ĐỀ THI DEMO THPT QG 2018_SỐ 01

(50 câu trắc nghiệm – Thời gian: 60 phút)

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined
part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. chamber B. ancient C. danger D. ancestor
Question 2: A. smoothly B. southern C. breath D. airworthy

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the
other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3: A. operation B. supervision C. reinforce D. committee
Question 4: A. overlook B. influential C. furniture D. oceanic

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs
correction in each of the following questions.
Question 5: The skin receives nearly (A) the (B) third of the blood pumped out (C) by (D)
the heart.
Question 6: Salt was once (A) too (B) scare and (C) precious that it was used as money. (D)
Question 7: There being (A) no evidence (B) against himself (C) , Slade was released. (D)

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of
the following questions.
Question 8: Are there any household chores for …………………. men are better
…………….. than women?
A. whose/suited B. which/suit C. that/suit D. which/suited
Question 9: Too many factories dispose ……………… their waste by pumping it into rivers
and the sea.
A. out B. of C. away D. off
Question 10: Why did Berth ask you ……………….. a bicycle?
A. that if you had B. do you have C. that you had D. if you had
Question 11: She wondered if they ……………………. her jeweler and rather hoped that
they had.
A. find B. have found C. had found D. would find
Question 12: I cannot bear the noise of my brother’s radio; it ………………. me from my
work.
A. distracts B. perturbs C. interrupts D. disturbs
Question 13: -“Is swimming under water very difficult?”
-“No, it’s just a matter …………………… able to control your breathing.”
A. to be B. of being C. that you are D. being
Question 14: I am going to the dentist’s tomorrow. I hope I don’t need to …………………..
A. have anything done B. have nothing done C. be done anything D. get him do anything
Question 15: A young girl came on to the stage with a bouquet …………………… to the
conductor.
A. Presented B. and presented C. for presenting D. to present
Question 16: …………………….. I love you, I can’t let you do whatever you like.
A. Whatever B. Whether C. Despite D. Much as
Question 17: He ……………………. alone a month ago, and …………………… of since.
A. set off/hasn’t been heard B. setted off/hasn’t heard
C. set on/hasn’t heard D. setted on/hadn’t been heard
Question 18: His ……………….. of the school regulations really can’t be ignored any
longer.
A. carelessness B. inattention C. unfamiliarity D. disregard
Question 19: Beaches were ………………….. as police searched for canisters of toxic waste
from the damaged ship.
A. sealed off B. cut off C. washed up D. kept out

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to
complete each of the following exchanges.
Question 20: Peter: “……………………………………”
Tim: “What happened?”
A. What did you do today? B. I had a bad day.
C. How was your day? D. Have a nice day.
Question 21: “Don’t fail to look after yourself, Mary!” – “…………………………………”
A. Of course, you’re an adult. B. Oh, I knew about that.
C. Thanks, me too. D. Thanks, I will.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined ones.
Question 22: When you cross the street, be careful and be on the alert for the bus.
A. Look for B. watch out for C. search for D. watch for
Question 23: He was asked to account for his presence at the scene of crime
 A. complain B. exchange C. explain D. arrange

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s)

OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 24: In remote communities, it’s important to replenish stocks before the winter sets
in.
A. remake B. empty C. refill D. repeat
Question 25: There has been no discernible improvement in the noise levels since lorries
were banned.
A. clear B. obvious C. thin D. insignificant

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in
meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 26: Were it not for the money, this job wouldn’t be worthwhile
A. This job is not rewarding at all.
B. This job offers a poor salary.
C. Although the salary is poor, the job is worthwhile.
D. The only thing that makes this job worthwhile is the money.
Question 27: At no time did the two sides look likely to reach an agreement
A. The two sides had no time to reach an agreement.
B. The two sides never looked likely to reach an agreement
C. If the two sides had had time, they would have reached an agreement
D. The two sides never look like each other
Question 28: No matter how hard Fred tried to start the car, he didn’t succeed.
A. Fred tried very hard to start the car, and succeeded.
B. However hard Fred tried, he couldn’t start the car.
C. It’s hard for Fred to start the car because he never succeeded.
D. Fred tried hard to start the car, and with success.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that
best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 29: The new restaurant looks good. However, it seems to have few customers
A. In order to get more business, the new restaurant should improve its appearance.
B. The new restaurant would have more customers if it looked better.
C. If it had a few more customers, the new restaurant would look better.
 D. In spite of its appearance, the new restaurant does not appear to attract much business.
Question 30: No one but the experts was able to realize that the painting was an imitation. It
greatly resembled the original.
A. It was obvious that only a person with great talent could fake a painting so successfully.
B. It was almost impossible for amateurs to realize that the painting was not authentic,
though the experts could judge it quite easily.
C. The painting looked so much like the authentic one that only the experts could tell it
wasn’t genuine.
D. It was hard for ordinary people to judge between the fake painting and the real one.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
There has been an outbreak of avian influenza, better known as bird flu in Asia
recently. The first (31) _____ died two weeks ago in Vietnam and there have been the cases
reported since in Thailand, and there are some suspected cases in Cambodia as well as.
Wild birds are affected by a large number of flu viruses, just as the humans and other
animals are, but they are normally exclusive to birds. If the viruses manage to mutate, they
can to jump the species barrier and infect human beings. The first case (32) _____ someone
died was in Hong Kong in 1997.
There are the several different forms of bird flu, ranging from mild to very
(33) _____ infections, which spreading rapidly and kill many of the birds they infect. It is
spread by wild birds-ducks, in particular – which carry the virus, but aren't killed by it. They
can spread the virus to farm birds through (34) _____ contact or by the contaminating water
supplies.
World Health Organization officials have attributed the spread of bird flu to
human contact with the
droppings of infected birds and (35) _____ sanitation. There was no evidence at first that the
virus spread from person to person, though there has been a case of this happening being
investigated by scientists.
Question 31: A. victim B. casualty C. sufferer D. infector
Question 32: A. where B. when C. which D. why
Question 33: A. strict B. severe C. serious D. heavy
Question 34: A. direct B. straight C. immediate D. square
Question 35: A. awful B. bad C. terrible D. poor
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
DESERTIFICATION
Desertification is the degradation of once-productive land into unproductive or poorly
productive land. Since the first great urban-agricultural centers in Mesopotamia nearly 6,000
years ago, human activity has had a destructive impact on soil quality, leading to gradual
desertification in virtually every area of the world.
It is a common misconception that desertification is caused by droughts. Although
drought does make land more vulnerable, well-managed land can survive droughts and
recover, even in arid regions. Another mistaken belief is that the process occurs only along
the edges of deserts. In fact, it may take place in any arid or semiarid region, especially
where poor land management is practiced. Most vulnerable, however, are the
transitional zones between deserts and arable land; wherever human activity leads to
land abuse in these fragile marginal areas, soil destruction is inevitable.
[1] Agriculture and overgrazing are the two major sources of desertification.
[2] Large-scale farming requires extensive irrigation, which ultimately destroys lands
by depleting its nutrients and leaching minerals into the topsoil. [3] Grazing is especially
destructive to land because, in addition to depleting cover vegetation, herds of grazing
mammals also trample the fine organic particles of the topsoil, leading to soil compaction and
erosion. [4] It takes about 500 years for the earth to build up 3 centimeters of topsoil.
However, cattle ranching and agriculture can deplete as much as 2 to 3 centimeters of topsoil
every 25 years - 60 to 80 times faster than it can be replaced by nature.
Salination is a type of land degradation that involves an increase in the salt
content of the soil. This usually occurs as a result of improper irrigation practices. The
greatest Mesopotamian empires- Sumer, Akkad and Babylon- were built on the surplus
of the enormously productive soil of the ancient Tigris- Euphrates alluvial plain. After
nearly a thousand years of intensive cultivation, land quality was in evident decline.
In response, around 2800 BC the Sumerians began digging the huge Tigris-Euphrates canal
system to irrigate the exhausted soil. A temporary gain in crop yield was achieved in this
way, but over-irrigation was to have serious and unforeseen consequences. From as early as
2400 BC we find Sumerian documents referring to salinization as a soil problem. It is
believed that the fall of the Akkadian Empire around 2150 BC may have been due to a
catastrophic failure in land productivity; the soil was literally turned into salt. Even today,
four thousand years later, vast tracks of salinized land between the Tigris and
Euphrates rivers still resemble rock-hard fields of snow.
Soil erosion is another form of desertification. It is a self-reinforcing process;
once the cycle of degradation begins, conditions are set for continual deterioration. As the
vegetative cover begins to disappear, soil becomes more vulnerable to raindrop impact. Water
runs off instead of soaking in to provide moisture for plans. This further diminishes plan
cover by leaching away nutrients from the soil. As soil quality declines and runoff is
increased, floods become more frequent and more severe. Flooding washes away
topsoil, the thin, rich, uppermost layer of the earth’s soil, and leaves finer underlying
particles more vulnerable to wind erosion. Topsoil contains the earth’s greatest concentration
of organic matter and microorganisms, and is where most of the earth’s land-based biological
activity occurs. Without this fragile coat of nutrient-laden material, plan life cannot exist.
An extreme case of its erosion is found in the Sahel, a transitional zone between the Sahara
Desert and the tropical African rain forests; home to some 56 million people.
Overpopulation and overgrazing have opened the hyperarid land to wind erosion,
which is stripping away the protective margin of the Sahel, and causing the desert to
grow at an alarming rate. Between 1950 and 1975, the Sahara Desert spread 100
kilometers southward through the Sahel.
Question 36: Which of the following statement is true about desertification?
A. It has a history as long as that of civilization.
B. It was just as serious in the past as it is today.
C. It is a fairy recent problem.
D. Ancient societies managed the problem well.
Question 37: The word “arable” in paragraph 2 is closet in meaning to _____.
A. cultivate B. dry C. settled D. populated
Question 38: According to the passage, many people’s understanding of desertification is
incorrect because _____.
A. they do not think of of it as a serious problem
B. they see it as being reversible
C. they do not see it as being caused by human activity
D. they think of it as a very slow process
Question 39: According to the passage, agriculture furthers desertification through
which of the following activities
A. The repetitive planting of the same crop B. Irrigation
 C. The stripping away of native vegetation D. Over fertilization
Question 40: The word “degradation” in paragraph 4 is closet in meaning to _____.
A. rejuvenation B. deterioration C. contribution D. consumption
Question 41: Paragraph 4 of the passage serves mainly to do which of the following?
A. Show the progress of desertification down through history.
B. Propose a method for dealing with the desertification problem.
C. Describe one progress that leads to desertification.
D. Describe the main cause of desertification in one particular area.
Question 42: The word “leaching” in paragraph 5 is closet in meaning to _____.
A. washing B. depositing C. concentrating D. dispersing
Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
(1) Iron production was revolutionized in the early eighteenth century when coke was
first used instead of charcoal for refining iron ore. Previously the poor quality of the iron had
restricted its use in architecture to items such as chains and tie bars for supporting arches,
vaults, and walls. With the improvement in refining ore, it was now possible to make
cast-iron beams, columns, and girders. During the nineteenth century further advances
were made, notably Bessemer’s process for converting iron into steel, which made the
material more commercially viable.
(2) Iron was rapidly adopted for the construction of bridges, because its
strength was far greater than that of stone or timber, but its use in the architecture of
buildings developed more slowly. By 1800 a complete internal iron skeleton for buildings
had been developed in industrial architecture replacing traditional timber beams, but it
generally remained concealed. Apart from its low cost, the appeal of iron as a building
material lay in its strength, its resistance to fire, and its potential to span vast areas. As a
result, iron became increasingly popular as a structural material for more traditional styles of
architecture during the nineteenth century, but it was invariably concealed.
(3) Significantly, the use of exposed iron occurred mainly in the new building
types spawned by the Industrial Revolution: in factories, warehouses, commercial offices,
exhibition hall, and railroad stations, where its practical advantages far outweighed its
lack of status. Designers of the railroad stations of the new age explored the potential
of iron, covering huge areas with spans that surpassed the great vaults of medieval
churches and cathedrals. Paxton’s Crystal Palace, designed to house the Great Exhibition of
1851, covered an area of 1.848 feet by 408 feet in prefabricated units of glass set in iron
frames. The Paris Exhibition of 1889 included both the widest span and the greatest height
achieved so far with the Halle Des Machines, spanning 362 feet, and the Eiffel Tower 1,000
feet high. However, these achievements were mocked by the artistic elite of Paris as
expensive and ugly follies. Iron, despite its structural advantages, had little aesthetic status.
The use of an exposed iron structure in the more traditional styles of architecture was slower
to develop.
Question 43: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Advances in iron processing in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
B. The effects of the Industrial Revolution on traditional architectural styles.
C. Advantages of stone and timber over steel as a building material.
D. The evolution of the use of iron in architecture during the 1800’s.
Question 44: According to the passage, iron was NOT used for beams, columns, and girders
prior to the early eighteenth century because _____.
A. all available iron was needed for other purposes
B. limited mining capability made iron too expensive
C. iron was considered too valuable for use in public buildings
D. the use of charcoal for refining ore produced poor quality iron
Question 45: Iron replaced stone and timber in the building of bridges because iron was
considered _____.
A. more beautiful B. new and modern C. much stronger D. easier to transport
Question 46: The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to_____.
A. industrial architecture B. internal iron skeleton
C. stone D. strength
Question 47: The word “surpassed” is closest in meaning to _____.
A. imitated B. exceeded C. approached D. included
Question 48: According to paragraph 3, the architectural significance of the Halle Des
Machines was its _____.
A. wide span B. great height
C. unequaled beauty D. prefabricated unites of glass
Question 49: How did the artistic elite mentioned in the passage react to the buildings at the
Paris Exhibition?
A. They tried to copy them. B. They ridiculed them.
C. They praised them. D. They refused to pay to see them.
Question 50: It can be inferred that the delayed use of exposed iron structures in
traditional styles of architecture is best explained by the _____.
A. impracticality of using iron for small, noncommercial buildings
B. association of iron architecture with the problems of the Industrial Revolution
C. general belief that iron offered less resistance to fire and harsh weather than traditional
materials
D. general perception that iron structures were not aesthetically pleasing
 Đáp án
1-D 2-C 3-D 4-C 5-B 6-B 7-C 8-D 9-B 10-D
11-C 12-A 13-B 14-A 15-D 16-D 17-A 18-D 19-A 20-B
21-D 22-B 23-C 24-D 25-D 26-D 27-B 28-B 29-D 30-C
31-A 32-A 33-C 34-A 35-D 36-A 37-A 38-C 39-B 40-B
41-C 42-A 43-D 44-D 45-C 46-B 47-B 48-A 49-B 50-D

LỜI GIẢI CHI TIẾT

Question 1: Đáp án D
ancestor
/a/ trong ancestor được phát âm là /æ/, các âm /a/ trong các từ còn lại phát âm là /eɪ/
ancestor/ˈænsestə(r)/, chamber /ˈtʃeɪmbə(r)/, ancient/ˈeɪnʃənt/, danger/ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/
Question 2: Đáp án C
breath
/th/ trong breath được phát âm là /θ/, các âm /th/ trong các từ còn lại phát âm là /θ/
breath /breθ/, smoothly /ˈsmuːðli/, southern /ˈsʌðən/, airworthy /ˈeəwɜːði/
Question 3: Đáp án D
committee
Từ committee trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2, các từ còn lại trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3
committee/kəˈmɪti/, cooperation /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/, supervision /ˌsuːpəˈvɪʒn/, reinforce /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːs/
Question 4: Đáp án C
furniture
Từ furniture trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 1 , các từ còn lại trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3
furniture /ˈfɜːnɪtʃə(r)/, overlook /ˌəʊvəˈlʊk/, influential /ˌɪnfluˈenʃl/, oceanic /ˌəʊʃiˈænɪk/
Question 5: Đáp án B
the --> a (a third:1/3), the third + N: …..thứ 3
Question 6: Đáp án B
too--> so ( so…that: quá….đến nỗi mà)
Question 7: Đáp án C
himself --> him: chủ ngữ là there nên không sử dụng tân ngữ là đại từ phản thân, chỉ sử dụng
tân ngữ là đại từ phản thân khi chủ ngữ và tân ngữ chỉ cùng một đối tượng
Question 8: Đáp án D
Loại A và C vì có giới từ for đứng trước. Are + suited (not suit)
Question 9: Đáp án B
Dispose of St: vứt bỏ cái gì = throw out/away= give st away
Question 10: Đáp án D
Trong câu gián tiếp dùng if hoặc whether cho câu hỏi dạng yes/no question
Question 11: Đáp án C
từ dẫn wondered ở thì quá khứ nên câu theo sau phải có hiện tượng lùi thì
Question 12: Đáp án A
distract sb from st: làm ai xao nhãng việc gì
perturb sb: làm cho ai lo sợ
interrupt Sb with st: làm gián đoạn ai đó bằng điều gì (trong khi người đó đang nói)
disturb Sb: làm gián đoạn ai đó bằng điều gì (trong khi người đó đang làm việc gì đó)
Question 13: Đáp án B
a matter of st: vấn đề về
Question 14: Đáp án A
câu phủ định dùng anything, không dùng câu B là nothing nữa
have ST done = Get SB to do ST
Question 15: Đáp án D
to Verb: chỉ mục đích
Question 16: Đáp án D
Much as + S + V = Although + S + V: Mặc dù
Question 17: Đáp án A
Loại B và D vì set-set-set. Set off: khởi hành
Set on/upon SB: tấn công ai đó đột ngột
Question 18: Đáp án D
Dịch nghĩa: việc coi thường đến nội quy trường thật sự không thể để bị phớt lờ được nữa
Disregard of: coi thường việc gì, in attention to; unfarmiliarity with
Question 19: Đáp án A
seal sb/st off: ngăn chặn ai/cái gì đi vào hoặc đi ra đâu đó
Question 20: Đáp án B
Dịch nghĩa: Tôi đã có một ngày tồi tệ. Chuyện gì đã xảy ra thế
Question 21: Đáp án D
Đừng quên tự chăm sóc bản thân nhé. Cảm ơn, mình sẽ làm như vậy
Question 22: Đáp án B
Be on the alert for = watch out for: trông chừng
Question 23: Đáp án C
Account for = explain: giải thích
Question 24: Đáp án D
illicit: bất hợp pháp ≠ legal: hợp pháp
Question 25: Đáp án D
insignificant
Discernible (adj) : có thể thấy rõ ≠ insignificant (adj) : không đáng kể
Clear (adj): rõ ràng, obvious (adj): rõ ràng, thin (adj): gầy
Tạm dịch: Không có cải thiện rõ nét nào về mức độ tiếng ồn kể từ khi xe tải bị cấm
Question 26: Đáp án D
The only thing that makes this job worthwhile is the money.
“Nếu không phải vì tiền, công việc này không đáng làm chút nào”
Đáp án D là sát nghĩa với câu gốc nhất: “Điều duy nhất khiến công việc này đáng để làm đó
là tiền.” Các phương án khác nghĩa không giống với câu gốc.
Phương án A: “công việc này không đáng làm chút nào”,
phương án B: “Công việc này trả lương thấp”, phương án C: “mặc dù lương bèo bọt nhưng
việc này đáng làm”.
Question 27: Đáp án B
The two sides never looked likely to reach an agreement
“Hai bên trông có vẻ không thể nào đạt được thỏa thuận”
Đáp án B là sát nghĩa với câu gốc nhất: “Hai bên có vẻ không thể đạt được thỏa thuận”. Các
phương án khác nghĩa không giống với câu gốc. Phương án A: “Hai bên không có thời gian
để đạt được thỏa thuận”, phương án C: “Nếu hai bên đã có thời gian, họ sẽ đạt được thỏa
thuận”, phương án D: “hai bên trông không giống nhau”
Question 28: Đáp án B
However hard Fred tried, he couldn’t start the car.
“Dù Fred có cố gắng khởi động xe như thế nào, anh ấy vẫn không thể làm được”
Đáp án B là sát nghĩa với câu gốc nhất: “Dù cho Fred cố gắng thế nào, anh ấy vẫn không thể
khởi động xe”. Các phương án khác nghĩa không giống với câu gốc. Phương án A: “Fred đã
cố gắng rất nhiều để khởi động xe và anh ấy là thành công”, phương án C: “Rất khó cho Fre
để khởi động xe vì anh ấy chưa bao giờ làm được”, phương án D sai cấu trúc ngữ pháp ở
“and with success” vì không song song với mệnh đề đằng trước.
Question 29: Đáp án D
In spite of its appearance, the new restaurant does not appear to attract much business.
“Nhà hàng mới trông có vẻ ổn. Mặc dù dường như chỉ có vài khách”
Đáp án D là sát nghĩa với câu gốc nhất: “Dù là có vẻ ngoài trông ổn nhưng nhà hàng mới
dường như không thu hút được nhiều khách. Các phương án khác nghĩa không giống với câu
gốc. Phương án A: “Để có thêm nhiều khách, nhà hàng mới nên cải thiện bề ngoài của nó”,
phương án B: “nhà hàng mới sẽ có thêm nhiều khách nếu nó trông tốt hơn”, phương án C:
“nếu có thêm một vài khách, nhà hàng mới trông sẽ tốt hơn”.
Question 30: Đáp án C
The painting looked so much like the authentic one that only the experts could tell it wasn’t
genuine.
“Không ai ngoại trừ các chuyên gia có thể nhận ra rằng bức tranh là đồ giả. Nó trông cực kỳ
giống với bản gốc”
Đáp án C là sát nghĩa với câu gốc nhất “Bức tranh trông rất giống với bản gốc, chỉ có các
chuyên gia có thể biết đó không phải là bản gốc”. Các phương án khác nghĩa không giống với
câu gốc. Phương án A: “Rõ ràng rằng chỉ có một người với tài nghệ xuất sắc mới có thể làm
giả bức tranh một cách hoàn hảo đến vậy, phương án B: “Các nhà nghiệp dư gần như không
thể nhận ra rằng bức tranh không phải bản thật, mặc dù các chuyên gia thì lại có thể nhận ra
một cách dễ dàng, phương án D: “Rất khó cho người bình thường có thể phân biệt giữa bức
tranh thật và bức tranh giả”.
Question 31: Đáp án A
victim
Victim (n): nạn nhân, casualty (n): tai nạn, sufferer (n): người bị thiệt hại, infector (n): tác
nhân gây nhiễm
Đáp án A phù hợp với nghĩa của câu
Tạm dịch : Nạn nhân đầu tiên đã chết cách đây 2 tuần ở Việt Nam
Question 32: Đáp án A
where
Vế sau có “in Hong Kong” chỉ địa điểm nên đại từ quan hệ được dùng là where (nơi mà)
Tạm dịch: Trường hợp đầu tiên nơi mà ai đó đã tử vong là ở Hồng Kông vào năm 1997.
Question 33: Đáp án C
serious
Đáp án C – serious (nghiệm trọng) phù hợp với nghĩa của câu: “Có rất nhiều loại bệnh cúm
khác nhau, từ những loại lây nhiễm nhẹ cho đến những loại lây nhiễm nghiêm trọng”. Các
phương án khác là strict (nghiêm khắc), severe (khốc liệt), heavy (nặng, thường dùng để nói
về khối lượng).
Question 34: Đáp án A
direct
Đáp án A phù hợp với nghĩa của câu : (direct contact: tiếp xúc trực tiếp): "Chúng có thể lây
lan virus đến các loài gia cầm trhoong qua tiếp xúc trực tiếp hoặc qua nguồn nước bị nhiễm
virus". Các phương án khác là straight (thẳng), immediate (ngay lập tức), square (thẳng thắn)
Question 35: Đáp án D
poor
Collocation: poor sanitation: vệ sinh kém
Tạm dịch: “Tổ chức Y Tế Thế Giới cho rằng việc lây lan của bệnh cúm là do tiếp xúc của con
người với các chất thải của các con chim bị bệnh và do vệ sinh kém
Question 36: Đáp án A
It has a history as long as that of civilization.
Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 1: “Since the first great urban-agricultural centers in Mesopotamia
nearly 6,000 years ago, human activity has had a destructive impact on soil quality,
leading to gradual desertification in virtually every area of the world.”
Question 37: Đáp án A
cultivate
- arable: (a) trồng trọt được = cultivate : (a) có thể trồng trột được
Question 38: Đáp án C
they do not see it as being caused by human activity
Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 2: “It is a common misconception that desertification is caused by
droughts.
Although drought does make land more vulnerable, well-managed land can survive droughts
and recover, even in arid regions. Another mistaken belief is that the process occurs only
along the edges of deserts.”
Question 39: Đáp án B
Irrigation
Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 3: “[2] Large-scale farming requires extensive irrigation, which
ultimately destroys lands by depleting its nutrients and leaching minerals into the topsoil.”
Question 40: Đáp án B
deterioration
- degradation: (n) sự thoái hóa, sự xuống cấp = deterioration: (n) sự hư hỏng, xuống cấp
Question 41: Đáp án C
Describe one progress that leads to desertification.
Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 4: “Salination is a type of land degradation that involves an increase
in the salt content of the soil.”
Question 42: Đáp án A
washing
- leach: (v) làm sói mòn = wassh: (v) cuốn, rửa trôi
Question 43: Đáp án D
The evolution of the use of iron in architecture during the 1800’s.
Đoạn văn chủ yếu thảo luận về cái gì? – Sự phát triển và việc sử dụng sắt trong kiến trúc suốt
những năm 1800.
Thông tin nằm ở câu chủ đề đầu đoạn 1: “Iron production was revolutionized in the
early eighteenth century when coke was first used instead of charcoal for refining iron
ore.”
Question 44: Đáp án D
the use of charcoal for refining ore produced poor quality iron
Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 1: “…instead of charcoal for refining iron ore. Previously the poor
quality of the iron had restricted its use in architecture…”
Theo đoạn văn, sắt đã không được sử dụng cho xà, cột và dầm trước khi đến đầu thế kỷ 18
bởi việc sử dụng than củi để luyện quặng tạo ra sắt chất lượng kém.
Question 45: Đáp án C
much stronger
Thông tin nằm ở câu đầu đoạn 2: “Iron was rapidly adopted for the construction of bridges,
because its strength was far greater than that of stone or timber,…
Question 46: Đáp án B
internal iron skeleton
Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 2: “By 1800 a complete internal iron skeleton for buildings had been
developed in industrial architecture replacing traditional timber beams, but it generally
remained concealed.”
=> it = internal iron skeleton
Question 47: Đáp án B
exceeded
- surpass: trội hơn, vượt hơn = exceed
Question 48: Đáp án A
wide span
Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 3: “The Paris Exhibition of 1889 included both the widest span and
the greatest height achieved so far with the Halle Des Machines, spanning 362 feet, and the
Eiffel Tower 1,000 feet high.”
Question 49: Đáp án B
They ridiculed them.
Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 3: “…these achievements were mocked by the artistic elite of Paris…”
(mock = ridicule)
– Tầng lớp nghệ sĩ được đề cập trong đoạn văn đã phản ứng như thế nào đối với kiến trúc xây
dựng tại triển lãm Paris. Họ đã chế giếu chúng…
Question 50: Đáp án D
general perception that iron structures were not aesthetically pleasing
Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 3: “Iron, despite its structural advantages, had little aesthetic status.”
Có thể suy ra việc sử dụng những kết cấu bằng sắt trong kiểu kiến trúc truyền thống được giải
thích tốt nhất bởi… Sự nhận thức chung rằng các kết cấu bằng sắt không làm hài lòng về mặt
thẩm mỹ.