of Transport of the provinces and cities directly under the Central
Government; Lao Cai Department of Transport and Construction on strengthening
prevention measures against Covid-19 on passenger transport vehicles. (7/2020)
- The Ministry of Transport has instructed the Aviation Department to stop
transporting Vietnamese citizens on international flights to Noi Bai airport. Instead,
flights will land at Van Don airport. Road border gates contiguous to Laos,

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Cambodia and China have also been tightened, manpower has been strengthened to
respond. (3/2020)

4.2.4. Ministry of Foreign Affairs:

- The Ministry of Foreign Affairs coordinates with the Ministry of Public
Security and the Embassy of Vietnam in the host country to effectively organize flights
to welcome Vietnamese citizens (including Vietnamese businessmen) stuck in foreign
countries, and at the same time coordinate To relevant ministries and agencies on the
route to re-connect routes with a number of countries and isolation procedures for
foreigners on short-term entry, propose to the Prime Minister the above mentioned
contents to prevent epidemics. import and step by step facilitate economic
development.
4.2.5. Vietnam Border Defence Force:
- Patrol and controls the border line, border gate, trails and openings tightly;
assign and arrange fixed and mobile teams and posts in accordance with the border
lines bordering China, Laos and Cambodia, ensuring control, prevention, early
detection and handling of left exit and entry allowed.
4.2.6.Ministry of Industry and Trade:
- The Ministry of Industry and Trade supports Vietnamese enterprises to
ensure food export conditions in the complicated conditions of COVID-19
epidemic.
- The Ministry of Industry and Trade directs to ensure production and supply
of quality goods to meet the needs of the people
4.2.7. Affiliated agencies & Specialized agencies:
4.3. Policy Beneficiaries:
4.3.1. From short-term problem-solving policies:
- As has been determined, the short-term problem of the covid-19 pandemic
is their negative impact on public health and human life. Therefore, when a policy is
in place to address this issue, the beneficiaries will be those individuals affected or
possibly directly affected by the covid-19 virus. These may be covid-19 positive
patients; people exposed to covid-19, people in quarantine; subject suspected of
being covid-19 positive; positive or suspected covid-19 positive contact persons.
There are also people participating in direct activities such as health workers,
workers participating in epidemic prevention and control. The policies given to
support these people are usually health support policies, costs of medical

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examination and treatment, costs of testing, and covid-19 treatment. The goals of
these policies are to speed up the process of repelling the epidemic, ensure the
health of the people, so they focus on creating resources for disease prevention and
control. To help better understand the beneficiaries of the policies, here are some
verified examples of policies and resolutions issued by the Vietnamese government:
- The Government has issued Resolution No. 37 / NQ-CP on some specific
regimes in the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemics. Specifically,
regarding the meal fee of the person subject to the medical isolation measure, the
subjects of application are Vietnamese people, foreigners being subject to the
medical isolation measure at the medical examination and treatment facility or at
Other establishments, locations (not applicable to isolation at home, accommodation,
hotel, resort, business). The Resolution also provides for the payment of other medical
examination and treatment expenses for those who are in concentrated medical
isolation and suffer from other diseases that require examination and treatment.
(03/2020)
- On September 21/2020, the Ministry of Health issued Decision 4042 / QD-
BYT on the approval of the Plan for testing to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection during
the COVID-19 epidemic. This Decision replaces Decision No. 2245 / QD-BYT
dated 22/4/2020 of the Ministry of Health on test plan for detection of SARS-CoV-2
infection during the COVID-19 epidemic phase. The COVID-19 test plan is for the
general purpose of promptly detecting COVID-19 cases to conduct surveillance,
isolation, treatment, evaluation for discharge and research. Accordingly, the plan is
to classify test subjects according to their priority. (09/2020)
4.3.2. From long-term problem-solving policies:
The long-term consequences of the covid-19 pandemic are its economic
impacts. [ CITATION Placeholder1 \l 1033 ]It can be seen that the beneficiaries of
the policy of dealing with the economical consequences of covid-19 will be divided
in two. One is the working class, the other is businesses.
4.3.2.1. The working class:
The Prime Minister stated that the situation requires taking care of people's
lives, especially workers, the poor, the disadvantaged, part-time workers, people
who lose their jobs or income to ensure a decent life.
The Government will set aside the amount to support people facing
difficulties caused by the translation of Covid-19 through the social security
package up to VND 52,080 billion with many specific policies for the poor and the

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unemployed. The draft Government Resolution outlines 6 groups of subjects that
are expected to be supported as follows (04/2020) :
- Employees interpreting labor contract performance or paying without
payment
-Household business
-Employees are terminated labor contract, working contract but not enough
for unemployment
-Employees without labor contract
-People with the network; poverty ethnic people, pools and social protection objects
-The employer loans the capital to pay the working pay for the employee

Image 9: Policy beneficiaries groups

- These subjects will of course be supported if and only if certain conditions
are met, for further inquiries can be found in the source provided. (04/2020)
4.3.2.2. The businesses:
- In the context of global difficulties in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic,
the Vietnamese business community has also suffered very negative and heavy
impacts. In order to support enterprises in solving difficulties in production and
business, many policies and solutions have been promulgated or submitted to
competent authorities for approval.
- Implementing the Prime Minister's Directive, many important policies have

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been promulgated by ministries and branches or submitted to competent authorities
for timely promulgation in order to remove difficulties for production and business
and ensure social security. society. As follows: Support to reduce production costs;
Credit support and exchange rate management; Support businesses through the
group of fiscal policies
- To understand more specifically about the policies, look at the source
(05/2020)
- Besides, there are also capital support, tax support, and electricity price
reduction for manufacturing and business sectors. Suspension of payment of social
insurance premiums into the retirement and death fund. To push back the deadline
for payment of trade union fees. Exemption or reduction of interests and fees
according to the internal regulations of the credit institution. To borrow money to
pay off work wages for employees. (05/2020)
5. Policy Tools:
5.1. Administrative – Organizational tools:
- The governmental bodies proposed, reviewed, approved and issued
different legislative documents to form driving force for policy implementation.
- Some documents such as Directive 16 / CT-TTg, Directive No. 15 / CT-
TTg, Decision 170 / QD-TTg, Directive 11 / CT-TTg have specifically directed
measures to prevent epidemics. from central to local level. Establishment of the
Covid epidemic prevention committee 19. Policies to support people and enterprises
in economic recovery and stability after Covid.
5.2. Economic tools:
- The government implemented a number of measures such as:
Strengthening sanctions, sanctioning individuals and organizations violating
epidemic prevention work, and subsidizing organizations for business recovery.
Allocating budgets to localities to prevent epidemics, set up an anti-epidemic fund,
volunteer activities, ...
- Support for businesses and employees: According to Official Letter 2698 /
BCT-DTĐL, Directive 11 / CT-TTg, Official Letter 897 / TCT-QLN, Resolution 42
/ NQ-CP stated the subsidies for businesses and employees as follows:
+ 10% discount on retail electricity price for manufacturing and trading
industries
+ Capital support: shorten time to review loan application, improve
customers' accessibility to loan; to promptly apply supportive measures such as
rescheduling the loan repayment term, considering loan interest exemption or
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reduction, keeping the debt group, reducing fees ... for customers facing difficulties
due to the effects of Covid-19. (the first is a credit support package of about 250
trillion dong).
+ Tax support: The Government deferred tax payment, and exempted late
payment interest due to the Covid-19 epidemic, is implemented in accordance with
Clause 3 Article 31 of Circular 156/2013 / TT-BTC.
+ Suspension of payment of social insurance premiums into the retirement
and survivorship allowance fund: Employers are entitled to temporarily suspend
their payment to the retirement and survivorship fund in the following cases:
Suspension of production and business for 01 month or more due to an epidemic
Covid 19
+ Exemption or reduction of interest and fees according to internal
regulations of credit institutions: Obligation to repay principal or interest
matures from January 23, 2020 to the date immediately following 03 consecutive
months from the date of payment
+ To borrow money to pay the work stoppage salary to the employee.
5.3. Educational – Psychology tools:
- Official Dispatch No. 183 / HD-CV focuses on propagating to cadres, civil
servants, public employees, employees and people with accurate and timely
information about situation, dangerous nature, danger and harm. and measures to
prevent and fight epidemics, promote propaganda and disseminate laws on prevention
and control of infectious diseases, focus on prohibited acts and sanctions such as:
intentional spread of patients causing infectious diseases; concealing, failing to report
or not promptly reporting cases of the epidemic; knowingly giving false statements,
false information, refusing or evading quarantine measures as prescribed; to
discriminate against and bring negative images and information about the infected
person; failure to comply with epidemic prevention and control measures ...; regimes
and benefits for people applying the medical isolation measure; medical examination
and treatment regimes for infected people and people participating in epidemic
prevention and control; Regulations on medical declaration for people entering,
leaving, in transit ...
- Proposed propaganda methods include: information and propaganda on
newspapers and radio; propaganda through publications such as leaflets, leaflets,
newsletters, internal announcements, question and answer materials ...; propagate on
websites, electronic information pages of agencies, units and localities; visual
propaganda in public places with banners, slogans, panels, posters, LED boards;
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propagate by mobile vehicle to each residential area, focusing on remote villages and
communes.
- In addition, use measures to propagate on the internet and social networks
by actively posting news, articles, official information about the causes and harms,
how to prevent epidemics on social networks, behavior. violations and sanctions for
violations of laws related to the prevention and control of diseases of Covid-19 via
Facebook, Zalo, Youtube, VCNET ...; Propaganda via electronic messages,
electronic devices (videos, pictures)
5.4. Managerial tools:
- Government, health ministries and other stakeholders work closely
together to monitor and guide policy implementation, responding quickly to
changes and issues that arise in the process of execution.
6. International – What we can learn:
6.1. Taiwan policies:
Rather than shuttering its economy for weeks on end in an attempt to slow
the virus, Taiwan went another way—after quickly closing its borders and banning
exports of surgical masks, the government used contact tracing and mobile Sim-
tracking to identify and ensure those in quarantine were actually abiding by the
rules. Taiwan has a single-payer healthcare system, medical officials held briefings
for the public daily, and businesses were kept open by using aggressive
precautionary measures like taking temperatures and providing sanitizer before
patrons could enter business establishments. Throughout, the government’s
centralized response was seen as convincing and credible—it certainly didn’t hurt
that Taiwan’s vice president is an epidemiologist.
6.2. Singapore policies:
Singapore was among the first countries hailed a “winner” for its pandemic
response, a well-deserved reputation on the back of its aggressive approach to
contact-tracing (which included scanning people’s IDs at supermarkets) and
widespread testing. In retrospect, Singapore was well-positioned to outperform
others in its pandemic response given its previous lessons learned from the SARS
epidemic, its small size (5.7 million people total) and centralized “nanny state”
approach not just to healthcare crises, but other facets of policy as well. The
government built temporary bed spaces at breakneck speeds to house COVID-19
patients, keeping the casualty rate low (<0.1% of confirmed cases).
6.3. Sweden policies:

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 - As a country determined to pursue community immunity by keeping
things almost constant when a pandemic occurs, Sweden is constantly making the
world pay attention, to see how the results go wrong. The Telegraph dated August 9
summarized this very thrilling reality story.
- Initially, it seemed that Sweden failed badly: while the number of cases in
the countries where the blockade was applied decreased, the number in Sweden still
increased and the economy of the country - should have been "saved" thanks to not
affected by social disparity - predicted to be recession again. Deaths from COVID-
19 will become meaningless as the Swedes still lose their jobs.
- But in July, the rate of infection increased sharply in countries that had
blocked the blockade, first Spain, then Germany, France and Belgium. Some
countries are forced to selectively reapply blockades. At this point, the blockade
turned out to be just "sweeping the trash under the carpet", that is, temporarily
hidden, not resolved. In contrast, Sweden has yet to have a second wave of COVID-
19 and its economy is surprisingly positive.
- In early August, Stockholm announced that the economy was only down
8.6% in the second quarter, the number could be considered a disaster under normal
conditions, but in the pandemic it was enough to be called a victory. Compared to
the outside, it is seen: GDP of the countries in the eurozone decreased 12% in the
same period, only Spain decreased 18%.
- Sweden's economy grew 0.4% in the first quarter. According to The
Telegraph, Sweden has the ability to become the only developed country to surpass
COVID-19 without an economic recession - which means declining growth in the
two consecutive quarters. continued.
- Back to the story of community immunity. Antibody tests show that
Sweden is far from reaching the community immunity threshold. The country's
public health agency in June admitted that even in the capital Stockholm, where as
of May 600,000 cases were reported, only 10% of the population had antibodies, far
from levels deemed necessary. 60%).
- However, a study (not published) by Strathclyde University (Scotland)
suggested that heterogeneity in infectious ability should be taken into account when
calculating a community immunity threshold for Sweden. In that case, according to
lead researcher Gabriella Gomes, the threshold will be 10-20%, meaning Sweden is
almost there.
6.4. What we can learn:

23
 Some important lessons from countries that have had their relative success in
stopping virus transmission and minimizing mortality. The lessons learned are: use
of personal protective equipment, early screening of inpatients, early isolation of
cases, prompt and extensive testing of all suspected and exposed cases with
confirmed cases, and rapid data sharing between health facilities. In addition,
applying technology to disease prevention will bring about high efficiency. Besides,
the Swedish story is still long. Because if a country does not blockade but is still not
seriously affected by the economy, people in blocked countries will "ask questions
from difficult answers" for the government immediately. Vietnam needs to consider
a plan to gradually dismantle social isolation while ensuring safety to restore the
economy.

7. Evaluate & Recommendation:

In general, thanks to reasonable government policies and close coordination
between ministries, departments and people. Vietnam performs relatively well in
the prevention of Covid's epidemic 19.
7.1. Evaluate:
7.1.1. Domestic:
- According to the survey, Vietnam is the country with the highest
satisfaction in the world about the government's response to the epidemic (followed
by Argentina (61%), Austria (58%), Singapore (57%), and China. Nation (56%),
South Africa (56%) A Forbes survey rated the level of people's trust with the
government up to 89%, leading in the list of countries surveyed.
- The most prominent roles in the fight against the epidemic were Vu Duc
Dam and Nguyen Duc Chung. A key factor in the Vietnamese government's success
is the mobilization of Vietnamese nationalism by framing the virus as foreign
invaders. By being transparent and proactively communicating with the public,
government gained credibility and maintained public trust. Besides, Vietnam
combines the principles of democracy and authoritarian practice.
- Vietnam created Bluezone is an application released by the Department of
Computerization of the Ministry of Information and Communications, in
coordination with the Ministry of Health of Vietnam, only for Android and iOS to
track contacts and warn people infected with COVID. -19 using the BLE protocol.

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 Image 10: BlueZone Application
7.1.2. International :
- According to the analysis of American experts, Vietnam has learned from
the SARS epidemic 2002–2004 and the 2009 influenza pandemic when it
implemented early social isolation, drastic actions from political leaders and The
one-party authoritarian state regime quickly responded effectively to COVID-19
from the start. Due to the inability to conduct a wide-scale Korean anti-epidemic
testing, Vietnam implements a strict 14-day quarantine policy and traces people
exposed to the virus; rather than relying on medicine and technology, the
Vietnamese state security apparatus has adopted a system of wide public
surveillance with a well-respected public military force. The Guardian mentions
Vietnam's propaganda posters that reflect the wartime spirit and Vietnamese
nationalism on the posters, along with early quarantine and tracing for contacts with
sick people. helped Vietnam avoid the tragedy that Europe is suffering.
- Vietnam effectively handling the pandemic is extraordinary given its
strong economic and borderline sharing with China; emphasis on quarantine measures
nationwide for a month, quarantine for 14 days upon entry, and tracing cases.
Vietnam's position increased not only because of pandemic prevention, but also
increased supply of medical supplies, not only for ASEAN but also the United States,
Russia, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Japan. In a post-corona world,
Vietnam has emerged as an important global player both economically and
strategically.
- US Ambassador to Vietnam Daniel Kritenbrink "praised" the Vietnamese
government and people for being very proactive, cooperative and transparent in
fighting the epidemic. The US delegation also "praised" Vietnam for its quarantine
efforts and for its cooperation with the Vietnamese embassy in the United States. WHO
Regional Director for the Western Pacific, Takeshi Kasai, in a press conference also
"praised" the drastic direction of the Vietnamese government in implementing
measures to curb the spread of COVID-19. The Norwegian Ambassador to Vietnam,
25
Grete Lochen, affirmed that she was very impressed with what the Government of
Vietnam has done up to now to prevent COVID-19, both domestically, regionally and
internationally.

Image 11: Vietnam economic growth forecast for some international

organizations.
7.2. Recommendation:
Currently, the Vietnamese government has done very well the zoning,
quarantine, and prevention of Covid 19. Although there are many economic losses,
we have taken measures to support from the government. But, we cannot stay in
isolation forever. Socio-economic activities need to return to normal. So here we
will mainly give some recommendations about epidemic prevention in the long term
:
- We must learn to live with the epidemic until there is a Vaccine. It is
necessary to reopen international routes, border gates and economic activities for
the economy to operate normally. But always attached to that are the regulations on
epidemic prevention such as: Regularly washing hands, wearing masks, quarantine
regulations for 14 days after entry are still maintained, ...
- Strengthening facilities is required, and the establishment of field hospitals
and segregated areas are always required to be prepared to respond to epidemics in
case emergencies occur.
- The training of medical doctors and doctors needs to be focused, sending
physicians abroad to study about vaccines of the country which have been prepared
such as: Russia.
- Awareness propaganda for the people always needs to be focused.
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Avoiding subjective people, not complying with epidemic prevention rules will
bring unpredictable consequences.
- Vaccines, vaccines and vaccines.
8. Reference:
(n.d.).

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viet-nam-rat-nhanh-va-hieu-qua

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Bremmer, I. (2020, 6 12). The Best Global Responses to COVID-19 Pandemic.

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