5.

Laboratory and diagnostic procedures

Diagnostic/Laborator Date Ordered/ Indication/ Result Analysis And Nursing Responsibilities Prior To, During And After
y Procedure Date Done Purposes Interpretation Of The Procedure
Result
Urinalysis The urinalysis is The urinalysis The test revealed  Instruct the patient to wash hands prior to
a set of result shows the that the patient’s collecting sample.
screening tests following: urinalysis is  Instruct the patient to have midstream clean
that can detect negative which catch specimen.
some common Volume: 800 mL means it is within
diseases. It may in 24 hours the normal limits  Instruct the patient to void directly into a clean
be used to with no particular dry container. Sterile disposable containers are
screen for and/or Color: Pale substances. recommended.
help diagnose yellow
conditions such  Cover all specimens tightly, label properly and
as a urinary tract Specific gravity: send immediately to the laboratory.
infections, 1.015 with a
kidney normal fluid  Observe standard precautions when handling
disorders, liver intake urine specimens.
problems,
diabetes or other pH: 5.5  If the specimen cannot be delivered to the
metabolic laboratory or tested within an hour, it should be
conditions. refrigerated or have an appropriate preservative
added.

Diagnostic/Laboratory Date Ordered/ Indication/ Result Analysis And Nursing Responsibilities Prior To, During
Procedure Date Done Purposes Interpretation Of And After The Procedure
Result
 Complete Blood  A CBC provides The CBC result The test revealed  Explain the procedure to the patient
Count valuable shows the that the patient’s
information about following: complete blood  Obtain a history of the patient's
the blood and count and complaints including a list of known
 Comprehensive components and WBC: 5,500 Comprehensive allergens especially sensitivities to latex
Metabolic Panel features of blood cell/mcL Metabolic Panel
are within normal  Explain that slight discomfort may be
 Comprehensive RBC: 4.8 million range. felt when the skin is punctured
Metabolic Panel is cells/mcL
a blood test that  Observe and assess venipuncture site for
measures your HGB: 14.5 bleeding or hematoma formation
sugar (glucose) mgazA/dL
level, electrolyte  Give the results to physician
and fluid balance, HCT: 46.8%
 kidney function,
and liver function. PLATELETS:
3,5000
platelets/mcL

Diagnostic/Laborator Date Ordered/ Indication/ Result Analysis And Nursing Responsibilities Prior To, During And After
y Procedure Date Done Purposes Interpretation Of The Procedure
Result
Prostate Specific Prostate Specific The total Prostate The test revealed  Verify the physician order
Antigen Antigen is a Specific Antigen that the patient’s
blood test used level of the Prostate Specific  Explain the procedure to the patient
primarily to patient is Antigen is 6.2
screen for 6.2 nanograms ng/ml which  Advise the patient to avoid any sexual activity
prostate cancer. per milliliter indicates above that leads to ejaculation in the 48 hours before
The test (ng/mL) normal level and PSA test
measures the suspected for
amount of prostate cancer.  Take the blood carefully and label the container
prostate-specific properly
antigen (PSA) in
your blood.  The blood sample is then analysed in the LAB to
measure your PSA level.

Diagnostic/Laborator Date Ordered/ Indication/ Result Analysis And Nursing Responsibilities Prior To, During And After
y Procedure Date Done Purposes Interpretation Of The Procedure
Result
Transrectal ultrasound Transrectal Transrectal The test revealed  Advise the patient the following;
guided Biopsy ultrasound of the ultrasound guided that the patient’s
prostate gland is Biopsy has have a positive  Strenuous exercise such as jogging, heavy
positive result for biopsy for Gleason
performed to Gleason stage 6 stage 6 prostate lifting, golfing, and bike riding should be
detect disorders prostate cancer cancer. avoided for at least seven days.
within the 
prostate. The Gleason stage  There can be bleeding from the rectum after the
6 indicates tumor. biopsy and blood in the urine.
Prostate biopsy
indications  Blood in the semen can persist for 6 weeks or
include gross DRE more
abnormality, PSA
greater than 4  Sexual activity can be resumed after 7 days.
ng/ml in the high-
risk age group, or  A hot bath after the biopsy can help relieve the
lesions with PI- pressure and spasms that may occur.
RADS2 score of 4
or 5 on mpMRI.  Notify the physician promptly in the case of: –
Fever of 101 °F or greater, shaking, or chills –
Heavy rectal bleeding, clots, or bleeding that
continues longer than 2 to 3 days