Moralist Literary Approach

This story is all about a boy named Federigo and his unconditional love
towards a girl named Monna in which the boy is willing to sacrifice everything to
earn the girl’s love and trust, so much that even when the woman that he adored
got married he was always optimistic yet didn’t interfere with their family in any
way that it might damage their relationship. In today’s reality, almost no one is
willing to take a risk of giving their all to someone that they love which is why it is
really admirable of the Federigo to have such determination to the point that he’s
willing to give all that he has. Other than that there is also a point where he was so
well mannered that even though the one he loves was tied to someone else, he still
respected her decision and didn’t interfere with anything which is the complete
opposite of what has been happening lately. Infidelity and betrayal are really
common in the present which is not acceptable in any ways possible. Love is really
a powerful force for anyone which involves sacrifices and pain yet giving all that
you got and staying loyal is more than anyone can ask for

Marxist Literary Approach

The novel revolves around the theme of social strife as well as the
revolution. Year 1789 wherein the French Revolution was in place, a war between
those Clergy, Nobility, and the Third Estate or those in middle class of artisans,
craftsmen, and intellectuals which has toppled the monarchy and the republican
government. The characters in the story depict each social status, those being the
lowest are the clergy next is the nobility while the third state being the highest.
Because of the different social status it created an image for everybody to follow,
those who are lower than them in the status should serve those higher than them
which is primarily explained with Quasimodo and Frollo wherein Frollo having a
higher status than Quasimodo makes him superior than other characters in the
novel.

Feminist Literary Approach

The most famous Greek mythology of all time “Medusa and the Greek
Goddess Athena” tackles about the decapitation of women and a loss of one’s
power which is what the God of the Sea, Poseidon did as an act of revenge to his
enemy, the Goddess of Wisdom and War, Athena. This story was recently
uncovered to feminine critiques where it shows the unequal treatment of the gods to
human beings, as well as changing the perspective of everyone which explains the
innocence of Medusa and her being a victim to the god’s affairs. Based on the story
of Ovid’s tale, she was labelled as a monster which turned everybody to hate her
existence without knowing that it was entirely the god’s fault, Poseidon’s fault for
raping her as well as Athena’s fault for judging her too quickly which covers the
unforgivable act of the God of the Sea which can be illustrated in real life
situations wherein Poseidon represents men, Medusa, the rape victim and the
Goddess of war and wisdom depicts the reaction of the people to the situation
wherein the man involved is unbothered in the crime he has committed.

Historical Literary Approach

Heneral Luna, a historical film which depicts the tragedy behind one of our most
valuable Philippine hero, General Antonio Luna. Directed by Jerrold Tarog,
focuses on the heroism of Filipinos raging war at American Army after being
colonized by the Spaniards for 333 straight years. General Luna, the highest
Philippine Army Official, wants to wage war against the country's enemy while
doing so he receives various betrayal from his fellow Filipinos which led to his
death by his own countrymen. This is where his most famous line was captured
and brought to life, "Pilipino ang papatay sa kapwa nito Pilipino", which translates
to Filipinos will be the death of fellow Filipinos. This movie was more of a
biography of General Luna rather than a fiction historical movie, it reveals the
bloody truth of the Philippine Society back when we we're fighting for our
freedom. Various evidences of the movie being the real reenactment of Luna's life
has surfaced the internet causing the downfall of Philippine's first ever President,
Emilio Aguinaldo which was believed to be the main cause for the General's death