HOLY NAME UNIVERSITY

Tagbilaran City
Introduction to Computing

Name: DELANTES, Karylle Date: Aug. 20, 2020

Subject: CCS 101 Score:

1st Generation Computers : Vacuum Tubes (1940-1956)

The first generation computers were developed between 1946–1959. They were huge and
restricted to standard calculations. They comprised of huge devices like the vacuum tubes. The
information method of these computers was the machine text called the 1GL or the first
generation language. These tangible methods of using punch cards, paper recording, and
magnetic tape were utilized to register information into these computers.

Examples of the first generation computers include ENIAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC, IBM-701,

and IBM-650. These computers were large and very unreliable. They would heat up and
frequently shut down and could only be used for very basic computations.

2nd Generation Computers : Transistors (1956-1963)

The transistor computer, now frequently called a second generation computer, is a machine
which uses separate transistors instead of vacuum tubes. The semiconductor was far better than
the vacuum tube, permitting PCs to decrease, quicker, less expensive, and more vitality effective
and more reliable than their original predecessors. Despite the fact that the transistor still
produced a lot of heat that exposed the PC to harm, it was a tremendous improvement over the
vacuum tube. Second-age PCs despite everything depended on punched cards for input and
printouts for output.

Examples of the second generation computers include IBM 1620, IBM 7094, CDC 1604, CDC
3600, UNIVAC 1108. As a result, they worked on AC and therefore were faster than their
predecessors.
3rd Generation Computers : Integrated Circuits (1964-1971)
The development of the integrated circuit was the sign of the third era of PCs. Transistors were
scaled down and put on silicon chips, called semiconductors, which radically sped up and
proficiency of PCs. Instead than punched cards and printouts, clients connected with third era
PCs through consoles and screens and interfaced with a working framework, which permitted the
gadget to run a wide range of utilization one after another with a focal program that monitored
the memory. Computers got open to a mass crowd since they were smaller and less expensive
than their customers.
Examples of the third generation computers include IBM-360 series, Honeywell-6000 series,
PDP (Personal Data Processor), and IBM-370/168.

4th Generation Computers : Microprocessors (1971-Present)

The microprocessor brought the fourth era of PCs, as a large number of integrated circuits were
fabricated onto a solitary silicon chip. What in the original occupied a whole room could now fit
in the palm of the hand. The Intel 4004 chip, created in 1971, found all the parts of the PC—from
the focal preparing unit and memory to include/yield controls—on a solitary chip. As these little
PCs turned out to be all the more impressive, they could be connected together to form networks,
which in the long run prompted the improvement of the Internet. Fourth era PCs likewise
observed the improvement of GUIs, the mouse and handheld gadgets.

IBM 4341, DEC 10, STAR 1000, PUP 11 are the examples of fourth generation computers

5th Generation Computers : Artificial Intelligence (Present and

Beyond)
Fifth era gadgets and devices are still being developed, however there are a few applications, for
example, voice acknowledgment, that are being utilized today. The utilization of parallel
processing and superconductors is assisting with making computerized or artificial a reality.

Quantum calculation and nanotechnology will profoundly change the substance of PCs in years
to come. The objective of fifth-age processing is to create gadgets that responds to normal
language input and are equipped for learning and self-association.

Various types of computers exist in this generation, which are desktop, laptop, notebook, ultra
book, chrome book, tablets and many more.