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850–12 FIRE PROTECTION FOR ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANTS AND HIGH VOLTAGE DC CONVERTER STATIONS

5.1.4.3* Unless consideration of the factors in 5.1.4.2 indicates
otherwise, it is recommended that any oil-insulated trans-
former containing 500 gal (1890 L) or more of oil be sepa-
rated from adjacent structures by a 2-hour–rated firewall or by
spatial separation in accordance with Table 5.1.4.3. Where a
firewall is provided between structures and a transformer, it
should extend vertically and horizontally as indicated in Fig-
ure 5.1.4.3.
(0.31 m) above the top of the transformer casing and oil con-
servator tank and at least 2 ft (0.61 m) beyond the width of the
transformer and cooling radiators. (See Figure 5.1.4.4 for an il-
lustration of the recommended dimensions for a firewall.)
5.1.4.5* Where a firewall is provided, it should be designed to
withstand the effects of projectiles from exploding trans-
former bushings or lightning arresters.

5.1.4.4 Unless consideration of the factors in 5.1.4.2 indicates 5.1.4.6 For transformers with less than 500 gal (1890 L) of oil
otherwise, it is recommended that adjacent oil-insulated trans- and where a firewall is not provided, the edge of the postulated
formers containing 500 gal (1890 L) or more of oil be sepa- oil spill (i.e., containment basin, if provided) should be separated
rated from each other by a 2-hour–rated firewall or by spatial by a minimum of 5 ft (1.5 m) from the exposed structure to
separation in accordance with Table 5.1.4.3. Where a firewall prevent direct flame impingement on the structure.
is provided between transformers, it should extend at least 1 ft
5.1.4.7 Outdoor transformers insulated with a less flammable
liquid should be separated from each other and from adjacent
structures that are critical to power generation by firewalls or
Table 5.1.4.3 Outdoor Oil-Insulated Transformer Separation spatial separation based on consideration of the factors in
Criteria 5.1.4.2 and 5.1.4.5.
5.1.5 Indoor Transformers.
Minimum (Line-of-Sight)
Transformer Oil Capacity Separation Without Firewall 5.1.5.1 Dry-type transformers are preferred for indoor instal-
lations.
gal L ft m
5.1.5.2* Oil-insulated transformers of greater than 100 gal
<500 <1,890 See 5.1.4.2 (379 L) oil capacity installed indoors should be separated
500–5000 1,890–18,925 25 7.6 from adjacent areas by fire barriers of 3-hour fire resistance
>5000 >18,925 50 15 rating.

X
Transformer *
* X

Building Firewall Building * Conservator tank

1 ft
X Firewall (0.3048 m)
Oil containment

<X
Transformer
Example 1

Firewall Firewall

X
Transformer

Building Building X

X Oil containment

Transformer
Example 2
PLAN VIEW SECTION VIEW

X: Minimum separation distance from Table 5.1.4.3.

: See A.5.1.4.3.
*
FIGURE 5.1.4.3 Illustration of Oil-Insulated Transformer Separation Recommendations.

2010 Edition

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