KOYA UNIVERSTY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
CHEMICAL ENGINEERIMG DEPARTMENT

AUTOMATIC
WASHING MACHINE

Supervisor: Dr. yazen A. Khalil

By:sivan luqman fayzulla
 TABLE OT CONTENT

Introduction on washing machine………………………………. ... (2)

The main parts of the device……………………………………...... (3)

The block diagram and circuit diagram …………….……………… (4)

How does washing machine work? ………………………………. (5,6)

Conclusion…………………………………………………………. (7)

Reverence…………………………………………………………... (8)

1/Introduction (definition of automatic washing machine)

Before washing machines were invented people removed dirt from their clothes by
pounding them on rocks and washing them clean in the streams. Sand was used as
a malleable cleaning stone for the clothes. Soap was eventually found at a place in
Rome called Sapo Hill. People found ashes containing the fat of animals to have
great cleaning powers.

The first washing "machine" was invented in 1797. Most people called it a scrub
board because one would literally scrub the clothes clean. In 1874 William
Blackstone decided to build a birthday present for his wife. It was a machine that
removed and washed away dirt from clothes. It was made of a wooden tub in
which there was a piece of wood with six wooden pegs glued in it. The inside tub
looked like a milking stool. The stool moved back and forth with a handle and
some gears. The dirty clothes were hooked on the pegs and moved through the hot
soapy water. Mr. Blackstone started to build and sell his washers for $2.50 each.
When word got out, the competition moved in fast. Most of the early washing
machines cost less than $10.

In 1861 a wringer was added to the washer. Later metal tubs replaced the wooden
types. Drive belts were introduced in the steam or gasoline engines in the early
1900s and in an electric motor first time in 1906. Maytag's first built a washer in
1907. A turning handle operated it. In 1922 Maytag introduced a system of forcing
water through the clothes by using an agitator. This is the most common used now.
As early as 1875 there had been more than 2,000 patents issued for various
washing devices. One company built a machine designed to wash only one item at
a time. What may have been the first "laundromat" was opened in 1851
A washing machine is a machine to wash laundry, such as clothing and sheets. The
term is mostly applied only to machines that use water as opposed to dry cleaning
or ultrasonic cleaners. Washing entails immersing, dipping, rubbing, or scrubbing
in water usually accompanied by detergent, or bleach. The simplest machines may
simply agitate clothes in water while switched on; automatic machines may fill,
empty, wash, spin, and heat in a cycle. Most washing machines remove substantial
amounts of water from the laundry at the end of a wash cycle, but do not
completely dry it.

2
2/The main parts of automatic washing machine:
1) Water inlet control valve
2) Water pump
3)  Tub
4) Agitator or rotating disc
 5) Motor of the washing machine
6) Timer
7) Printed circuit board (PCB)
8) Drain pipe

3/The block diagram and circuit diagram:

The design and construction of a simple but efficient automatic washing machine
with direct current power backup is presented in this paper. The machine is capable
of washing, rinsing and dry-spinning clothes. The intelligence of the machine was
based on PIC16f628 microcontroller. This provides the sequence of instructions
that controls the machine...

4/ How does washing machine work?

Washing machines make the household tasks so much easier, especially if you
have a big family and lots of laundry to do. While using a washing machine may
seem so much more straightforward than washing those loads by hand, there is a
complex mechanism inside your washer, so find out more about how a washing
machine works and more!
Meet the parts of the washer
The washing machine concept is pretty simple – it agitates your clothes in a soapy
suds and water to remove any dirt and stains before spinning to drain the water
after the cycle. The main components of a washing machine is the drum, which
fills up with water, but did you know that washing machines actually have two
drums, not one? Your average washing machine is made up of:
 An inner drum. This is where you put the clothes when you’re ready to
wash. You’ll notice this drum rotates a bit when you touch it and there are a lot
of holes punched into the drum. These allow the water to come in and wash the
clothes.
 Paddles. These are ridges that lie on the edge of the drum and help move
your clothes around while being washed.
 Agitator. These are more common in top load machines and is a paddle in
the middle that helps turn the clothes around in the soapy water.
 The outer drum. This is not obvious when you look inside the washer, but
there is another drum that holds the water while the inner drum or agitator
rotates. This part is completely water tight to prevent your machine from leaking
all over the bathroom or kitchen!
 Thermostat and heating element. These control the temperature of the water
and heats up the water to the specified temperature.
 Pump. This removes the water from the drum after the wash.
 Programmer. This controls the washing machine through all the steps from
washing to rinsing and spin drying.
 Pipes and valves. These allow the water in and out of the washer

if there's one household appliance most of us simply could not do without, it's the
clothes washer. If you've ever been without your machine for a few days or weeks,
you'll know just how hard it is to wash clothes by hand. Although clothes washers
look pretty straightforward, they pull off a really clever trick: with the help
of detergents, they separate the dirt from your clothes and then rinse it away. But
how exactly do they work?

6
Conclusion:
A lot of electricity is consumed in households through washing
machines. It also pollutes the environment. Pedal powered washing
machine aims to address both the issues.

7
Reverence:
https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-introduction-to-the-history-of-the-washing-machine-
Zln4BgiC (Chris Stochs,, Jenna Kraig)
https://www.definitions.net/definition/Washing+Machine (7 Apr. 2021.)
https://www.brighthubengineering.com/consumer-appliances-electronics/38895-working-parts-
of-a-washing-machine/( 2009-06-16)

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Block-diagram-of-the-automatic-washing-
machine_fig2_344227457(Sep 2020)

https://www.ariel.in/en-in/washing-machine-101/your-guide-to-washing-machines/how-they-
work

https://www.explainthatstuff.com/washingmachine.html(by Chris Woodford. Last updated:

September 28, 2020.)