1.) Distinguish : Social Entrepreneurship and Social Business.

(Cite and discuss well

their basic similarities and striking differences. Mention organizations involved in
both. And personally assess and determine which among the two models is
sustainable and why? 20pts.)

The world is dealing with so many challenges, including famine, Global warming,
inadequate education, Pandemic, and crime, to mention a few. With all of these
difficulties, nothing beats an act that has a good influence on society. This might be
accomplished through volunteer labor, charities, and contributions, as well as strong
leadership. Other activities and enterprises can be conducted purely for the betterment
of society. In order to do this, social businesses and social entrepreneurship have been
established in a different parts of the society to help the worsening condition of the
world. Although they are quite similar, they differ in several ways.
To define their similarities, Both social business and social Entrepreneurship
primary goal is to reduce global vulnerabilities and social disparities by solving social
issues. Indeed, are emerging as practitioners of market forces that play an integrative
role in linking sustainable business models with societal demands, which still exist as a
result of possibilities created by government gaps and current societal issues. One of
the aims of SE/SB, according to Yunus (2010), is to eliminate poverty. As a result,
another line of thinking that is compatible with SE/SB is the Base of the Pyramid (BoP).
Much has been said about BoP and how corporations may have a social effect since
the original essay by Prahalad and Hart (2002).
To define Social Entrepreneurship, At its most basic level, social
entrepreneurship is just doing business for a good purpose. It is also known as altruistic
entrepreneurship. Social entrepreneurs mix business with social concerns in a way that
benefits those who are involved in the cause. They don't define success just in terms of
profit for social entrepreneurs, success includes making the world a better place, though
they define that. However, there are many perspectives on what defines social
entrepreneurship. Some people feel that the term only refers to enterprises that
generate money and seek to solve a specific problem by selling something to
consumers.
The acceptance and use of many concepts may be used to define social
entrepreneurship. First, social entrepreneurs use business and management ideas to
solve social problems, particularly in areas where governments or markets have failed
or where there are unmet requirements. Second, social entrepreneurs emphasize the
creation of solutions that are efficient, cheap, and cost-effective. Due to the necessity to
operate within strict resource restrictions, social entrepreneurs have been pushed to be
creative and find cost-effective solutions. Ehealthpoint, for example, works in some of
India's poorest communities, providing inhabitants with access to clean water at a low
fixed monthly cost.
 At the same time, it takes advantage of water collection stations to provide
primary care. Ehealthpoint created a low-cost solution that meets both a public health
aim (access to safe drinking water) and a healthcare delivery goal (improved access to
primary care). The third guiding principle of social entrepreneurship is the long-term
viability of solutions. Exemplary business practices and the pursuit of cost-effective
solutions are insufficient whereas social enterprises must also be self-sustaining in
order to survive over time. In the previous example, Ehealthpoint was able to assist the
primary care points with the income it earns from the water distribution network.
For organizations that practices social enterprise we have, TOMS perhaps
popularized social entrepreneurship. It began as a one-for-one model: purchase a pair
of shoes, and TOMS would donate a pair to a child in need. Today, purchasing a pair of
TOMS shoes or sunglasses gives people all around the world with shoes, sight, water,
safe birth, and bullying prevention programs. D.Light creates low-cost solar-powered
gadgets for individuals who do not have access to stable energy sources. D.Light has
sold over 10 million solar lights in its eight-year history, therefore improving the lives of
50 million people.
TerraCycle upcycles packaging and other non-recyclable consumer trash,
diverting it from landfills and repurposing it into new goods. Today, Terracycle has a
recycling network of over 31 million customers and 100 significant corporate brand
collaborations, resulting in over 3 billion units of waste diverted from landfills and turned
into new, 100 percent recycled products. Benetech creates and applies technology to
effect beneficial social change. Bookshare, the world's biggest reading resource for
persons with disabilities, is one of Benetech's flagship projects. Before Bookshare, only
5% of printed materials were accessible to people with disabilities. Today, Bookshare’s
more than 330,000 subscribers have access to more than 300,000 titles in a variety of
accessible formats.
Entrepreneurial activities aiming at bringing about good social change via the use
of methods, concepts, and operations to address cultural, environmental, or social
concerns. A decrease or eradication of societal issues may be the intended social
transformation. Although this structure does not rely on monetary returns, all revenues
created are channeled back into corporate operations. Social entrepreneurship is
widespread in healthcare, child rights, women empowerment, poverty reduction, waste
product treatment, societal unemployment, and education. Because social
entrepreneurship is not profit-driven, its operations may be challenging. As a result,
these firms might seek funding from individuals, the government, or grants.
 Now to define the Social Business, Prof. Muhammad Yunus of Bangladesh
originated the concept of social business. It was distinct because, unlike other concepts
or enterprises that served society for the sake of helping society, social business was
founded on certain ideals. These seven ideas are known as the principles of social
business. The seven principles of social business, like any other principle, describe the
goal of a social business and its mode of operation. They specify the priority areas for
any organization or individual wishing to enter the industry, as well as how the finances
will be managed.
The fundamental principle of social business specifies the reason for every social
business's existence. It asserts that the business goal of a social enterprise will be to
alleviate poverty or to address an issue such as education, nutrition, healthcare, the
environment, and enabling technological access for the oppressed, rather than to
maximize profit or shareholder wealth. The second principle addresses financial and
economic viability. This is true both for the organization and for individuals it seeks to
assist. Any social business is disallowed to take funds from outside like grants or NGO.
Those who run the business are supposed to invest.
The return on investment is governed by the third principle. Investors in a social
enterprise are not permitted to withdraw funds in excess of their initial investment. The
investment yields no dividends. Fourth, any profits gained over and above the initial
investment should be put back into the firm to help it grow and flourish. Expansion in
this context is intended to reach a larger number of people or to improve the quality of
services.Fifth, social enterprises are expected to care for the environment's well-being.
They are expected to have a significant role in the improvement of the environment,
either directly or indirectly.
Indirectly, this means that they will guarantee that their operations do not affect
the environment. sixth Those who work for the company as employees shall be paid
fairly and in accordance with industry standards. Furthermore, the employees will
benefit from improved working conditions. Finally, because social business does not
seek to maximize profits. As a result, only individuals with a strong desire to help society
and the environment will start a social enterprise. This implies that business will be
conducted in a joyful, rather than a stressful, setting. Prof. Muhammad Yunus presented
these seven principles in cooperation with Hans Reitz, co-founder of the Grameen
Creative Lab.
These ideas are straightforward and simple to apply. They are significant
because they distinguish social business from other companies conducted in the guise
of contributing to social welfare. To mention some Organizations that advocate or
manage social business across the world adhere to the seven principles of social
business. Such organizations include Ashoka, the Omidyar Network, NIKA Water
Company in the United States, and Grameen Bank in Bangladesh. A social business
seeks to address a social issue. The investors' investments are made completely to
contribute to social benefit rather than profit. However, the investor may receive his
money back after a specific period of time and cover all of the organization's operational
expenditures
Profit, as previously said, takes a second seat, although organizations engaged
in social business are not absolutely prohibited from making profits. After all, both the
organization's and the investor's sustainability is vital, and profit makes it feasible. There
is, however, a restriction on the amount of earnings that the organization may make,
and the proceeds must be reinvested back into the firm. In general, social enterprises
cannot generate returns that exceed their initial investment. Given the earlier
description, Social businesses are organizations that have both commercial (profit-
making) and social (SEE = Social, Environmental, and Ethical) goals.
A social business is run to solve a specific social problem rather than for profit.
Although these structures are designed to maximize profits based on monetary returns,
they are exclusively for the good of society. They are, however, not permitted to accept
donations from individuals, request financial assistance from the government, or receive
grants. Social entrepreneurship, on the other hand, refers to entrepreneurial activities
aimed at creating good social change via the use of methods, principles, and operations
to address cultural, environmental, or social concerns. These evaluate profits by fixing a
specific problem and can seek and receive funding from individuals, government
financial assistance, or grants. Both, however, seek to address societal concerns.
When it comes to sustainability measures, the Social Entrepreneurship is
considered as more sustainable as they are allowed to seek and receive funds from
people and the government along with social entrepreneurs look long term social return
on investment. While, Social Business are prohibited from seeking or receiving any
forms of funds from people, the government, or receiving grants. Investors can only
receive the initial capital after which all profits are channeled to the business motive.
furthermore, Social business aims at solving the societal problem and not for profit-
making. With the condition being said, social enterprise can survive financially than
social business as it could achieve positive social change while generating profits based
on monetary returns.
2.) Cite 10 insightful learnings from this subject GCSR 101 and from the class. Put your
answers in bulleted form and discusss your insights in 2 or 3 sentences per item.
(20pts)

 Ethical responsibility- in doing a business, a firm must not only focus on being
profitable but must also be ethically responsible. Do good and avoid evil.
(Roa, Integrative CSR model 2020)

 Environmental responsibility- it should be a task of each business to conserve

and protect the environment since businesses use the resources in
manufacturing their products. Each business must focus on using raw materials
that are sustainable and not harmful to the environment. Proper waste disposal
should be practiced as part of environmental responsibility.

 Philanthropic responsibility- refers to a company's goal of actively making the

world and society a better place. These activities include scholarships, charitable
activities& beautification projects in the communities.

 Ethics raises awareness about what is good and wrong, particularly in the
context of personal and organizational decision-making. Ethics is concerned with
what is good for individuals and society thus helping businesses to ensure a
consistent moral attitude within the company.

 Immoral, Amoral & Moral- Immoral are bad actions that a person is doing
examples are killing and stealing. Amoral are neutral actions (Not good or bad)
examples are walking and reading. The moral is a good action that a person is
performing like telling the truth and paying a debt.

 Utilitarianism- A Normative ethics by English philosophers and economists

Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill from the late 18 th and 19th century.
According to the philosophers if an action is good if it tends to promote happiness
or pleasure and bad if it tends to generate unhappiness or suffering not just for
the action's performer but also for everyone else who is affected by it.
Utilitarianism is also a kind of consequentialism.

 Quid Pro Quo- Quid pro quo is a Latin which means “ This for that”. It’s used to
describe a situation where one person does something for another person and
expects the other person to do something for them in return.
  Hostile Environment- This sort of sexual harassment may occur at any level of
a corporation especially those with the same rank in a firm. Furthermore,
improper behavior may create a hostile working environment for other workers.
This sort of sexual harassment may occur at any level of a corporation

 Managerial implications of assessing CSR- Being a socially responsible

company can bolster a company's image and build its brand. CSR involves
careful planning to effectively contribute to a sustainable environment, social and
economic environment, hence managers are the ones who usually involve in the
development of impactful CSR projects.

 Lying- when there is a discrepancy between what you think, what you do, or see
you are telling a lie. It is specially intended to deceive another person. Lying is
when you are making the other person believe, what you don’t personally
believe.

References
Prachi Juneja (2021) What is Social Business ?
https://www.managementstudyguide.com/what-is-social-business.htm
Tabitha Njogu (2020), Difference Between Social Business and Social
Entrepreneurship
http://www.differencebetween.net/business/difference-between-social-business-and-
social-entrepreneurship/
Barki et.al (2015), social entrepreneurship and social business: retrospective and
prospective research
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-759020150402
Muhammad Yunos, (2010), Building Social Business: The New Kind of Capitalism
That Serves Humanity's Most Pressing Needs
https://books.google.com.ph/books/about/Building_Social_Business.html?
id=h7A5DgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=kp_read_button&hl=en&redir_esc
=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
Social Enterprise Alliance. (ND) What is Social Enterprise?

https://socialenterprise.us/about/social-enterprise/
Dan Tyre (2021) Social Entrepreneurship: What It Is and Why Everyone's Talking
About It
https://blog.hubspot.com/sales/social-entrepreneurship