RANKPI Training

Radio Connection Performance Measurements (RCPM)

M1016, M1017, M1018, M1024 - M1027

1 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

Measurements on radio connection level

Agenda:
• Introduction
• M 1016 OLPC & DL Radio Link Power
• M 1017 RLC AM
• M 1018 UEQ
• Pre-aggregated RCPM measurements M1024-M1027

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Introduction

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Radio Connection Performance Measurements (RCPM)

• This feature provides basic handling of the Radio Connection

performance Measurements (RCPM).

• The RCPM includes the RCPM RLC, UEQ and OLPC measurements.
• RCPM measures quality of radio connection and throughput between UE
and RNC for both Uplink and Downlink connections.

• RCPM can be used for monitoring, reporting and optimisation purpose

• RCPM measurement area is optional. RCPM measurements M1016-
M1018 are under same option.

4 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

Radio Connection Performance Measurement

RCPM consists of three measurement types that can be separately activated

• M1017 RCPM RLC – Radio Link Control Measurements

– Performance of Downlink radio connections using AM RLC
• M1016 RCPM OLPC – Outer loop Power Control Measurements
– Performance of Uplink radio connections – DCH-specific BLER, BER and
Eb/No
– Performance of downlink Radio Link transmission power
• M1018 RCPM UEQ – UE Quality Measurements
– Performance of Downlink radio connections using UM or TM RLC – DL
BLER

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M1016 Outer Loop Power Control and Radio Link
Measurements

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 RCPM M1016

• RCPM OLPC measurement provides information on

uplink radio
• connection quality and on downlink radio link power. It
is based
• on information available for the OLPC and NBAP
entities of the RNC.
• The RL transmission power calculation can be used for
network optimisation purpose
• The measurement is carried out in the serving RNC
(SRNC).

7 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

 RCPM M1016
- Uplink radio connection quality
• DCH-specific Eb/No, BER and BLER values are derived from OLPC algorithm
• Number of received transport blocks with CRC OK/NOK
• Number of times that the connection quality is estimated to be bad, ideal or too good.

Radio connection quality

RNC UL Outer Loop PC
counters get their data
UL Outer Loop PC
from this entity.
DCH#i quality
info, based on
the best cell
MDC for
DCH #i

measurement
data for DCH#i

BTS 1 BTS 2
UL Fast UL Fast
Closed Closed
Loop PC Loop PC

8 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

 RCPM M1016
- Downlink Radio Link power
• Radio link transmission power values is obtained from the dedicated measurement report
message received from the BTS. The measurement result is associated with the service
(RAB) and transport channel (DCH) carried on the radio link
• The average, variance and outage percentage of the transmission power is calculated for
different traffic classes, bit rates and error targets.
• The Tx power of one radio link is obtained from 3GPP NBAP; Dedicated measurement
report/Nokia NBAP; Radio link measurement report messages sent by UE

Supported Connection types by

RCPM:

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RCPM M1016 Counters supported
(example results from NTN)

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AMR 12.2kbps call – DL radio link power analysis

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PS 64 kbps – DL radio link power analysis

12 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

 M1017 Acknowledged Mode Radio Link Control
Measurements

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Measurement M1017 RCPM RLC

M1017 Measurements inside RNC

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 Protocol Layer in 3GPP
• Measurement provides information about RLC performance

• Supported for Acknowledge Mode (AM) traffic

• User Plane data is measured

Control Plane User Plane

M1017
Measurements

Radio Interface protocol architecture (Service Access Points marked by circles)

20 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0 source: 3GPP TS 25301-440
Measurements M1017 in NSN RNC
DL RLC SDU transfer from PDCP to RLC
PDCP Buffer Occupancy • DL RLC transmission buffer occupancy
• DL RLC discards due to max. re-transmissions/time

• DL RLC PDU
transfer from RLC to
MAC incl. retrans.
• DL RLC PDU
transfer success

UL RLC PDU transfer from MAC to RLC

UL RLC SDU transfer from RLC to RLC

21 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

Measurements M1017 in NSN RNC

Net Throughput
Net Throughput (without re-transmissions) for INTERACTIVE or BACKGROUND class
traffic using DCH.

Rel99 DCH:
 M1017C15 RLC_AM_PDU_DL_NET_TP M1017C29 RLC_AM_DL_MEAS_TIME
RNC_611a  all R99 NRT DCHs
Period_duration seconds 

HSDPA:
 M1017C15 RLC_AM_PDU_DL_NET_TP M1017C29 RLC_AM_DL_MEAS_TIME
RNC_613a  all NRT HS- DCSHs
Period_duration seconds 

The formula is the same as above but the reporting system can make a difference between HS-DSCH and
R99 DCH NRT throughput

22 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

 0
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RLC throughput for DCH and HS-DSCH

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dwObj3
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RLC Retransmission Distribution

When the RLC AM connection is modified or released

Number of downlink RLC AM PDUs which have been successfully delivered to the UE
without retransmissions. : M1017C44 RLC_RETRANS_DISTR_CLASS_0

Number of downlink RLC AM PDUs which have been successfully delivered to the UE
with one retransmission: M1017C45 RLC_RETRANS_DISTR_CLASS_1

Number of downlink RLC AM PDUs which have been successfully delivered to the UE
with two retransmission: M1017C46 RLC_RETRANS_DISTR_CLASS_2

Number of downlink RLC AM PDUs which have been successfully delivered to the UE
with three retransmission: M1017C47 RLC_RETRANS_DISTR_CLASS_3

Number of downlink RLC AM PDUs which have been successfully delivered to the UE
with four retransmission: M1017C48 RLC_RETRANS_DISTR_CLASS_4

Number of downlink RLC AM PDUs which have been successfully delivered to the UE
with five or more retransmission: M1017C49 RLC_RETRANS_DISTR_CLASS_5

27 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

RLC retransmission distribution [%]
100%

99%

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Data
96% Sum of c49
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95% Sum of c47
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94% Sum of c45
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RealIntervalStartTime dwObj3

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UE Quality Measurements (UEQ)

32 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

UE Quality Measurements (UEQ)

Provides information about downlink radio connections quality

For RLC Unacknowledged (UM) and Transparent Mode (TM)
• CS Voice
• CS Transparent (H.324m video call “UDI”)
• CS non- Transparent Data (Streaming)
• PS RT Data (Streaming)
Measurement Quantity is downlink BLER
Measurement object is
• WCEL and
• Connection Type
The recommended maximum number of cells to be measured per RNC is
600 (OMS load stays in acceptable range)

33 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

UE Quality Measurements

3GPP TS25.331 defines “Reporting Event 5A” for DL DCH quality reporting

3GPP: Event triggered if DL Quality is below predefined threshold

• Obtained average BLER value is only the average of the reported BLER values, those who
exceeded the threshold, not the real experienced average BLER value of the measured
connection type.
• The threshold based measurement does not even directly give the ratio between
experienced BLERs under and over the threshold

Implementation in Nokia RAN is modified “Reporting Event 5A “ to cover the full picture:
• RNC commands UE to set-up downlink BLER measurement when UM/TM connection is in
CELL_DCH
• Periodical reporting from UE; low frequency (default reporting interval = 16000 ms)

34 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

UE Quality Measurements
Procedure
Measurement activation
in RNC OMS
Measurement activation in RNC OMS
RNC commands UE to set-up downlink BLER measurement
Periodical reporting from UE

Amount of Reporting = Infinity

RRC: Measurement Control
Transfer Mode = UM RLC
Measured Quantity = TrCH for BLER reporting
DL TrCH Identity RRC: Measurement Report

RRC: Measurement Report

RNC: UE QualityRepInterv
RRC: Measurement Report
Range : 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 64 sec
Default: 16 sec
35 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0
UE Quality Measurements
Value mapping as defined in TS25.133
Reported value Measured quantity value Unit

BLER_LOG _00 Transport channel BLER = 0 -

BLER_LOG _01 - < Log10(Transport channel BLER) < -4.03 -
BLER_LOG _02 -4.03  Log10(Transport channel BLER) < -3.965 -

BLER_LOG _03 -3.965  Log10(Transport channel BLER) < -3.9 -

… … …
BLER_LOG _61 -0.195  Log10(Transport channel BLER) < -0.13 -

BLER_LOG _62 -0.13  Log10(Transport channel BLER) < -0.065 -

BLER_LOG _63 -0.065  Log10(Transport channel BLER)  0 -

UE reports up to N Quality values; depending on number N of established DCHs

36 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

UE Quality Measurements
RNC calculates DL BLER counters

NueQual

 BLER i
AveBLER  i 1

NueQual

AveBLER: average BLER value for the measured object type calculated
from BLER values reported by UEs
• NueQual: Total number of received quality reports from UEs

• SquarSumBLER: Sum of squared BLER values . Calculated as:

NueQual
SquarSumBLER  
2
SumBLERi
i 1

37 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

UE Quality Measurements

Counters
M1018C0 Average BLER from Quality Measurements
The average block error rate for the downlink radio connection,
measured by using the UE Quality Measurement.

M1018C1 Received Quality reports from UEs

The number of received quality reports from UEs.

M1018C2 Sum of squared UEQ BLER values

Sum of squared BLER values.

38 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

Pre-aggregation of RCPM data in RNC (optional
feature RAN 1188)

39 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

Pre-aggregation of RCPM data in RNC
Motivation:
- the current method for collecting radio connection related counters is not capable of
collecting the counters for all RNCs simultaneously
- the reason behind this is related to the measured object level of the measurements
- the measured object contains many details that are useful in dimensioning and
optimization but are not needed in basic measuring.
Functional description
- this feature introduces two new measurements that can be used for pre-aggregating the
measurement objects to a level that ensures counter availability for all RNCs
simultaneously
- allows the operator to use the radio connection related data to a full extent also for basic
network measuring.
Two new measurements besides the current Radio Connection Performance measurements:
1. Counters per Service Type, that is, RAB/RB type, direction and bitrate on the RNC level
2. Counters per Traffic Type, that is, RAB Type on Cell level.
- new measurements can be operated for all RNCs simultaneously and the old
measurements can be operated as before but with restrictions
- the new measurements provide an alternative way of collecting the currently available
counters.

40 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

Pre-aggregation of RCPM data in RNC:
Implementation
• Measurements on RNC level
– M1025 RCPM OLPC RNC
– M1027 RCPM RLC RNC
(The following object levels are filtered out compared to the raw RCPM
measurements: WBTS/WCEL+MCC/MNC, RB DL/UL bitrate, SDU error
ratio)
• Measurements on Cell level
– M1024 RCPM OLPC WCEL
– M1026 RCPM RLC WCEL
(The following object levels are filtered out compared to the raw RCPM
measurements: traffic handling priority, RAB DL/UL max. bitrate, RB
DL/UL bitrate, SDU error ratio)

41 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

Pre-aggregation of RCPM data in RNC:
Implementation
Example of Counters (M1024, M1025):
M1024C0 AVERAGE UL EB/NO FOR WCEL
M1024C1 UL AVERAGE EB/NO DENOMINATOR FOR WCEL
M1024C2 UL SUM OF SQUARED EB/NO VALUES FOR WCEL
M1024C3 UL NUMBER OF RECEIVED EB/NO REPORTS FOR WCEL
M1024C4 UPLINK CRC OK BLOCKS FOR WCEL
M1024C5 UPLINK CRC NOK BLOCKS FOR WCEL
M1024C6 SUM OF SQUARED BLER VALUES FOR WCEL
M1024C7 UL NUMBER OF RECEIVED BLER REPORTS FOR WCEL
…

M1025C0 AVERAGE UL EB/NO FOR RNC

M1025C1 UL AVERAGE EB/NO DENOMINATOR FOR RNC
M1025C2 UL SUM OF SQUARED EB/NO VALUES FOR RNC
M1025C3 UL NUMBER OF RECEIVED EB/NO REPORTS FOR RNC
M1025C4 UPLINK CRC OK BLOCKS FOR RNC
M1025C5 UPLINK CRC NOK BLOCKS FOR RNC
M1025C6 SUM OF SQUARED BLER VALUES FOR RNC
M1025C7 UL NUMBER OF RECEIVED BLER REPORTS FOR RNC
…

42 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

Pre-aggregation of RCPM data in RNC:
Implementation
Example of Counters (M1026, M1027):
M1026C0 AVERAGE AM RLC TRANSMISSION BUFFER OCCUPANCY FOR WCEL
M1026C1 AVERAGE PDCP BUFFER OCCUPANCY FOR WCEL
M1026C2 SUM OF SQUARED AM RLC BUFFER OCCUPANCY VALUES FOR WCEL
M1026C3 SUM OF SQUARED PDCP BUFFER OCCUPANCY VALUES FOR WCEL
M1026C4 REPORTS FOR AVERAGE DL BUFFER OCCUPANCY FOR WCEL
M1026C5 DL PDU ERROR RATIO IN AM RLC FOR WCEL
M1026C6 AM RLC PDUS TRANSMITTED IN DOWNLINK FOR WCEL
M1026C7 SUM OF SQUARED DL PDU ERROR RATIO FOR WCEL
…

M1027C0 AVERAGE AM RLC TRANSMISSION BUFFER OCCUPANCY FOR RNC

M1027C1 AVERAGE PDCP BUFFER OCCUPANCY FOR RNC
M1027C2 SUM OF SQUARED AM RLC BUFFER OCCUPANCY VALUES FOR RNC
M1027C3 SUM OF SQUARED PDCP BUFFER OCCUPANCY VALUES FOR RNC
M1027C4 REPORTS FOR AVERAGE DL BUFFER OCCUPANCY FOR RNC
M1027C5 DL PDU ERROR RATIO IN AM RLC FOR RNC
M1027C6 AM RLC PDUS TRANSMITTED IN DOWNLINK FOR RNC
M1027C7 SUM OF SQUARED DL PDU ERROR RATIO FOR RNC
…

43 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

Pre-aggregation of RCPM data in RNC:
Interdependencies between features
• The feature licenses for basic (raw) RCPM and pre-aggregated RCPM
measurements needs to be activated
• The existing raw RCPM measurements for M1016 and M1017 and their
contents are not changed and can be operated as before, but with
restrictions to a maximum cell count of 600 cells. M1018 can still be used
for all cells
• If raw RCPM measurements and pre-aggregated RCPM measurements
shall be activated simultaneously, they can be measured only for "active
set filter" parameter equal to “all connections (active set size >=1)”.
• If pre-aggregated RCPM measurements on cell level are started from
NetAct, the measurements are activated always for all cells controlled by
the selected RNCs.
• Eventually existing different configurations for pre-aggregated RCPM
measurements made by RNC Element Manager are overwritten by the
NetAct configuration

44 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0

RNC_5033c Net throughput in Downlink NRT
traffic using HS-DSCH - new in RU40
This throughput excludes RLC retransmissions
Measurement 1026: RCPM RLC WCEL

KPI formula: avg (NRT HS-DSCHs ([M1026C15]))

KPI formula with short names: avg (NRT HS-DSCHs ([RLC_AM_PDU_DL_NET_TP_W]))

Formula note: NRT HS-DSCHs comprise records where TRSUB_ID is 'PS_NRT_data' and
CHTYP_ID is 'HSDPA'.
This KPI can be used to follow up HSDPA throughput performance from user perspective but
it is not intended for live network performance verification purposes.

KPI class: Usage/Throughput

Unit: kbit/s
Object summary levels Network; City; Area; RNC; WBTS; Cluster of cells; Cell
Time summary levels Week, Day, Hour

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Thank You !

46 © Nokia Siemens Networks RANKPI /NPh / 05.05.2010 RN31589EN20GLA0