Collection

of
Data
Suppose a new product is being introduced in the
market. Whose testimony would you trust more:
commercial models promoting the new product, or a
friend who has actually tried the product and found it to
be effective?
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Primary Data
Data obtained directly from the objects
being studied.
Secondary Data
Data collected by another entity for a different purpose,
and obtained through records or publications.
 Primary Data

Statistics from PBA games collected by the staff

Secondary Data

Data from newspapers to be used in making an oral report

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Census taken from the National Census and Statistics office
Secondary Data
to be used for another study

Data obtained from laboratory experiments

Primary Data

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Monthly income of fifty families surveyed in Quezon City
Primary Data

Music preferences of Grade 7 students in SPUP obtained

through a survey
Primary Data
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Secondary
Data

Prevailing foreign exchange rates from business pages of a

newspaper, to be used in a financial stability

A private organization used the ranking of the leading universities in

the Philippines as part of their report
Secondary Data
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 PRIMARY
DATA
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This allows data to be collected under
controlled conditions.

Bacteria count,
testing the
lifetime of a
battery 10
 Number of cars
passing through a
junction, number
of passengers in a
queue for counter
service

Data is collected by observing the subjects in

their natural environment. 11
Interviews,
telephone
inquiries,
questionnaires

Data is collected from respondents either

through the use of survey forms or personal
interview. 12
 Official Statistics
published by
NSO/PSA, Social
Weather Survey,
Pulse Asia

Data from official statistics published by

government organizations 13
Experiment, Observation, Survey, Statistical publications

▪ A study to ▪ A study about the

determine the most effectiveness of fire drill
being conducted by the
popular tourist spots government office
in the Philippines
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SURVEY OBSERVATION
Experiment, Observation, Survey, Statistical publications

▪ A study to compare ▪ A study to determine

3 brands of the mortality rate of
detergents the Philippines

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EXPERIMENTS STATISTICAL
Experiment, Observation, Survey, Statistical publications

▪ A study to determine ▪ A study to determine the

the leading causes of list of leading senatorial
stress among Grade 7 candidates prior to 2019
students Election

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SURVEY STATISTICAL
 Different
Sampling
Procedures
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SIMPLE RAMDOM SAMPLING
▪ A sample is randomly selected from a population in such
a way that each element of the population has an
EQUAL CHANCE of being selected.
▪ Examples: picking up names written in a paper placed in
a bowl
▪ Picking out names from a computer-generated system.
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19
STRATIFIED SAMPLING
▪ It divides the population into groups of the same interest
or categories and then selecting randomly from each
group.
▪ Example: In a class of 45 students, the teacher grouped
the class according to gender (male & female). Then, she
randomly selected 1 male and 1 female from the 2
groups.
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21
SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
▪ A sampling technique where we can pick every nth
element in the population.
▪ Example: In a class of 45 students, the teacher picks
every 2nd person in the class.
▪ Among 50 families with 3 children, a researcher wants to
conduct an interview to the 3rd child of the family.
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CLUSTER SAMPLING
▪ A sampling technique where we randomly
select groups or clusters of elements from a
population and then get samples from some or
all of the elements within the selected cluster.
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