Compost heater

A compost heater (or Biomeiler) is a structure for the energetic use of biomass for the heating of
buildings.[1][2][3]

The method was developed by Jean Pain in the 1970s. Compost heaters are used primarily for
demonstration purposes as small systems for heating a house. Local waste can be converted to energy.

Contents
Types
Compost heap
Hot water and biogas
Heater silo
References

Types

Compost heap

The traditional compost heater exploits the heat of a large compost

heap to warm a house. This type requires a big heap, intertwined with
a spiral water hose. The circulating water conducts heat to the
building, where it can be fed to a heating circuit.

The heap must contain at least 8,000 liters of biomass to maintain a

Using the heat of an external
temperature during the winter.
compost heap for warming up the
inside of a house
For this purpose, chipped wood is usually piled up and a water hose is
passed through it. A microbiological degradation process generates
heat for up to 24 months. The heat produces hot water, which is then
fed to a heating circuit. With sufficient oxygen supply, the biomass is degraded by aerobic decomposition.
The activity of the microorganisms can be regulated by the moisture content.

Hot water and biogas

Pain's 'Biomeiler' combines composting with biogas.

The raw materials of Pain's compost heap were saplings, branches and underbrush. He developed the
machines that grind these materials to the proper size. One of his machines, a tractor-driven model, earned
fourth prize in the 1978 Grenoble Agricultural Fair.[4] After Pain had ground the raw materials, Pain would
construct a heap three metres high and six metres across (10 × 20 feet).[5] The heap weighed approximately
50 tonnes (49 long tons; 55 short tons), and was mounted over a 4 cubic metres (140 cu ft) steel tank. This
tank was 3/4 full of compost, which had first been steeped in water for two months. The hermetically
 sealed tank was connected by tubing to 24 truck tire
inner tubes, gathered nearby to collect the methane
gas. The gas was distilled by washing and
compressing it through small stones in water. Pain
used the gas for cooking and producing electricity. He
also fueled a light van. Pain estimated that 10
kilograms (22 pounds) of brushwood would supply
the gas equivalent of one litre (0.22 imp gal;
0.26 US gal). of petrol.
The heat of a compost heap is used, and biogas is
produced at the same time. It took about 90 days to produce 500 cubic metres
(18,000 cu ft) of gas - enough to keep two ovens and
three burner stoves going for a year. The methane-
fueled combustion engine drove a generator that produced 100 watts of electricity. This charged a battery,
providing the light needed. Skepticism has been leveled at Pain's estimates for methane extraction[6] and it
is not known if anyone has been able to reproduce his results.

Pain's compost heaps generated hot water via 200 metres (656 ft) of pipe buried inside the compost mound.
The pipe was wrapped around the methane generator with an inlet for cold water and an outlet for hot
water. The heat from the decomposing mass produced 4 litres per minute (0.88 imp gal/min;
1.1 US gal/min) of hot water heated to 60 degrees Celsius (140 degrees Fahrenheit) — enough to meet
central heating, bathroom and kitchen requirements. The heap composted for nearly 18 months, after which
it was dismantled. The humus was used to mulch soils.

Heater silo

The composting process runs in an airtight container inside a house. The

heat can be radiated directly to the interiors of the house or distributed by a
heating circuit. An additional water pipe can be vertically built into the silo
for warming water.

The silo is the central part of an in-house compost heater. In autumn the silo
is filled up with fresh biomass, after which the silo delivers comfortable heat
throughout the winter.[7]

Inlet air and outlet air provide the necessary oxygen. The outlet air goes out
of the house. Silo moisture is higher than in a regular compost heap. The Using the heat of a
decay process produces additional water, which is drained at the bottom of compost heater silo for
the silo. A part of this water enters the top of the silo for better distribution in warming up the inside of a
the processing volume. If pumped periodically or continuously to the top to house
rinse through the silo, the whole system becomes a wet composting system.

References
1. Green Built Alliance - Compost Water Heater (https://www.greenbuilt.org/bks-compost-water-
heater/)
2. Prepper Fortress - Alternative Heat — Compost Heater – Permaculture (http://www.prepperf
ortress.com/alternative-heat-compost-heater-permaculture/)
3. Biomeiler (http://native-power.de/en/native-power/biomeiler)
4. Another Kind of Energy or ComPost-Modernism (http://www.permacultureactivist.net/PeterB
ane/Jean_Pain.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181119010957/http://www.per
 macultureactivist.net/PeterBane/Jean_Pain.html) 2018-11-19 at the Wayback Machine - By
Peter Bane.
5. The Jean Pain Method (in English) (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JHRvwNJRNag) on
YouTube
6. Talk page on the Appropedia project: Jean Pain System
7. The Compost Heater Silo project (http://www.appropedia.org/Compost_heater_silo)

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Compost_heater&oldid=991473987"

This page was last edited on 30 November 2020, at 06:51 (UTC).

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using
this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia
Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.