UNIT VOCABULARY
4 Change and technology
PHRASES, PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS
ACCESS
1 (have/gain/provide) access to
sth
2 Internet access
3 Wheelchair access
BREAK
1 Break a habit
2 Break with tradition
3 Make the break (from)
4 Take/have/need a break
5 A welcome break from
6 Lunch/tea/coffee break
CHANGE
1 Change from sth to
2 Change sth into
3 Change sth for
+ have/gain access: có được, đạt được quyền truy cập
 Joe quickly gained access to the upper reaches of both Washingtons.
+ provide access: cung cấp quyền truy cập
Truy cập internet
 High-speed  internet access  has become a necessity.
Lối đi cho xe lăn
a method by which someone can enter or leave a place in a wheelchair
 The Disability Discrimination Act requires businesses to provide ramps
for wheelchair access.
Từ bỏ thói quen xấu
to stop doing something that is a habit, especially something bad or
harmful
 Interrupting others is annoying, so try to break the habit.
Làm việc gì khác với bình thường, làm một việc mới mẻ
to do something different from what is usually done
 We decided to break with tradition and have fish for Thanksgiving dinner.
Chấm dứt (mối quan hệ, công việc,…)
 I wanted to leave but was nervous about  making the break.
Nghỉ giải lao
 Let's  take a break.
Được mong đợi
 For producers, the new discussions would be a welcome break.
Khoảng nghỉ ngắn (để ăn trưa, uống trà, café)
 She was on her  lunch break.
Chuyển, thay đổi từ cái gì sang cái gì
 The lights changed from red to green.
Chuyển, thay đổi cái gì thành; biến cái gì thành
 With a wave of her magic wand, she changed the frog into a handsome
prince.
Đổi cái gì lấy cái gì

4 Change for the better/worse
5 Change your mind
6 Change the subject
7 Make a change
8 Undergo a change
CLOCK
1 Set a clock
2 Watch the clock
3 Against the clock
4 Around/round the clock
5 Clockwise (adj, adv)
(/ˈklɑːkwaɪz/)
6 Clockwork (n) (/ˈklɒkwɜːk/)
DATE
1 Date from
Date back to
2 Keep (sth) up to date
 We changed the car for a bigger one.
Trở nên tốt hơn/tệ đi
something new or different that will make a situation better/worse
 Her attitude has definitely changed for the better since she started this
new job.
Thay đổi quyết định, suy nghĩ
to form an opinion or make a decision about something that is not the
same as the one you first had
 At first I thought she was unfriendly, but I’ve changed my mind.
Đổi chủ đề, đánh trống lảng
to start talking about something different
 I mentioned the money to her, but she changed the subject.
Thực hiện sự thay đổi
 I need to  make  some major  changes  in my life.
Trải qua 1 sự thay đổi
Điều chỉnh đồng hồ
 I set my watch by  (= make it show the same time as)  the TV.
Trông cho hết giờ
to often notice the time and wish that it was later, especially when you are
doing work that you do not like
 On Friday  afternoons  at  work, all I do is  watch  the  clock.
Làm nhanh để hoàn thành trước thời hạn
if you do something against the clock, you do it fast in order to finish
before a particular time
 It was a race against the clock to get the building work finished in time.
Suốt cả ngày đêm không ngừng nghỉ
all day and all night without stopping
 Staff have been working around the clock to resolve the problems.
Theo chiều kim đồng hồ
moving around in the same direction as the hands of a clock
 Turn the key clockwise.
parts of a machine consisting of wheels and springs
Có từ thời, tồn tại từ
to have existed since a particular time in the past or for the length of time
mentioned
 a law dating from the 17th century
 Our friendship dates back to the late 70s.
Cập nhật thông tin mới nhất
having or including the most recent information

3 Set/fix a date
4 Go on/ make a date (with sb)
5 At a later/future date
6 To date
DEMAND
1 Demand sth from sb
2 Meet/satisfy a demand
3 Make a demand
4 The demand for
5 In demand
6 On demand
ENERGY
1 Have the energy to do
2 Lack the energy to do
3 Put/throw your energy into
4 Nuclear energy
5 Source of energy
6 Energy needs
7 Energy crisis
 We are keeping up to date with the latest developments.
Ấn định thời gian
 They have not yet  set a date  for the trial.
hèn hò với ai; hẹn gặp ai
Một ngày nào đó trong tương lai
at some time in the future
 The decision will be made  at a later/future date.
Cho đến nay
until now
 To date, we have received over 200 replies.
Yêu cầu cái gì từ ai
 He had demanded money from her.
Đáp ứng nhu cầu
 The management had no intention of  meeting  union  demands.
Đặt ra yêu cầu
 As a director he  makes  huge  demands  on his actors.
Nhu cầu về
 Consumer demand for organic foods continues to increase rapidly.
Được mong muốn bởi nhiều người
wanted by a lot of people
 Good secretaries are always in demand.
Khi được yêu cầu
done or happening whenever somebody asks
 Feed the baby on demand.
Có năng lượng để
 I don't seem to have any energy these days.
Thiếu năng lượng để
Bỏ/tốn công sức vào
 She put all her energies into her work.
Năng lượng hạt nhân
a powerful form of energy produced by changing matter into energy by
splitting the nuclei (= central parts) of atoms. It is used to produce
electricity.
 The expansion of nuclear power is a politically charged issue.
Nguồn năng lượng
 Coal is more expensive than other sources of energy.
Nhu cầu về năng lượng
 As the world discovers new ways to meet its growing energy needs, solar
power and wind power are being considered as a means of generating
power.
Khủng hoảng năng lượng
 Europe could soon face an energy crisis.
FORM
1 Form an impression of Hình thành, phát triển
2 Take/assume the form of Dưới hình thức của

 The training programme  takes the form of  a series of workshops.

3 Fill in/out a form Điền vào đơn

 I filled in/out a form on their website.
4 In the form of Theo hình thức
 Help in the form of money will be very welcome.
5 In good/bad form Hành động, cách làm sau trái, bất lịch sự
the way of doing things that is socially acceptable/not socially acceptable

 When I was a boy it was always considered bad form to talk about food or
money.

6 Application form Đơn đăng kí

GOOD
1 Good (for sb) to do Tốt cho ai để làm gì

 It's probably good for you to get some criticism now and then.

2 A good deal Nhiều

much or a lot
 They made a good  deal  of  noise
3 A good many Nhiều
a lot of somebody/something

 There were a good many people there.

A good few Một vài

several

 There are still a good few empty seats.

4 Good of sb to do Tốt bung

 It was very good of you to come.

5 For sb’s own good vì lợi ích của ai

 I'm only telling you this  for your own good.
6 No good + Không hữu ích
to not be useful; to have no useful effect

 This gadget isn't much good.

+ Không thú vị

to not be interesting or fun

  His latest film isn't much good.
7 It’s no good doing Vô ích để làm gì
 It's no good complaining—they never listen.

KNOW
1 Know (sth) about
2 Know sb/sth to be/do
3 know better (than to do sth)
4 Get/come to know
5 Let sb know
Hiểu biết về
 You know about Amanda's baby, don't you?
Biết ai/cái gì làm gì
 We know her to be honest.
Khôn ngoan để biết mình không nên làm gì
to be wise or moral enough not to do something
 Sure, she's only six, but she's old enough to know better than to run off
without us.
Dành thời gian tìm hiểu
 She's very nice when you  get to know  her.
Nói ai biết về điêu gì
to tell somebody about something

 Let me know how I can help.

6 In the know Hiểu biết (thông tin ít người biết)

having information possessed only by a small group of people
 People in the know tell me that she is the most likely person to get the job.
7 Know-how (n) Kiến thức, kinh nghiệm làm việc
knowledge of how to do something and experience in doing it

 We need skilled workers and technical know-how.

LEAD
1 Lead sb into Chỉ dẫn, dẫn
 He led us out into the grounds.
2 Lead the way + Dãn đường

 The receptionist  led the way  to the boardroom.

+ dẫn đầu

 We  lead the way  in space technology.

3 Lead the field/pack/world Dẫn đầu/ là tốt nhât

to be better than all other people or things
 Their scientists lead the world in nutrition research.
4 Lead sb to do Dẫn dắt ai làm gì
 Circumstances  eventually led  her to train as a doctor.
5 Lead to Dẫn đến
 Reducing speed limits should lead to fewer deaths on the roads.
6 Lead down Dẫn xuống
7 Lead through Đến một nơi nào đó
8 Take/hold the lead Nhận trách nhiệm làm việc gì (là người dẫn dắt, đội trưởng)
 Mayor Curry wants to kick JEA’s future over to City Council for it to take
the lead. That should be legal, experts say, but a mayor taking a backseat
 (lép vế, chấp nhận ở địa vị thấp hơn) to such a large proposal is historically
abnormal (bất thường).
9 Follow sb’s lead Theo sự chỉ dẫn của
do as someone else does, to use someone as an example.
 Just follow my lead and you will not get lost.
1 In the lead Vi trí dẫn đầu
0

LINK
1 Link to Liên kết, kết nối với
 Many of them had no previous links to terrorism.
2 Link sth/sb to/with Liên kết, kết nối ai/cái gì với
 These photographs are a  direct link  with the past.
3 Click on/ follow a link Truy cập vào liên kết
 Follow the links  to watch our exclusive trailer.
4 (find/ prove/ establish) a link Sự liên kết, kết nối (giữa người với người, giữa các quốc gia, tổ chức)
between    to  establish  trade  links  with Asia

PLACE
1 Change/swap places (with Đổi vị trí với người khác
sb) (usually used in negative sentences) to be in somebody else’s situation

 I'm perfectly happy—I wouldn't change places with anyone.

2 Take the place of sb/sth | Thay thế ai/cái gì

take sb’s/sth’s place to replace somebody/something

 She couldn't attend the meeting so her assistant took her place.

3 Put sth in(to) place Đặt ai/cái gì vào đúng vị trí

We need to put safeguards in place to prevent this type of accident
occurring again.
4 In place of sb/sth Thay vì
 |  in sb’s/sth’s place instead of somebody/something

 You can use milk in place of cream in this recipe.

5 Out of place 1. Không đúng chỗ, vị trí

not in the correct place
 Some of these files seem to be out of place.
2. không phù hợp, không thích hợp với hoàn cảnh cụ thể
not suitable for a particular situation

 Her remarks were out of place.

6 Place of work Nơi làm việc

 He  lives  in a  hostel  attached  to his  place  of  work.
7 No place for Nơi không thích hợp với …
to be a completely unsuitable place for someone
 This is no place for a child.

PROCESS
1 The process of
2 In the process of doing
3 Peace process
4 By a process of elimination
PURPOSE
1 Serve a purpose
2 The purpose of doing
3 Sb’s purpose in doing
4 A sense of purpose
5 On purpose
REALITY
1 Escape from reality
2 Face (up to) reality
3 Become a reality
4 In reality
5 Virtual reality
Quá trình
 They  began the  difficult  process  of reforming the education system.
Trong quá trình
 We're in the process of selling our house.
Đàm phán kết thúc chiến tranh, xung đột
a series of talks and agreements designed to end war or violence between
two groups
Bằng phương pháp loại trừ
Có ích, thực hiện một chức năng
to be useful in some way
 The player’s versatility means that he can serve a purpose in many
positions on the pitch.
Mục đích của việc gì
 I have included this data for the purpose of comparison.
Mục đích làm việc gì của ai
 The purpose of the research is to try to find out more about the causes of
the disease.
Có được, nhận thức được mục đích ; cảm giác có mục tiêu
 Volunteer work gives her life a  sense of purpose.
Cố tình
not by accident; deliberately
 He did it on purpose, knowing it would annoy her.
Thoát khỏi hiện thực
 He needs to  accept the reality  that his time in this job is over.
Đối diện với thực tế, sự thật
 She refuses to  face reality.
Trở thành sự thật
 Will time travel ever  become a reality?
Thực tế là
used to say that a situation is different from what has just been said or from
what people believe
 Outwardly she seemed confident but in reality she felt extremely nervous.
Thực tế ảo
images and sounds created by a computer that seem almost real to the user,
who can interact with them by using sensors
 the use of virtual reality in computer games
6 Reality TV Chương trình thực tế
television shows that are based on real people (not actors) in real situations,
presented as entertainment

TOOL
1 A tool for (doing) Công cụ để làm gì

2 A tool of
3 Toolbar (n) Thanh công cụ
a row of symbols (= icons) on a computer screen, smartphone, etc. that
show the different things that you can do with a particular program
4 Toolkit (n) 1. bộ công cụ (trong hộp/túi)
a set of tools in a box or bag
2. công cụ phần mềm
a set of software tools
3. những gì cần để đạt được cái gì
the things that you need in order to achieve something
5 Tool box Hộp đựng dụng cu

USE
1 Use sth for (doing)
2 Use sth to do
3 Use sth as
4 Use sth properly
5 Have many uses
6 In use
7 Of (no) use
8 It’s/there’s no use doing
9 What’s the use of doing
Dùng để làm gì
 Chemicals that are used for cleaning
Dùng để làm gì
 Police used tear gas to disperse the crowds.
Sử dụng như thể …
 The building is currently being used as a warehouse.
Sử dụng 1 cách hợp lí
Có nhiều công dụng
 This chemical has many uses.
Đang được sử dụng
 The chapel was built in the 12th century and is still in use today.
Có ích/ vô ích
Vô ích để làm gì
 There is no use (in) arguing any more.
Làm việc gì đó để làm gì/cho mục đích gì?

WEB
1 Surf the Web Lướt web
 She spends too much time on surfing the web.
2 On the Web Trên mạng
 I found the information on the Web.
3 Website (Tập hợp các trang web)
a set of pages on the internet, where a company or an organization, or an
individual person, puts information

 For current prices please  visit our website.

4 Web page (Trang con trong website)

a document that is connected to the World Wide Web and that anyone with
an internet connection can see, usually forming part of a website
  We learned how to create and register a new web page.

5 Webcam là loại thiết bị ghi hình kỹ thuật số được kết nối với máy vi tính để truyền
trực tiếp hình ảnh nó ghi được lên một website nào đó, hay đến một máy
tính khác nào đó thông qua mạng Internet.
a video camera that is connected to a computer so that what it records can
be seen on a website or on another computer as it happens
6 World Wide Web (www) a system for finding information on the internet, in which documents are
connected to other documents using hypertext links

 to browse a site on the World Wide Web

7 Webmaster Người quản trị trang web

a person who is responsible for particular pages of information on the
World Wide Web
8 Weblog (blog) a website where an individual person, or people representing an
organization, write regularly about recent events or topics that interest
them, usually with photos and links to other websites that they find
interesting

WHEEL
1 Take the wheel Kiểm soát, quản lí
 I guess the millions of dollars I pumped into that town was not
enough. I will let the NAN network and others go ahead and take
the wheel now.
2 At/behind the wheel Lái xe cơ giới
driving a motor vehicle
 I'm a different person when I'm behind the wheel.
3 On wheels Trên bánh xe
4 Wheel of fortune Vòng quay may mắn