DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER CALCULATIONS Developed by : Mahmoud Salama Eng_Mah.salama@hotmail.

com
01- (MV/LV) Transformer Sizing :-
Primary Rated Voltage (kV.) = 13.8 >>>>> COMMON STANDARD RATINGS FOR OIL TYPE TRANSFORMERS (KVA)
Secondary Rated Voltage (kV.) = 0.400 50 63 100 160 200
Max. Demand Load (kW) = 1000 300 500 800 1000 1500
PF. After Correction = 0.85 2000 2500 3000
Max. Apparent Power (KVA) = 1176
Trans. Type = oil . COMMON STANDARD RATINGS FOR DRY TYPE TRANSFORMERS (KVA)
Permissible loading percentage (%) = 80 100 160 200 250 315
Calculated Trans. Rating (KVA) = 1470.59 400 500 630 800 1000
The Nearest standard Trans. Rating (KVA) = 1500 . 1250 1600 2000 2500 3150
Transformer Loading percentage (%) = 78 % * Consult your local area manufacturer for the available ratings.
SUCCEED RATING

02- Calculating Over current Protection device rating on the low voltage Side of the transformer :-
Transformer Design Current (Ib) = S(KVA) / (Sqrt (3) x kV) = 2165 Amp.
Nearest Nominal Current of the Protective Circuit Breaker (In) = 2500 Amp. .
SUCCEED RATING

03- Calculating the Prospective Short Circuit Current across the low voltage side of the transformer :-
Short Circuit Fault Current (Isc) = Trans. Design Current (Ib) x 100 / Usc%.
Another Method
Isc = Vno load / {Sqrt (3) x Ztr.}
Trans. Rating = 1500 KVA

Usc % = 5 % Total losses (w) = 20186.0

Isc* = 43.30 KA Rtr (mille-ohm) = 1.4
Ztr (mille-ohm) = 5.3
* Calc. Short circuit at the low voltage terminals of a transformer is considered the highest prospective value of SC at low voltage side. Xtr (mille-ohm) = 5.1
Isc (KA)= 43.3

04- Calculating natural ventilation openings sizes required for the transformer room :-
Where :-
P= 20.186 KW P = the sum of the no-load losses and the full-load losses expressed in kW.
S= 0.18P/ Sqrt(H) = 3 m2 S = the sectional area of the incoming-air orifice (m 2).
Assume :- H= 2 m S’ = the sectional area of the outgoing-air orifice (m 2).
S' = 1.1 (S) = 3 m2 H = height (centre to centre) of the outgoing air orifice above the incoming-air orifice (m 2).