COURSE GUIDE GRAMMAR TIME OF WORK

English IV 2 Simple Past Vs Present Perfect

Adverbs and prepositions for Present perfect (yet, 8 hours
just, already, ever, never, since and for).

PROFESSOR:

STUDENT :

Due date: ____sept 1st 2021__

Objectives

● Use the adverbs and prepositions (yet, just, already, ever, never, since and for)
correctly within the present perfect tense.
● Recognize the structures of the simple past and the present perfect tenses.
● Talk about daily experiences using simple past and present perfect.
● Develop the different activities proposed along this guide.

1. Presentation

Dear student, after developing this guide you will be able to recognize the differences
between the simple past and the present perfect tense. The main idea is that you use
those two tenses to talk about experiences in the past and along your life. Additionally, you
will learn the correct use of different adverbs in Present Perfect.

1.1 Initial reflection

Look at the following examples:

1. I saw the movie yesterday.

2. I have seen the movie three times.

Answer the questions based on the previous sentences:

1. What is the meaning of “saw” in Spanish? _________________

2. What is the meaning of “have seen” in Spanish? ______________
3. What is the grammatical tense in sentence number one?
_____________________
4. What is the grammatical tense in sentence number two? _____________________
5. What sentence refers to a definite time? _________________________
6. What sentence refers to an indefinite time? ________________________
3. Appropriation. Check the PDF file and watch the video 1 about the Simple Past and
Present Perfect tense to comprehend the tenses differences.

1. PAST SIMPLE TENSE

USES

● Something that happened once in the past:

I met my wife in 1983.
We went to Spain for our holidays.
They got home very late last night.

● Something that happened several times in the past:

When I was a boy, I walked a mile to school every day.
We swam a lot while we were on holiday.
They always enjoyed visiting their friends.

● Something that was true for some time in the past:

I lived abroad for ten years.
He enjoyed being a student.
She played a lot of tennis when she was younger.
 ● We often use expressions with ago with the past simple:
I met my wife a long time ago.

We use did to make questions with the past simple:

Did she play tennis when she was younger?
Did you live abroad?
When did you meet your wife?
Where did you go for your holidays?

But questions with who often don't use did:

Who discovered penicillin?
Who wrote Don Quixote?

We use didn't (did not) to make negatives with the past simple:

They didn't go to Spain this year.
We didn't get home until very late last night.
I didn't see you yesterday. 

PRACTICE
1. . Fill in the correct simple past forms.

The students of class 8B _______ (do) a project last week. First the
pupils ________ (choose) what they wanted to do. Then they __________ (get)
information from books and brochures, and they ____ (talk) to a lot of people.
They _____ (find) some interesting photos in the library. Their teacher ________
(help) them when they __________ (ask) her. Then they ______ (make) a poster
and a video and ________ (tell) the other groups about their project.

2. Complete the sentences with the past simple form of the verbs in the
box.

move leave work meet study start get(x2)

● When I was 15, my family _______ from Cartagena to Antioquia.

● He ____ a job in a supermarket when he was 18.
● I ______ math and economics at university.
● She ______ school at 15 with no qualifications.
● He ______ Sonia last year and they _______ married three months ago.
● I ________ my business in 2010 selling children’s clothes.
● I _______ for a company five years ago.

THE STRANGE SOLDIER

It was a beautiful sunny morning in Mexico City. The date was October 10th, the year was 1593.

In the main square of the city, soldiers stood in front of the Royal Palace. The people of the city came and
went as usual. But there was something strange about one of the soldiers: he wore a different uniform from
the others. When the other soldiers saw him, they began asking him questions. “Who are you? Where are
 3. Read the story and put the events in the correct order.

a. The Mexican soldiers saw the strange soldier. ____

b. The governor of Manila died. ____
c. They put the strange soldier in prison. ____
d. A ship from Manila arrived in Mexico City. ____
e. The strange soldier travelled from Manila to Mexico.  ____

2.PRESENT PERFECT
(Review)
 The present perfect is formed from the present tense of the verb have and the past
participle of a verb.
USES

● For something that started in the past and continues in the present:

They've been married for nearly fifty years.
She has lived in Liverpool all her life.

● When we are talking about our experience up to the present:

I've seen that film before.
I've played the guitar ever since I was a teenager.
He has written three books and he is working on another one.

We often use the adverb ever to talk about experience up to the present:

My last birthday was the worst day I have ever had.
and we use  never for the negative form:
Have you ever met George?
Yes, but I've never met his wife

● for something that happened in the past but is important in the present:

I can't get in the house. I've lost my keys.
Teresa isn't at home. I think she has gone shopping

We use have/has been when someone has gone to a place and returned:

A: Where have you been?
B: I've just been out to the supermarket.
A: Have you ever been to San Francisco?
B: No, but I've been to Los Angeles.
But when someone has not returned, we use have/has gone:
A: Where's Maria? I haven't seen her for weeks.
B: She's gone to Paris for a week. She'll be back tomorrow. 
 3. PRESENT PERFECT WITH TIME ADVERBIALS

The present perfect tense is commonly used with the indefinite time adverbs never, ever,
just, yet, already.

ADVERB MEANING POSITION EXAMPLE

ALREADY YA (affirmative S+have/has + already + v p.p I have already done my homework.

form) +c I have done my homework already.
S+have/has+ + v p.p + c+
already.
YET AÚN/YA (in Have/has+ S + v p.p + c+ yet? Has she drunk her coffee yet?
questions and S+have/has+ not + v p.p + c+ No, she hasn’t yet.
negative forms) yet.
JUST ACABAR DE S+have/has + just + v p.p +c My dad has just fixed the car.
(affirmative form)

NEVER NUNCA S+have/has + never+ v p.p +c He has never traveled abroad.

(affirmative form)
EVER ALGUNA VEZ (in Have/has+ S + ever +v p.p + Have you ever eaten sushi?
questions) c+?

FOR AND SINCE

More examples:

She has lived here for twenty years.

We have taught at this school for a long time.
Alice has been married for three months.
They have been participa at the hotel for a week.

She has lived here since 1980.

We have taught at this school since 1965.
Alice has been married since March 2nd.
They have been at the hotel since last Tuesday.

4. Practice

1. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets. (PAST
SIMPLE OR PRESENT PERFECT TENSE )
a. How long _____ you _____ (work) here?
b. The children ______ (grow) a lot since the last time I _____ (see) them.
c. We _______ never ______ (see) snow.
d. What did you have for breakfast this morning? I ______ (have) a coffee and a
croissant.
e. How long have you ______ (sing) professionally?
f. _______ you ever ______ (eat) snails?
g. Last year she ______ (work) a lot.
 2. Choose the correct option for each sentence. (PAST SIMPLE OR PRESENT
PERFECT TENSE)
3.
4. I _______ to bed very late last night.
A. went B. have gone
5. I ______ tennis yesterday.
A. played B. have played
6. My grandfather is an author. He _____ many books.
A. wrote B. has written
7. My grandfather, who died last year, was an author. He ________ many books.
A. wrote B. has written
5. I _____ to New York last Christmas.
A. flew B. have flown
6. My grandparents live in the USA so I _____ to New York many times.
A. flew B. have flown
7. I _____ tennis three times already this week and it's still only Wednesday.
A. played B. have played
8. Student to the teacher: " ......! What shall I do now?"
A. I finished B. I’ve finished

4. Past or Present Perfect Simple - Fill in the correct form of the verb! (PAST
SIMPLE OR PRESENT PERFECT TENSE)

A. My sister _______ away from home but she came back a few days later (run)
B. ______________ to America? (Churchill ever go).
C. Prices _________. Everything is more expensive this year (go)
D. The Prime Minister _______ the new university earlier today (visit)
E. I ________ Andrew for weeks (not see)
F. ___________ this week’s magazine yet (you see)?
G. They _______ there for 10 years, but then they moved somewhere else (live).
H. The postman ______ the parcel at 8 in the morning yesterday (bring).

5. Complete each sentence with the correct word.

a. Already b. Yet c. Just

1. The cat has _______ caught a bird.

2. Don't forget to bring your book! Oh, I have _______ brought it.
3. Have you done your homework? No, I haven't done it ____.
4. Has your father seen your report? No, he hasn't seen it _____.
5. The boys are going to pack, aren't they? No. They have ______ packed.
6. The guests have ______ arrived.
7. Have the visitors arrived ____? No, they haven't arrived ____.
8. I have _______ finished my homework.
9. Is Adam going to buy a new car? No, he isn't. He has ______ bought it.

6. Answer the next questions.

 1. Have you ever broken a bone? __________________________________
2. Have you ever called your boyfriend or girlfriend by the wrong name? _________
3. Have you ever cheated on an exam? ______________________
4. Have you ever cried in public and embarrassed yourself? _________________
5. Have you ever eaten in a restaurant and realized you have no money with you? _____
6. Have you ever fallen in love at first sight? _____________
7. Have you ever forgotten your mother's birthday? ____________
8. Have you ever had a Deja Vu experience? ___________

7. Fill in for or since into the gaps.

1. We've had terrible weather ______ Saturday.
2. I've known Tom _____ 1990.
3. We have been waiting for the bus _____ half an hour.
4. She hasn't lost a match _______ April.
5. Things have changed ______ he became the headmaster.
6. The police have been looking for him ______ a month.
7. Our dog has been ill _____ two days.
8. I've been looking for this book ______ a long time.
8. I've been working ________I got up.
9. The kettle has been boiling ____ten minutes.
10. They have lived in France ______ eight years.

8. Read the text and choose True or False for the statements.
 a. It’s the first time that Kate has stayed up all night ______
b. Kate finished her essay last night ______
c. Spanish Civil War has attracted Kate’s attention _____
d. Sarah completed her essay _____
e. Sarah has seen National Library before ______

Production exercise
1. Write a text of at least 15 lines talking about something that you consider that has
changed the humankind.
- Use the past simple tense and the present perfect tense.
-Use and underlight the adverbs – “yet, already ,ever, never, since, for, just,
always”
2. With the text , now you will record and audio or video in order to evaluate the
pronunciation .
Example :

I’ve always considered that the agricultural technologies started to deteriorate the
quality of the food that we have consumed for years.
The big industries have considered that the performance and money were more
important than nutrition, and they haven’t understood the danger of the bad
agricultural practices yet

REFERENCES

https://www.curso-ingles.com/aprender/cursos/nivel-avanzado/verb-tenses-present-
perfect/already-just-still-yet
https://cute766.info/present-perfect-for-and-since-learning-global-english/
https://www.ef.com.es/recursos-aprender-ingles/gramatica-inglesa/present-perfect-con-for-
since/
https://www.curso-ingles.com/practicar/ejercicios/present-perfect-vs-past-simple-2
http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/multi/3.htm
https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/tenses/t070-past-present-perfect.htm
https://www.grammarbank.com/ever-never-just-already-yet.html
http://iteslj.org/questions/haveyou.html
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/for-since2.htm
file:///C:/Users/monic/Downloads/EFL_Reading_Past%20Simple-Present
%20Perfect_0.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q1LKzp2ozVM&ab_channel=oomongzuoomongzu