Vitamins , Health

and Diseases
 Q. Which of the following diseases is caused by the
rubella virus?
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B. German measles
C. Hepatitis
D. Rabies
Ans. B
German measles is a viral disease caused by the rubella
virus.

• This disease is usually spread through the air via coughs

of infected people.

• The disease is preventable with the rubella vaccine with

a single dose being more than 95% effective. Often it is
given in combination with the measles vaccine and mumps
vaccine, known as the MMR vaccine
 Q. In Diabetes Mellitus, the human body is unable to
produce which hormone?
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B. Insulin
C. Prolactin
D. Cortisol
Ans. B
● Insulin is a hormone that is not produced in the human
body in Diabetes Mellitus.
● Normal blood sugar levels are less than 100 mg/dL after
not eating for at least eight hours and less than 140 mg/dL
two hours after eating.
● Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that allows
the body to use sugar from carbohydrates and store it in
the form of glucose.
 Q. Which of the following vitamins is excreted in urine
when present in excess amount?
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B. Vitamin E
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin K
Ans. A
● Vitamin B is excreted in the urine when present in
excess amount in the body.
● Vitamin B and Vitamin C are water-soluble vitamins that
are easily dissolved and can be excreted in the urine and
they are replaced in the body everyday.
● Vitamin B 12 is the exception because it is stored in the
liver.
 Q. Which vaccination is given to newborn babies to
protect from tuberculosis?
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B. DPT vaccine
C. MMR vaccine
D. Varicella vaccine
Ans. A
BCG (Bacillus Calmette–Guerin) vaccination is usually
given to newborn babies in the form of attenuated
bacteria to treat tuberculosis. This vaccine is primarily
used against tuberculosis. In countries
where tuberculosis or leprosy is common, one dose is
recommended in healthy babies as close to the time of
birth as possible.
 Q. Vitamin H is also called as ___________.

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C. Thiamine
D. None of them
Ans. A
● Vitamin H is also called Biotin.
● Biotin is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin that helps
the body metabolize proteins and process glucose.
● Some common disorders due to this deficiency are
Brittle and thin fingernails, Hair loss, Conjunctivitis.
 Q. Which of the following vitamins is also called beauty
vitamin?
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B. Vitamin E
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin B
Ans. B
Vitamin E is responsible for the growth of hair, colour,
tone, etc. Hence, it is called beauty vitamin. The sources of
vitamin E are wheat germ oil, sunflower seeds, almonds,
spinach, avocados, squash, kiwifruit, trout, shrimp, olive
oil and broccoli.
 Q. Deficiency of which of the following vitamins causes
Night Blindness?
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B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin C
Ans. A
• Night blindness is caused by vitamin A deficiency.
• Vitamin A, also called retinol, plays a role in transforming
nerve impulses into images in the retina.
 Q. What is Alopecia?

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C. Loss of Teeth
D. Damage to Adrenal glands
Ans. B
● Alopecia is Loss of hair and it is also called Spot
Baldness.
● Some common causes are thyroid disease, anaemia,
protein deficiency, chemotherapy, and low vitamin levels.
● There are three types of alopecia:
1) Alopecia areata
2) Alopecia areata totalis
3) Alopecia areata universalis
 Q. Which Radioactive Isotopes is used to detect blood
clot?
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B. Arsenic 74
C. Cobalt 60
D. Sodium 24
Ans. D
Sodium-24 is used to detect blood clots in the circulatory
system..

● Advantage of sodium-24 in medical tracing is its short

half-life(half-life is only 15 hours), there is minimal
radiation damage to the body as a result.
 Q. Which among the following disease is known as royal
disease?
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B. Xerophthalmia
C. Scleroderma
D. Asthenia
Ans. A
 Haemophilia is known as Royal disease because it is an
inherited disease of Royal family and Queen Victoria was a
carrier of this disease.
● Haemophilia is a bleeding disorder where bleeding is
abnormal and profuse with poor clotting.
 Q. Pernicious Anemia is caused by the deficiency of
vitamin _____.
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B. B6
C. B12
D. B1
Ans. C
• Pernicious anemia is a condition caused by the
deficiency of vitamin B12 in the body.
• It is a form of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
• Vitamin B12 helps the body to make healthy red blood
cells and to keep nerve cells healthy.
 Q. Which vitamins is necessary for blood clotting?

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C. Vitamin – K
D. Vitamin - C
Ans. C
Vitamin K is similar to fat-soluble vitamins the human
body needs for complete synthesis of certain proteins that
are required for blood coagulation and also certain
proteins that the body uses to control binding of calcium
in bone and other tissues.
 Q. Folic acid is also called as ________.

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C. Vitamin B9
D. Vitamin B12
Ans. C
● Vitamin B9 is also called Folic acid.
● It plays an essential part in producing genetic material
and amino acids that are essential for cell growth.
● Some other important functions are essential to the
development of an unborn baby’s brain, important for
pregnancy, and for children and teenagers.
 Q. ‘Emphysema’ is associated with which among the
following organs of human body?
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B. Heart
C. Lungs
D. Lever
Ans. C
 Emphysema causes shortness of breath and thus this
diseases is associated with lungs. In this diseases air sacs in
the lungs (alveoli) are damaged creating larger air spaces
instead of many small ones.

Thus reduces the surface area of the lungs which in turn

reduces the amount of oxygen that reaches your
bloodstream.
 Q. Vitamins are stored in which part of the human body ?

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C. Small Intestine
D. Kidney
Ans. A
● Vitamins are stored in the liver in the Human body.
● The fat-soluble vitamins ie Vitamins A, D, E, and K binds
to fat in the stomach and stored in fatty tissues and the
liver. While the water soluble vitamins are excreted in
urine.
 Q. Niacin is chemical name of which of the following
vitamin?
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B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin B3
D. Vitamin B12
Ans. C
• Niacin is chemical name of Vitamin B3.
• It is found in foods such as yeast, meat, fish, milk, eggs,
green vegetables, and cereal grains.
 Q. Which of the following are water soluble vitamins?

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C. Vitamin C
D. Both B & C
Ans. D
• The water-soluble vitamins : Vitamin C, thiamin,
riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folacin, vitamin B12 & biotin.
• These are not stored in body & excreted in urine when
present in excess amount in body.
 Q. Which vitamin is present in Papaya?

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C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin K
Ans. B
● Vitamin C is present in the Papaya.
● It is also known as ascorbic acid and is necessary for the
growth, development and repair of all body tissues.
● Papaya helps in lowering cholesterol, helps in weight
loss, good for eyes,improves digestion , prevents cancer
and also reduces stress.
 Q. Which organ of Human is mainly affected by
Coronavirus?
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B. Brain
C. Lungs
D. Kidney
Ans. C
● Lungs of Humans are primarily affected by Coronavirus.
● Lungs of affected people become filled with
inflammatory material and they become unable to get
enough oxygen to the bloodstream, reducing the body’s
ability to take on oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide and
lungs get damaged.
 Q. Xerophthalmia is caused due to the deficiency of
vitamin ______.
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B. K
C. A
D. C
Ans. C
● Xerophthalmia is a medical condition in which
the eye fails to produce tears.
● Xerophthalmia caused by a severe vitamin A deficiency
is described by pathologic dryness of the conjunctiva and
cornea.
● The conjunctiva becomes dry, thick and wrinkled.
● If untreated, it can lead to corneal ulceration and
ultimately to blindness as a result of corneal damage.
 Q. Which of the following diseases is not caused by a
virus?
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B. AIDS
C. Small pox
D. Syphilis
Ans. D
 Except for Syphilis, all diseases given in the options are
caused by viruses. Syphilis is a bacterial infection which
generally spread by sexual contact.
List of Diseases caused by Virus:
Chickenpox - It is caused by Varicella-zoster virus.
Small Pox - It is caused by the Variola virus.
Common Cold -It is caused by Rhinovirus.
AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency
Syndrome) - It is caused by Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV).
Measles -It is caused by the Measles virus.
Mumps -It is caused by the Mumps virus.
Rabies - It is caused by the Rabies virus (Rhabdoviridae
family)
 Q. Which of the following disease is caused due to the
deficiency of vitamin D?
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B. Osteomalacia
C. Beriberi
D. Anaemia
Ans. B
•Softening of the bones in adults is called osteomalacia. In
children this disease is known as rickets.
•The most common cause of osteomalacia is a deficiency
of vitamin D, which is normally derived from sunlight
exposure and, to a lesser extent, from the diet.
•This disease causes decay of calcium and phosphorus in
bone tissues, therefore their deficiency reduces the
strength of the bones.
 Q. Vitamin containing metal atom is______.

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C. Vitamin B12
D. Vitamin A
Ans. C
Vitamin B12 is the only, metal containing vitamin . It is also
a Water- soluble vitamin that is stored in the liver and
must come from the diet. It has a key role in the normal
functioning of the brain and nervous system, and the
formation of red blood cells. It is one of eight B vitamins.
 Q. Calciferol is a fat soluble vitamin, which is also known
as ______.
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B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin K
Ans. B
• Vitamin A, D, E and K are fat soluble vitamins.
• Vitamin D is known as Clalciferol.
• Vitamin D is produced by our skin when it is exposed to
sunlight.
• It is best known for its beneficial effects on bone health,
and deficiency makes you highly susceptible to bone
fractures.
• Vitamin D is found in two major forms- Vitamin D2
which is also known as Ergoccalciferol and Vitamin D3,
known as Cholecalciferol.
• It is mainly found in mushrooms, plants, animal derived
foods, fish oil, eggs etc.
 Q. Hepatitis affects which organ of the human body?

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C. Spleen
D. Small intestine
Ans. A
Hepatitis is a viral liver disease that can cause mild to
severe illness. Thehepatitis virus is transmitted through
ingestion of contaminated food and water or through
direct contact with an infectious person.