Science 6

First Quarter
Module1.
Name:
Grade:
Section
Date:

Science Quarter 1 – Module 2: Techniques in

Separating Mixtures

What’s In

Before we get started, I would like you to answer this preliminary test to assess you prior knowledge on
the lessons that you are about to study.

1. Which of the following mixtures can be separated by picking?

A. chocolates and candies B. flour and sugar

C. sand and water D. vinegar and oil

2. How can you separate the materials in a salt solution?

A. by evaporation B. by filtration

C. by sedimentation D. by sieving

3. What material is used when separating ground coffee and boiled water?

A. winnower B. sifter

C. funnel D. filter paper

4. Danna wants to separate the small shells from the sand she had collected. Which separation method
will she use?

A. decantation B. evaporation

C. picking D. sieving

5. Which of the following materials can be separated using a bar magnet?

A. water and kerosene B. thumbtacks and buttons

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C. pebbles and seeds D. flour and sugar

6. Bai Sittie pours a sand and water mixture in a funnel with filter paper. Water comes out of the funnel
into the beaker and the sand was left behind the filter paper. What method of separating mixture is used
by Bai Sittie?

A. decantation B. evaporation

C. filtration D. sieving

7. Abdulgapor wants to separate the iron fillings from the sand? How will he do it?

A. by using a winnower B. by using a strainer

C. by using a magnet D. by using a filter

8. What component of mixtures are applicable for winnowing?

A. dry and large components B. heavy and light particles

C. liquids that do not mix with each other D. metallic and non-metallic

9. Which of the following describes decantation?

A. liquid is separated from a solid by gently pouring off the liquid.

B. substances are easily separated just by taking out the impurities with hand

C. separate solid mixtures which have components of different sizes using a sieve.

D. solids can settle to the bottom of the mixture and pouring off the particle-free part of the
liquid.

10. What happens when you separate sand and pebbles using a sieve?

A. The sand particles will fall through the openings in the sieve, while the pebbles particles stay
behind.

B. The pebbles will fall through the openings in the sieve, while the sand particles stay behind.

C. The sand particles and the pebbles will both pass through the opening in the sieve.

D. The sand particles and the pebbles will not pass through the opening in the sieve.

Lesson 1. THE RIGHT CHOICE

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Hey there kids? By this time, you already have knowledge on what mixtures are. Is this true?
Mixtures are formed by physically combining two or more substances. Since they are made up of
different components, they can also be physically separated from the mixture. Are you ready to learn the
techniques of separating mixtures? What are you waiting for? Let’s go.

Study the picture. Answer the questions below it.

QUESTIONS:

1. What is being done with the fruits?

________________________________________________________

2. Why do you think this is done? ________________________________________________________

3. What is used to separate the fruits?

________________________________________________________________

4. How will you describe the size of the materials that can be separated using this process?
__________________________________________________________________________

5. Can this process be used in separating a mixture of black pepper and sugar?

Why? ____________________________________________________________________

The picture shows a mixture of different kinds of fruits in a container. Supposed you
were asked by your mother to separate these fruits, how will you do it? Easy, right? You will
simply pick out the fruits and separate them from each other by using your hand. The method in
which substances in a mixture can be separated by just picking them out with the help of hand is
called picking. This method is useful only when the substance which needs to be separated is in
small quantity. The components of the mixture can be separated on the basis of size, color, shape
or weight. When do you use picking in school? That is when you help clean your surrounding
with litters. How about in your home? Of course! When you pick up the toys which were left
scattered in your receiving room by your younger brother or sister. Let us do our share in
cleaning by using the technique of picking.

Lesson 2. WINDY ENCOUNTER.

Look closely at the picture of a man separating a mixture applying the process called winnowing.
Answer the questions that follow.
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QUESTIONS:
1. What do you call the object used by the farmer to
separate the mixture of rice grains and chaff?
_________________________________________________________
2. What factor from the environment helps the farmer to do his work easily?
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. What occupation in your community uses this separation technique?
______________________________________________________________________________
4. How will you describe the weight of the components that were separated?
______________________________________________________________________________
5. Can we use this technique inside the house? Why?
______________________________________________________________________________

Are you familiar with the scene in the picture? Some of you probably would say yes, but
for most of the kids in your generation, you seldom see this activity now. The picture shows a
farmer separating the mixture of grain and chaff (husk of palay or other seed) by using a device
and with the help of the wind. Winnowing is a technique to separate lighter and heavier
components of mixture by wind or by blowing air. The rice grains are placed in a bilao
(winnowing fan or winnower). Then the mixture inside this woven tray is tossed into the air so
that the wind blows away the lighter chaff and letting the heavy grains fall back into the
winnowing fan. Seems easy but winnowing is a difficult task. Now you know why it is not done
inside the house!

Lesson 3. ATTRACTION

What does the picture below tell?

QUESTIONS:
1. What are the objects that you find in the picture?
___________________________________________________________________________
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2. What kind of objects are they?
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Why do the objects stick to the magnet?
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Why do the objects in the plates do not stick to the magnet?
___________________________________________________________________________
5. How will you describe the role of the magnet in separating mixtures?
___________________________________________________________________________

I am sure that you have done an activity similar to the one in the picture. It is fascinating
to see objects that stick to a magnet, correct? The illustration shows a magnet being used to
separate the staple wires from the mixture in the plate. By using magnet, you can separate the
metallic from non-metallic components of a mixture. For example, when iron fillings are mixed
with sand, you can easily separate these components from each other. How? Just stick a piece of
magnet on the mixture and you have the iron fillings on it.
Imagine that your grandmother is searching for her lost needle over a pile of your plastic
toys. How will you help her? The answer is use magnet to have it. She will really be happy and
thankful.

Lesson 4. PARTING WAYS.

Perform the following activity for the sedimentation technique.

What you will need:

2 transparent glasses 1 spoon 5 tbsp rice grains half glass of water

What you will do:

1. Measure 5 tbsp rice grains and put it in the transparent glass.

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2. Get half glass of water and pour it into the glass with rice grains.

3. Stir well the mixture using a spoon.

4. Let the rice grains settle at the bottom of the transparent glass.

5. Observe your set up.

6. Answer the questions.

QUESTIONS:

1. What materials in the mixture can be separated?

_________________________________________________________________________________

2. What do you call the component that settled at the bottom of the beaker?
__________________________________________________________________________________

3. Did you find it easy to separate the mixture? Why?

__________________________________________________________________________________

4. What do you think will happen to the liquid component if the set up will be left for a longer period of
time?
__________________________________________________________________________________

5. How will you describe sedimentation technique to separate mixtures?

__________________________________________________________________________________

6. How will you draw your set sedimentation set-up?

__________________________________________________________________________________

Did you enjoy doing the activity? You have observed that the rice grains and water separated
from each other. This is very clear in your set up. The rice grains settled at the bottom and you
can see the water suspended over the rice grains. This separation technique is known as
sedimentation. Sedimentation is the process of separating an insoluble (not capable of being
dissolved) solid from a liquid in which it is suspended by allowing it to settle to the bottom of the
container. Can you produce a clean water out of muddy soil using sedimentation? Think about it!

Lesson 5. TWO IN ONE PACKAGE

Study the decantation set- up below. Fill in the table with the needed data.
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Using your data from the table above, write the differences of the two
set -upsin the outer circles and the similarities in the inner circle.

QUESTIONS:
1. What components of the mixtures can be separated?
______________________________________________________________________________
2. In Set- up A, why does the solid component settle at the bottom of the beaker?
______________________________________________________________________________
3. In Set -up B, why does the oil float above the water?
______________________________________________________________________________
4. What process in decantation is involved in Set-up A? In Set-up B?

5. How will you describe each process of decantation involved in Set-up A and Set-up B?
______________________________________________________________________________
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The technique of separating mixtures in the above set-up is called decantation. It
involves two processes: settling and pouring. You will notice that this process can be used in
separating solid-liquid and liquid-liquid components of a mixture. In set-up A, the mixture is a
combination of solid and liquid components. In the rice granules and water mixture, the
insoluble (undissolved) palay grains which has heavier particles, will settle at the bottom of the
beaker while the water which is the lighter component will float above the solid components.
They will be finally separated by pouring the liquid layer into another container.
In set-up B, the mixture is a blend of liquid-liquid components. Oil and water are
examples of liquid which are immiscible (will never combine). Water will settle down because
the molecules in it are dense (packed tightly together) and are larger than those that make up the
oil. The less dense substance which is the oil will float over the water because its particles are
smaller than the water. Generally, the liquid which are denser will settle while those that are less
dense will float. The immiscible liquid will then be finally separated by pouring the less dense
liquid layer into another container leaving the denser component in the container.
So, when an oil and soy sauce will be accidentally mixed in a glass, think of separating
this mixture by means of decantation.

Lesson 6. TRAPPED AT THE TUNNEL

Read the situation about filtration.
In their Science class activity, a group of pupils were tasked to separate a mixture. They did the
task cooperatively. Mohalidin mixed 5 tablespoons of soil and 100 ml water in a beaker. Ben stirred the
mixture thoroughly using a stirring rod. Bai Falihah took a funnel and placed a filter paper inside it. Anne
placed the funnel in an Erlenmeyer flask. Nénéw poured the mixture prepared by Ben into the funnel.
Below is their set up.

soil and water solution

funnel
filter paper
residue

filtrate

QUESTIONS:
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1. What part of the mixture will be left in the filter paper?
______________________________________________________________________________
2. What do you call this material?
______________________________________________________________________________
3. What do you call the liquid collected in the Erlenmeyer flask?
______________________________________________________________________________
4. Why is it important to use a filter paper when separating the components of the mixture?
______________________________________________________________________________
5. How will you describe the filtration technique in separating mixtures?
______________________________________________________________________________

How does it feel to eat ginataan with the sapal (coconut pulp) in it? Disgusting, right?
This is the reason why a piece of cloth is used to separate the coconut milk from the coconut
pulp. This procedure is done through the technique called filtration. Filtration is the process of
separating solid substances from a liquid with filter paper or any cloth that can be used as a
filtering medium. The residue (undissolved solid) is trapped by the filtering medium while the
filtrate (liquid) will pass through.
So, the next time your grandfather will ask you to prepare a glass of brewed coffee,
remember to filter the mixture of ground coffee seeds and boiled water.

Lesson 7. OKEY, FINE!

Read the short passage about sieving.

The object in the picture is a sieve. It is a shallow

vessel having holes at its bottom. This is generally used to
separate coarse particles from fine particles. The size of the
holes of the sieve to be used depends on the size of the
particles of the materials to be separated from the mixture.

The process of separating mixtures which is

composed of dry materials of different sizes is called sieving. The mixture is placed into the
sieve which is continuously moved back and forth. The mixture will be separated into two
components: fine and coarse particles. The particles which are coarse will be left in the sieve
while the fine particle will pass through.

QUESTIONS:
1. How will you describe the components of the mixtures to be separated using sieving?
___________________________________________________________________________
2. How does the sieve move when you use it?
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What particles of the mixture pass through the sieve?
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Why do some particles of the mixture stay in the sieve?
___________________________________________________________________________
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5. When is the sieving technique used?
___________________________________________________________________________

Bakers would usually do the sieving technique before cooking our favorite bread. How is
this done? They first check the flour if there are lumps in it. If there are, then they will look for
their handy mate- the sieve, which is a device made of metal or plastic fine screen with tiny holes
at the bottom. This tool is used to separate dry mixtures with different sizes to pass it using the
technique called sieving.
When the mixtures with different sizes are placed in the sieve, it will be moved back and
forth gradually. The substances which have smaller and finer particles will pass through while
those which have bigger and coarser particles will stay on the sieve. Planning to eat pancit
canton? Do not forget to drain the water from a pot of noodles using a sieve.

Lesson 8 CRYSTAL EVIDENCE

Study the jumbled processes of Evaporation. Arrange the process in order by
filling in the flow chart below.

 Stir thoroughly the glass with water and salt to form a salt
solution.

 Let the set up cool for about 15 minutes.

 Get a cupful of salt and place it in a beaker.

 Heat the beaker with the salt solution. Let it boil until the water
has evaporated leaving a solid residue.
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 Half-fill a beaker with water and pour it into the beaker with
salt.

THE PROCESS OF EVAPORATION

QUESTIONS:
1. Can you still identify the salt after combining it with water? Why?
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Why is heat applied on the beaker with salt solution?
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What happens to water inside the beaker as it boils continuously?
_____________________________________________________________________
4. What was left in the beaker after boiling the salt solution?
_____________________________________________________________________
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5. How were the components of the salt solution separated?
_____________________________________________________________________
What is the evidence that you have correctly arranged the procedures in the process of
evaporation? You have come up with the salt crystals, right? What technique did you use to
separate the solid from the liquid component of the mixture? That is right. This process is known
as evaporation. It is a method which involves heating the salt solution, allowing the liquid to
evaporate while leaving the residue (solid) behind. The residue produced during the heating
process is called salt crystals.
In some coastal areas, saltwater is harvested from seawater letting the water to evaporate.
Large trays are filled with seawater, and just by leaving them under the sun, rock salt will be left
in the trays.
Whenever you use salt in cooking your favorite dish, remember that this substance was
produced through the process of evaporation.

What is It

 Mixtures can be separated using different techniques such as picking, winnowing, using
magnet, decantation, filtration, sieving and evaporation.

 Picking is the separation of large components of a mixture by picking them out through the
hands. These components can be classified according physical characteristics like size, shape,
color and texture.

 Winnowing is done by separating heavy and light components of a mixture through a device
(winnower) and by wind or by blowing.

 Using magnet is done by separating the metallic and nonmetallic components of a mixture.

 Sedimentation is the process of allowing the solid precipitate of a mixture to settle down at
the bottom, leaving an upper liquid layer.

 Decantation is done by allowing the solution to settle at the bottom of the container and
pouring off the particle-free part of the liquid.

 Filtration is used for separating the undissolved solids from liquids by using a filter.

 Sieving is done by allowing the dry mixture with different sizes to pass through a device with
tiny holes (sieve).
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 Evaporation is the separation of components by heating a solution until the liquids turn to
gases leaving the solids behind.

What’s More

ACTIVITY 1. MIXTURE MATTERS

Classify the mixture based on the applicable separation technique. Fill out the table
provided for this task
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What I have learned. Activity 3

You are doing well. Now that you learned about the techniques in separating mixtures, let
us summarize our lesson. Here’s what you need to do.
Fill in the web map with the correct separation technique and its description. Get your
answers from the box.

SEPARATION DESCRIPTION
TECHNIQUES

Sieving Separating the metallic from non-metallic components of the mixture

Evaporation separating large components according to size, color or shape

Sedimentation placing a mixture into a winnower wherein the heavy and light particles are
separated.
Picking pouring the top liquid layer and leaving the solid particles at the bottom of
the container
Filtration dissolving solid with liquid; letting the solution pass through a filter
Using magnets Allowing the solid particles to settle down
Winnowing heating the components of the mixture
Decantation separating dry mixture of course and fine particles by means of a device.

Activity 4
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Identify the different separation set up. Below it, write a short description about the
picture.

decantation evaporation sieving filtration picking

winnowing using magnets sedimentation