SENSOR

TECHNO
LOGYEXPERIMENT NO. - 6

SUBMITTED BY : SUBMITTED TO:

RAHUL KUSHWAH prof. APRAJITA KUMARI

ENROLLMENT NO:

0901IO201051

AIM:
TO MEASURE AIR FLOW WITH AIR FLOW SENSOR.

APPARATUS REQUIRED :-
1. AIR FLOW SENSOR
2. LAB KIT

THEORY:
 Consisting of two RTD's (Resistance Temperature Dependent) mounted
in a plastic case. One of the devices has an integral heating element
incorporated with it and the other is unheated.
 The operation of the device uses the principle that when air flows over
the RTD's, the temperature of the heated unit will fall more than that of
the unheated unit. The temperature difference will be related to the air
flow rate which will in turn affect the resistance of the RTD’s.
 The differential temperature between the heated sensor element and
the ambient temperature sensor element is inversely proportional to the
flow rate of the fluid.
 Any change in the flow velocity results in a change in the differential
temperature, which is detected as a change in resistances of the two
RTD elements.
 Signal conditioning and processing circuitry converts the resistance
changes to a voltage signal output which is proportional to the fluid
velocity.
APPLICATION OF AIR FLOW SENSOR:
Compressed Air Flow

Typical applications include air tools, pneumatic conveying equipment, and

spray painting. Compressed air is a powerful energy source that is vital to
manufacturing operations throughout the world. Compressed air typically is
found at pressures of 80–120 psi (5.5 to 8 bar). Thermal mass flow meters have
the advantage of providing a mass flow measurement independent of the air
pressure. Compressed air flow measurement helps determine total usage plus
the time of day usage, enabling the user to identify areas of excess
consumption. Flow meters are also desirable for optimizing compressor
efficiency and can also be used for sub-metering between different
departments.
Spray Drying

We use air in many processes to spray dry products, from powdered milk in
the food industry, antibiotics in the pharmaceutical industry, and paint
pigments in the industrial sector. Airflow measurement is necessary to vary the
airflow to meet production rates and improve performance. Other types of
drying operations include fluidized bed and tunnel dryers.

Aeration Air

Aeration air is the process of mixing air and water and is frequently done by
blowing air through submerged perforated pipes. This process is performed
during wastewater treatment where the air is mixed with sewage to promote
the growth of microorganisms, which break down the biodegradable material.
In water treatment systems, we use aeration air in pre-treatment for removing
various gases (carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide), volatile organic
compounds, and precipitate dissolved minerals (iron and manganese) from the
water. Read more information on aeration airflow in the Sage application brief,
Wastewater Treatment Plants, and Aeration Airflow.

OBSERVATION:
PUMP OFF PUMP ON
Transducer-Output 1.89 V 1.78 V
Voltage
Transducer + Output 2.04 V 1.89 V
Voltage
Amplifier #1 Output 0 4 V
Voltage

PRECAUTION:
Withstand Pressure: Do not apply a pressure higher than the rated withstand
pressure. Applying a pressure higher than this may cause damage.
Operating Environment: Do not use the products in an environment where
there are explosive or inflammable gases.

Power Supply Voltage: Do not use a voltage that exceeds the power supply
voltage range. Using a voltage that exceeds the range may cause burning.

Load Short-circuiting: Do not short-circuit the load. Doing so may cause

explosion or burning.

Incorrect Wiring: Be sure that the power supply polarity and other wiring is
correct. Incorrect wiring may cause explosion or burning.