Ang Bagong Biringan Retracing The Filipi

Running
Runninghead:
head:50 CHARACTERS
Ang ABBREVIATION
Bagong Biringan: OF YOUR TITLE
The Philippine Mythology Camp
Ang Bagong Biringan:
Retracing The Filipino Identity Through The First Philippine Mythology Camp
Joshua Mojica Velasquez
Holy Angel University

Ang Bagong Biringan: The Philippine Mythology Camp 2
Abstract
In reality where individuals will all seem to move at a pace unimaginably swift and technology is
essential, it will be an invigorating change to see customs being used by youths who have put
aside the chance to participate in the activities and are keeping traditions and customs particularly
alive, in this light, folklore is a portrayal of customs and culture. It mirrors the ethical and moral
principles of a specific culture and society. But does the young populace have a true understanding
of these concepts? Will the next generations really be interested in such endeavors? Is there still a
place for these primal rituals and beliefs in their contemporary world? The research to aims to
confide with the youth and scholarly figures such as writers, illustrators, and other agents of media
in pursuit of gaining some resolutions through intricate dialogues, structured surveys and the
tabulation and analysis of these data. The information alludes to the analysis of social norms and
its corresponding barriers, in response, the researcher aims to adapt strategies for the betterment of
such conditions resulting in the framework from which the proposal will be founded upon. In the
moment when life is stripped of cell phones, televisions and social networking, people can
discover key principles whereupon productive lives are based. With the recovery of practices and
traditions, campgrounds like the proposed development aims to empower an adolescent to acquire
skills for life – skills that are respected and regarded all through the world.
Keywords: Philippine Mythology, folklore, adventure, culture, campsite, Filipino Identity

Ang Bagong Biringan:
Retracing The Filipino Identity Through The First Philippine Mythology Camp
What comes to mind when people speak of mythology. Is it the adventures of the demigod
hercules and his famous labors in greek mythology? Or is it the monkey king and his journey to
the west in chinese literature? Mythology is commonly understood as celebration of heroes and
heroines and remembering creatures and beings that are related to natural phenomena. But what
exactly is mythology? Devdutt (2014) stated in one of his speeches in Mumbai University that
mythology is systematic study of beliefs (subject truths) of communities expressed in stories,
symbols and rituals. An influx of foreign fantasy films have made their way into philippine
mainstream media which films such as Maleficent, Thor: Ragnarok, and Beauty and the Beast to
name a few.
But what about the myths of philippine society? Is it possible for it to share a slot in the
limelight? Are the filipinos knowledgeable enough of their own myths and legends to introduce it
to other cultures? Clark (2016) found that based on the Commission on Higher Education’s
(CHED) 2008 data, out of 100 grade 1 pupils only 14 eventually graduate from college. This
means that only 14% of the population might have the opportunity to explore philippine
mythology and understand its history and cultural impacts in an academic manner. It would be
more logical if history and truths about the esoteric stories are propagated at an early age at which
it could spread to a wider population.
Inside the limited knowledge passed on through written and oral traditions there are also
the evident misinterpretation and misconceptions present when one delacruz talks of the
Philippine folklore and mythology. A 1980’s publication found that 15 out of the 50 comics
during 1979 to 1980 depicts in human beings as agents of death (Roxas & Arevalo, Jr, 1985). It is
also relevant to know beliefs in this stories, however factual, have impacts on social behaviors as
evident in at least 45 news articles compiled in the aswang project website which show multiple
cases related to aswang and mangkukulam, most of which involve violent confrontations and even
murder (Clark, 2015)
Project Objectives
● To dispel stigmas about creatures and figures of Philippine Folklore.
● To provide a venue for advocating Philippine culture and educating people about
Philippine Folklore.
● To highlight/enhance the natural features of the province by coupling them with
complimentary activities and amenities.
The identity of a culture starts at the roots and it grows and it carries on to build our
national character (Tan, 2015; Gallaga, 2015) and to be able to provide a venue not only for
celebrating this character and identity but for developing and propagating deep knowledge and
experiences to future generations to come. This proposal aims to be an amalgamation of intangible
constructs to a physical and visual exhibition of the Filipino Spirit.
The researcher will cover the study of common traditions, lores, literatures and practices
relevant to the philippine mythologies. The researcher will do studies to narrow down mythical
beings and processes are similar or common origin and structure to have ambiguity in the subject
matter. The minimum design requirements will be a recreational beach area, nature trail/pathway
interconnecting amenities with scenic stops/photo op nodes, main pavilion, accommodations such
as villas and suites, treehouses, academic facilities, small plantation/vegetable garden, utility
areas, and basic sports and recreation facilities.
The researcher aims to conduct interviews from different media professionals with
expertise circulate on the illustration and portrayal of filipino folklore and mythology and how
they came up with the such representations. The researcher aims to interpret the data into an
immersive interactive and unique proposal for a new fantasy culture-based adventure experience
that will also educate and dispel misconceptions and heal the cultural damage inflicted by the
Philippines’ colonial past.
● To standardize, the Input – Process – Output approach will be employed. The format should
be followed.
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Primary Data - Identify the project objectives vis a

- Interviews with vis the design objectives
creatives, and - Determine the design considerations
technical - Explain the criteria and design
professionals approach
- Online Survey o Design Considerations
- Observation ▪ Sustainability Ang
▪ Alternative Utility Bagong
Secondary Data Systems Biringan:
- Pertinent Laws ▪ Aesthetics/Functional Retracing the
- Government Biomimicry Filipino
Documents ▪ Heritage Identity
- Case Studies o Design Criteria through the
- Journals ▪ The campsite should First
be on a Mythological Philippine
- Etc.
Theme. Mythology
▪ The campsite should Park
comfortably cater a
minimum of 1250
persons.
▪ The architectural
style should be of
Filipino neo-
vernacular character.
o Design Objectives
▪ To design spaces for

the promotion of
educational,
scientific, and cultural
activities.
▪ To design spaces for
the appreciation of
various Philippine
Mythology
▪ To develop a concept/
character that
simulates the
functional silhouette
of traditional
Philippine coastal
Architecture whilst
employing modern
materials and more
modern/ functional
geometries.
- To dispel stigmas about creatures
and figures of Philippine Folklore.
- Develop and design (proposed

project – buildings)
Figure 1. Conceptual Framework
Methods
Research Design
The researcher will use a more qualitative research design. The research design method will
be a mix of reviewing other researches and descriptive designs. The researcher will choose these
methods because the subject deals more on the behaviors, popular trends, and the study of existing
literature materials that covers philippine mythology and related folklore.
Sources of Data
The researcher will gather data from books, journals and online sources such as published
studies about philippine myths and other folk literature. The researcher will also utilize online
materials such as web series and online groups that delve into the subject matter.
Participants.
Participants will include people who work in Fiction and Fantasy genres like comic book
artists, webseries, game developers and also practitioners of traditional arts and practices related to
the study. The researcher will also consult with experts in the field of arts and sciences. Other
participants include technical and organizations or professional agencies such as government
officials, organization heads, architects, and engineers.
Budjette Tan is a Filipino writer, best known for the crime and horror komiks series Trese,
co-creating it with artist Kajo Baldisimo. He is also the Executive Creative Director at McCann
Worldgroup Philippines, a global advertising agency network with an integrated network in over
120 countries.
Dr. Carlos P. Tatel, Jr is a graduate of University of the Philippines Diliman (UP Diliman or
UPD) wherein he obtained a PhD in Anthropology. He is a leading figure in UPD for advocating
folklore. In fact, he is the coordinator of the Folklore Studies Program of UPD.
Arigo Adrian Soliman is a graduate of University of the Philippines Diliman wherein he
obtained a PhD in Psychology. He is also a businessman. He is a director and leads the research
and development department of Henyo Factory. He also worked in various fields of human
resource, training and development, a few of which includes being a former instructional designer
at Sutherland Global Services, a managing director at KapamPares, an instructional designer at
Stream Global Services, and a senior instructional designer at ETelecare Global Solutions.
The researcher will randomly include 50 participants through an online survey in different
media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter.
Procedure
The researcher will utilize an online survey form from Google Forms. The survey tool
includes eight questions varying from dichotomous, likert-type, multiple-choice and checkbox
formats. The researcher will disseminate the survey online by providing a direct link to it on
various groups in different social media platforms which the users may access any time of the day.
The researcher will contact group page owners and website staffs to requests data related to the
study such as renaissance groups and crafts people’s page to gather technical data for stipulation
of activities and spaces. The researcher will then reach out to technical professionals and media
creatives through e-mail, primarily G-mail, and personal messaging through Facebook. Once the
participants consent to the researcher’s requests, exchange of messages will be conducted and
appointments will then be made to take records and written accounts.
Data Analysis Plan
The researcher will arrange the data in pie charts and bar charts that Google Survey
automatically produces in real time for every new response which are complete with color coding,
ratios, percentages and the like. When Google surveys are updated, the account user (in this case,
the researcher) is notified through their G-mail account which provides a smart and convenient
alternative method for a researcher to bring into effective action.
Results and Discussion
Interview
The first interview was set at the heart of the University of the Philippines Diliman(UPD),
in the iconic Palma Hall in the Office of the Dean of Social Studies and Philosophy. Here, the
researcher was introduced and directed to Dr. Carlos P. Tatel, Jr. who will be addressed here as
“Dr. Tatel.” After settling down on the office lounge the researcher formally starts the interview.
The researcher kindly requested Dr. Tatel to reintroduce himself. He obtained his PhD in
Anthropology at the University of the Philippines Diliman. He specializes in Historical
Anthropology, Social Anthropology, and Religion/Intangible Heritage Studies. He is currently the
coordinator of the university’s Folklore Studies Program. After his introduction, the researcher
states the first question, “What is folklore according to your own understanding?” to which Dr.
Tatel answers, “folklore is knowledge from tao or kaalamang bayan.” He then proceeds to
breakdown the word and its elements into more simple terms. According to him folklore is made
of up two root words: the european words folc or volk, meaning town or people, and lore, meaning
stories from the town which may include concepts such as culture and beliefs. The researcher
proceeds to the next question of how mainstream media depicts folklore and the characters and
beings involved in them. He explains that the media always adds entertainment value and
sometimes they focus too much on that that they fail to present the serious aspects. As a
consequence, the products exhibit a lack depth. When asked if local and foreign depictions should
be compared, Dr. Tatel responds by saying they should not be compared. He states that folklore is
a reflection of the environment and that each place has its own set of stories. In general, he
describes foreign depictions of having concepts of heroism but when it comes to Philippine
folklores there is no good or evil side, no heaven or hell. The general Filipino belief is that the
world has three layers: langit (sky), mundong ibabaw (material world or mortal realm), at
mundong ilalim (underworld). These layers sometimes interact. Everything is connected

especially natural processes or phenomena. The researcher redirected the question to talk about the
technical aspects of representation and execution. Dr. Tatel observed that other countries have an
easier time transfering folk stories and materials into the big screens because of their meticulously
documented history and literature unlike that of the Philippines which was more reliant on word-
of-mouth and storytelling. The researcher inquired Dr. Tatel who should be held responsible for
promulgating and preserving these beliefs and practices to which he points out that everyone
should be taking initiative in such endeavors but aside from the citizens themselves, institutions
and organizations such as schools, national agencies, and the governments should be taking the
lead. There are agencies like the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and
National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP). To bring the interview to a close, the
researcher posed a final question to Dr. Tatel, “What do you think is the relevance of folklore in
the modern world?” He hastily responded saying “lahat!” He elaborated further stating that the
knowledge that folklores contain can be used in the modern world, to the way we design our
world, it brings out the creative ability of the people, the folk, the bayan. The researcher extended
his gratitude to Dr. Carlos P. Tatel and they exchanged handshakes and farewells.
The next repondent is Mr. Arigo Adrian Soliman. The researcher travelled to Mr.
Soliman’s abode in St. Jude Village, San Fernando where the interview was conducted. It was at a
small and simple home in a quiet subdivision. The interview took place over breakfast before Mr.
Soliman attended to his scheduled appointments for the rest of that day. The interviewee describes
himself as businessman, a neuroscientist, and a memorologist focused on the development of the
human brain. Mr. Soliman has nineteen (19) years of experience in the development of the mind
and focuses on the natural amelioration of the human brain and how to enhance its cognitive
functions. The researcher then proceeds to the main discussion by asking about Mr. Soliman’s
observation of the general public’s awareness concerning Philippine folklore. He states that the
modern youth do not have the same level of familiarity and awareness with local folklore as
compared to that of their predecessors. They have grown more accustomed to local creative
fantasy shows and foreign mythologies than their own. Next, the researcher asked how the
educational systems handle Philippine Folklore or if most even do. He replies that some do indeed
teach such subject matter. Lessons regarding the mother tongue are required and to an extent has
folklore in its scope, but Mr. Soliman emphasizes that the teachers and instructors are not required
to explain the mechanics of these pantheons. This may be due the inconsistent list of prescribed
readings and the unestablished goals for knowledge requirements. The researcher inquired about
who should be leading figures in the promotion of folk beliefs and practices to which he answers
that besides families, these should include heritage organizations and the educational system. With
regards to the various organizations, he comments that the traditionalist approach is not cool
enough to entice newer generations. The interview moves on to matters of mainstream media
depiction. He states that beings and entities in the local folk scene are portrayed as evil because of
the influence of Catholicism on the modern-day Filipino. Some are cherry-picked to be made out
as heroes but only if they are aligned with the views and opinions of the Catholic church. When
asked of the local and foreign comparison, he simply puts that the local scene is slowly catching
up but is not quite at the same level yet. Lastly, the researcher questions the contemporary
relevance of folklore. Mr. Soliman cited three things and can be summarized into history, learning,
and creativity. That concluded the interview with Mr. Arigo Adrian Soliman.
The third respondent is Mr. Budjette Tan. The researcher was able to contact and exchange
messages with Mr. Tan online through his facebook page and electronic mail (g-mail in
particular). After forwarding the interview questionnaire to Mr. Tan, he replied and answered
them within a week. Mr. Budjette Tan has been in the advertising sector for eighteen (18) years
and he also does significant amounts of work on comic book materials on his spare time. He has
an extensive experience in comic book writing which he has been doing for the past 20 years. He
was part of Alamat Comics, a 1994 comic book group. He collaborates with other artist and
writers such as Kajo Baldisimo on their comic book series Trese and Bow Guerrero and JB Tapia
on The Dark Colony. According to his observation, family and friends are the primary sources
from which most people get familiarized with Philippine folklore. Occasionally, movies and TV
programs tackle this topic (e.g. Magandang Gabi Bayan and Matanglawin) and then there are
multitudes of comic book titles inspired from Philippine mythology and folklore. Discussing about
schools and their cultural programs, Mr. Tan did not recall encountering lessons or subject matters
that focused on Philippine myths during his childhood school days. The only example he could
count as part of a formal education program was back in 2013 when the Department of Education
selected one Trese issue (Isyu 5 “A Little Known Murder in Studio 4”) which features a duwende
in its story which was then included in the list of reading materials for the K-12 program. The
duwende in that comic book was then used by the students as comparative counterpart to the
classical depiction of the duwende. Teachers can choose to use implement such materials like
Trese Komiks and The Mythology Class by Arnold Arre as part of their individual reading list and
lesson plans. He remarks that it would be great if the educational system would spearhead in
propagating history and culture programs, and the same goes with media outlets and other
publishing sectors. He even points out that local TV and movie producers have been exerting
efforts in staying true to the original book characters and creatures although there are still artistic
liberties taking place to ensure the audience is engaged and amused. They should, however, take
into consideration the context of the stories as they often take foreign influences that tend to
overshadow the original content. Approaching the end part of the interview, Mr. Tan is asked
about the relevance of folklore in the modern world to which he expresses how amazed he is about
the connections folklores and myths have with the present times. He views them as benchmarks or
cultural anchors to which the people can always go back to and reflect on their lives. Before
ending the interview, Mr. Tan voiced out a major concern of his. This would be which myths the
researcher will pick for the project. He then suggested to the researcher to examine The Soul Book
by GCF books.
Interview Analysis
After examining the data from the respondents, the researcher has stipulated six important factors
to consider in the project:
● Awareness
● Stereotyping
● Agencies
● Depiction
● Aspects of Culture
● Approach
Awareness is the quality of conscious perception, or comprehension of events (Alleydog, n.d.).
Common factors contributing to awareness that were mentioned by the respondents are family and
friends, viva-voce or word of mouth, and mainstream media.

Awareness
Figure 2. Venn Diagram
The diagram shows the main mediums through which social norms are formed. These media
exhibits different levels of verifiability and accessibility of information.
The household is the fundamental unit of society and this is where children are first influenced
which extends to friends and acquaintances. Mainstream media is a flexible platform where users
can easily convey and receive information but at the risk of unreliable sources due to the
impersonal nature of these connections, especially lacking in the physical aspect or presence. The
family/friend model is simply Individual-Relatives-Friends which makes it easier to fact-check
information but is usually geographically limited. Mainstream media’s flow of information often
takes the form of Individual-Third Party (Stranger to the individual) which is more direct to the
market and can reach a broader spectrum yet issues of credibility are present as mentioned earlier.
Viva-voce may be considered the middle ground. In the world of marketing, word-of-mouth
advertising can be defined as an unpaid form of promotion in which satisfied customers tell other
people how much they like a business, product or service (Entrepreneur, n.d.). The flow of the
conveyance of information in viva-voce method can be interpreted as Individual-Relatives-
Friends-Acquaintance-Third Party. There is a balance in both credibility of information and extent
of intimacy. All these channels of awareness culminate into the development of social norms.
Public Stereotyping of Story Characters

This simple diagram illustrates the perceptions of affiliations characters seem to portray.
Moving on to the polar classification of the public view, popular media frequently depict
characters as having a positive or negative affinity, the good guys and the bad guys and such
(Soliman, 2018; Tatel, Jr., 2018). However, when it comes Filipino folk literature, characters and
events are deemed neutral. They are just a means of explaining natural processes or roles which
takes no sides at all. It was just the way of life or natural interactions (Tan, 2018; Tatel, Jr., 2018).
Hierarchy of Implementing Bodies
Figure 4. Pyramid Chart
The chart represents structure through which implementation of certain concepts propagate in.
The educational bodies serving as the foundations and the national agencies as the capping
stones that ratifies such implements.
The next factor is the medium of propagation or to be more specific the organizations and certified
bodies who have the authority and power to either implement and fortify or deprive social norms.
At a small scale, promotion of folk studies can be implemented through school programs or
electives and may collaborate with the community and the local government. Next, there are the
local organizations, including the local government units, which have a wider scope and authority
to enforce local laws. They may approve or disapprove of programs or activities. Lastly, we have
national agencies such as NCCA and NHCP. These are similar to the last one but on a national
scale, gaining full authority all over the country. The researcher finds that these three mediums of
propagation should be considered in the proposal because they can provide assistance to the
project and at the same time, the project itself is helping in achieving the goals and objectives of
these organizations.
Hierarchy of Implementing Bodies

In this diagram are factors that contribute to the popularization of popular media materials.
Lastly, the researcher ruled three factors popular material seem to possess in mainstream media.
These are the original source of the material, a reference point where artists gather upon ideas and
inspirations. Next is the entertainment value. It is the means through which the consumers are
initially drawn to. Last is the context in which the product is presented to. A combination of these
result in different quality materials. Some can be informative and in context for a simple and direct
approach. Some are well-composed believable pieces yet these tend to lack substance they focus
less on the source material. The contrary of the last example would aim for accuracy of the source
and execution but sometimes disregard the environment or setting of the presentation.
Survey and Analysis
Household Exposure to Superstition
Figure 6. Pie Chart
Majority of the respondents stated that they were not brought up in superstitious households which
in figure 6 accounts for sixty-four percent (64%) or thirty-two (32) individuals. The family and the
household are the basic units of society and when it comes to child-rearing are the main
influencers (dictionary, 2018) which is why it is important to properly educate and instill cultural
values in such an early stage of life to increase nationalistic concerns over traditional and cultural
topics and discussions.
Levels of Superstition
Figure 7. Pie Chart
Figure 7 shows the different levels of superstition of Filipinos. The data affirms the presumption
of the researcher that Filipinos gain superstitious knowledge with degrees of belief ranging
between the low and high brackets despite the respondents not being from superstitious
households.
Belief in Paranormal/Supernatural Entities
Figure 8. Pie Chart
A number of which even believe in entities such as duwende and tikbalang as seen in figure 8.
Levels of Interest
Figure 9. Pie Chart

Figure 9 shows the levels of interest. It can be observed that there is a thirteen percent (12%)
increase in the higher brackets of figure 8 in comparison with that of figure 9 which was just two
percent (2%). It can be deduced that the respondents have rising interests in the folk and
supernatural/paranormal beliefs.
Levels of Awareness
Figure 10. Pie Chart
When the respondents were asked about their level of awareness of local folk beliefs and
practices, a vast majority of them responded affirmatively leaving only sixteen percent (16% or 8
respondents) as unaware as seen in figure 10.
Frequency of Folk Practices
Figure 11. Bar Graph

The researcher also extrapolated the decline in both folk practices from the survey data, all of
which did not reach the fifty percent (50%) mark with the most frequently availed practice
capping at only thirty-eight percent (38%) believing them to be senseless or illogical.
Popularity
Figure 12. Bar Graph

The respondents were asked to identify all items that they are familiar with which will determine
the popularity of all the figures given. The top four (4) most popular figures are Percy Jackson,
Harry Potter, Rapunzel, and Hercules, none of which are Filipino in origin. Two (2) Filipino
characters placed in the spots of the five (5) least popular figures with the one-eyed Filipino moon
goddess, Mayari, getting the least amount of votes garnering only four (4) votes from the fifty (50)
respondents. The data presented affirms the researcher’s assumption that foreign characters are
more well-known than that of their Philippine counterparts. The information gathered came from
students comprising more than half of the total number respondents which is sixty-eight percent
(68%) to be exact. The students will be the main focus market of the proposal.
Table 1
Benchmarked Projects
Benchmarked Actual Building Details of the Comparison to the

Project Perspective Benchmarked Project
Project
• Masterbuilder
Franz Hubert von
Tiele-Winckler
• Organizers
5 Żywiołów
Agencja
artystyczno-
eventowa
• Location
Moszna Castle,
Moszna, Poland The project was inspired
• Make-up by the concept of the
The Witcher Barbara Wilczek Witcher School of having
School • Coordination a fantasy adventure quest
Dastin Wawrzyniak, or role playing game set
Dominik for people to participate in.
Wawrzyniak The proposal aims to
• Game Design emulate Philippine
Krzysztof Maj, adventure stories through
Bartek Zioło, the programs and
Dorota Kalina attractions.
Trojanowska,
Aleksandra
Sokólska, Marek
Starosta
• Logistics &
Costumes
Agencja 5
Żywiołów
• Video and
photography
Piotr Müller,
Retrieved from: Maciek Pagacz,
www.thevintagenew Tomas Felcman,
s.com Denis Kruk
• Area:
7023.47 sqm
• Project Year
2015
• Year Of
Enchargement
2013
• General Manager
Alexander Family
• General Manager
Russell Alexander
• Production
Company
WingNut Films and The project was inspired
The Saul Zaentz by the archaic setting and
Company ambience of this fantasy
• Location movie set which which
Hobbiton Movie Matamata, Waikato, makes visitors feel like
Set Tours New Zealand they are in a different
• Director world or timeline and at
Peter Jackson the same time preserving
• Producer most of the natural
Peter Jackson, greenery of the location.
Barrie M. Osborne,
Fran Walsh, Tim
Sanders
Retrieved from: • Area
www.themightyinkc 48562.3 sqm
omics.co • Project Year
2002
• Year Of
Enchargement
1998
• Owner The project aspires to also

Jesse Grabowski collaborate and arrange
• General Manager events or programs with
Jesse Grabowski local attractions and
• Location organizations forming a
Sky High Ranch, broader territory for all
Meadow Mountain parties involved by
Alliance Denver Ranch, Twisted forming symbiotic
Live Action Pine Lodge, Magic relations between
Role-Playing Sky, Florissant, neighboring sites. (e.g. Las
Colorado Casas Filipinas de Acuzar
• Plot and Bataan National Park)
Jesse Grabowski,
Jennifer Beach,
Dani Meir, David
Clements, Miguel
Alberto
Retrieved from: • Logistics
www.alliancedenver Mac McCammon
.com • Project Year

2013
• Project Head
Imelda Marcos
• Manager
Nayong Pilipino
Foundation The project was inspired
• Location by the concept of this
Clark Freeport theme park as it simulates
Nayong Pilipino Zone, Angeles City the diverse cultures of the
• Operator Philippines which is
Nayong Pilipino almost equal to the project
Foundation being developed. The
• Chairman proposal however will be
Atty. Grace more interactive and
Panagsagan dynamic as compared to
• Year Of the static nature of the
Enchargement exhibits in this benchmark
2002 project.
Retrieved from: • Area
www.thevintagenew 180000 sqm
s.com • Project Year
2006
The Wizarding
World of Harry
Potter The Project was inspired
by the concept of bringing
to life fictional fantasy
• Owner worlds through physical
NBCUniversal interpretation like rides
• Architect and attractions in a way
Universal Creative that will entertain both the
• Operators youth and adults. The
Universal Parks & benchmark project is more
Resorts on European in setting and
• Location is about western concepts
Orlando, Florida of wizardry and magic
• Area whereas the proposal is
Retrieved from: 81000 sqm about Philippine Folklore
www.travelandleisu • Project Year
re.com 2010
Table 2 Review of Related Literature

Literature: Book / Author(s) and Objectives, Discussion (Comparison

Journal / E-Journal / Year Published Methods or to this study,
Case Study, etc. Treatments, similarities, differences,
Principal Results etc.)
or Findings of the
Study / Abstract or
Conclusion of the
Literature
Filipinos had a The study will adapt the

civilization of their key elements of pre-
own long before the colonial Philippine
Spaniards came to civilization presented in
the Philippines. This the literature which
civilization partly involved concepts of
came from the society, politics, religion,
Malay settlers and economy and culture. Pre-
Philippine History: Pre- Ernie Ronel T. partly from the colonial colonial site
Colonial Period Mabahague response to the new design as presented in the
(2015) environment. Huge study can be achieved by
numbers of these several methods and
traditions and framework of techniques.
customs, This study by the
government and researcher, on the other
lifestyle have come hand, took another route
down to the present by looking into another
day regardless of technique such as
the progressions Vernacular methods.
realized by
westernization and
modernization. This
is the reason it is
difficult to think
about or removed
past by observing a
few traditions and
practices that have
opposed change and
modernization
In the book, the

authors talked about
the stories from the
Skyworld, from the
human world, and

Francisco R. the Underworld. The researcher will adopt
Demetrio, Gilda The book is an some of the methods the
Cordero- essential title to author used to composed
The Soul Book Fernando, and additionally their stories to organize
Fernando comprehend the the primary setting of the
Nakpil-Zialcita Filipino mind and recreational center.
(1991) conviction
framework. The
Soul Book discusses
pre-hispanic
Filipino’s most
profound sense of
being
The author of the

article believes that
the time has come to
discontinue the
isolation of
Philippine folklore
and to start taking a
gander at the entire
picture. The
"creatures" are
components of the
whole pantheon and
they have been kept
alive through the
oral customs of
storytellers and even The article has an
through superstition. extensive yet simplified
Philippine Folklore chart that
Philippine Mythology: A is fascinating, comprehensively
Chart of the Deities, Jordan Clark phenomenal, classifies creatures,
Creatures & Heroes (2017) startling, and deities, and other beings
dumbfounding and of folklore that the
the writer researcher can utilize to
profoundly concurs determine the
that Philippine commonality of characters
folklore should be to which the proposal will
instructed in schools determine the nature of
all through the the attractions and
country and structures.
regarded as a state
of national pride.
Discarding the
partition between
thoughtful divine
beings and harmful
spirits diminishes
this confuse and
gives a more
noticeable
appreciation of its
prominence.
There is mounting
empirical
confirmation that
immersion with
nature conveys
quantifiable
advantages to
individuals. Surveys
of this point have
for the most part
centered around a
particular kind of
benefit, been The researcher can
constrained to a determine the different
solitary teach, or kinds of settings in which
Lucy E. secured the the prospective users can
Keniger, Kevin advantages have various experiences
What are the Benefits of J. Gaston, conveyed from a of nature. The research
Interacting with Nature? Katherine N. specific sort of provides key bearings for
Irvine and association. Here configuring scenes that
Richard A. the author build advance amazing
Fuller (2013) novel typologies of connections amongst
the settings, individuals and nature in a
interactions and quickly urbanizing world.
potential advantages
of human nature
encounters, and
utilize these to sort
out an appraisal of
the advantages of
communicating with
nature. Social
researchers have
been the most
dynamic specialists
in this field.
The survey
investigated the
results of summer
camp participation
and reasoned that
participating in
provincially
accredited camps
advances
constructive change The study outlines the
Troy Glover, in five key zones of underlying benefits of
The Canadian Summer Steven Mock, development: social nature camps which cover
Camp Research Project and Roger integration and a variety of aspects such
Mannell (2011) citizenship, as emotional,
ecological environmental, physical,
mindfulness, intrapersonal and
dispositions towards interpersonal
physical activity, development.
emotional
intelligence, self-
confidence and self-
improvement.
This examination
was completed with
the point of
expounding the
advantages of
campgrounds and
their association
with nature. The
target of this
examination went
for discovering how
to enhance the
Svanen campground
to expand visitor
inflow which is the
reason it was The case study tackles
Engama Bindele utilized as the different activities and
Camping as a Form of Mauricette contextual analysis. campsite innovations that
Nature Tourism Larissa (2013) Over the previous revitalizes classic camp
years, Svanen set-ups to be more
campground has environmentally sensitive
been encountering a and lucrative endeavor.

few mishaps for
absence of benefit
making. Along
these lines, there
was a requirement
for new thoughts,
advancements and
individual physical
investments to
support financial
advancement.
Assassin’s Creed Origins Ubisoft The game designers The researcher aims to
Montreal (2017) made sure that the emulate the dedication of
extensive and the developers to detail of
delightful map that historic structures while
reproduces old imposing artistic freedom
Egypt's differed and speculation on how a
environment and pre-colonial Philippines
architecture. It's could have appeared
loaded with regions without the intervention
of delicate sand that of colonizers and the
are cleared by physical integration of
powerful dust mythology. With such
storms, scopes of design, the proposal aims
slippery and rough to give guests the natural
mountains, drive to find these
sepulchers of wonders through
transcending old exploration.
structures worked in
the names of the
divine beings, and
the rotting shacks of
the ordinary
citizens.
Indeed, even the
apparently purge
abandon areas
having their own
treats, similar to the
stunning perspective
from the most
noteworthy rise
focuses. There are
various urban
communities, as
well, each with their
own exceptional
culture including
diverse divine
beings, legislative
issues, race
relations, and
partialities to reveal.
They're
unmistakable in
design and
condition, and that
makes the
noteworthy time
responsibility one
that is reliably
fluctuated and
astonishing.
Table 3. Common Traditional Concepts and Systems
Clothing Male Female
Sleeveless Coat Sleeved Coat

Loincloth Long Skirt
Headpiece Waist cloth
Red - Chieftain Red

Black/Blue - Commoners White
Bagobo man and woman donned in their
traditional tribal clothing
Retrieved from http://www.retrato.com.ph/
Pendant Pendant
Armlets Armlets
Leglets Leglets
Gold teeth fillings Gold teeth fillings
Wealthy Bisaya couple wearing gold

jewelry as depicted in the Boxer Codex of
the 16th Century
Tattoos Tattoos
Tattoo clad Visayans dubbed as the

Pintados by the Spanish, as illustrated in
the Boxer Codex
Politics Colloquial Term Characteristics
Unit of Government Barangay Consisted around 30 to

100 families. The term
came from the Malay
word balangay,
meaning boat
Political Leaders Datu, Rajah, Lakan, Sultan Barangays were

headed by these
chieftains. They were
the chief executives,
the
legislators, and the
judges; they were also
the
supreme commander
in times of war
Taxation Pagbubuwis Paying tribute to the

Chieftains in exchange
for protection and their
leadership
Ritual Alliances Sanduguan Blood compacts that

formalize the alliances
among barangays
Trial by Ordeal - Trial by difficulty was

an antiquated legal
practice by which the
blame or
blamelessness of the
accused was verified
by their survival or
how they fared on the
task. In other cases, the
accused was viewed as
guiltless on the off
chance that they got
away damage or if
their wounds
recuperated.
Clashes between or
among barangays were
Might makes right - settled by violence;
whichever side who
win by compel is
constantly right
They were either

customary (passed on
from one generation to
the other) or composed
(proclaimed now and
again as necessity
Laws - emerged). Managed
different subjects, for
example, inheritance,
property rights,
divorce, usury, family
relations, adoption,
and so forth.
Laws are made by the

village chief counsels
Legislation - with a committee of
elders who affirmed of
his arrangement
Laws are not promptly

implemented until the
point that the new

Town Crier Umalohokan enactment is declared
to the town by the
umalohokan, who
likewise discloses the
law to everybody
Language Mode Origin
Oral Language
- In the Philippines,
There are over one
hundred indigenous
languages, eight of
them are considered
major languages Austronesian or Malayo-
according to number Polynesian
of speakers. They language
are: Tagalog,
Ilocano, Pangasinan,
Capampangan,
Language Map Sugbuhanon,
Hiligaynon,
Retrieved from
https://aboutphilippines.ph/files/PHILIPPI Samarnon or Samar-
NEHISTORY-Pre-Colonial-Period.pdf Leyte, and
Maguindanao
System of Writing
- Before the arrival of
the Spaniards,
Filipinos used a
syllabary consisted
of seventeen
symbols, of which
three were vowels Sanskrit or Arabic
and fourteen provenance
consonants. Pre-
colonial Filipinos
wrote on bark of
Baybayin script trees, on leaves and
Retrieved from bamboo tubes, using
https://aboutphilippines.ph/files/PHILIPPI their knives and
NEHISTORY-Pre-Colonial-Period.pdf
daggers, pointed
sticks or iron as pens
and the colored saps

of trees as ink
Literature Forms Example
These tackled different Bugtong (riddle), suliranin Hudhud and Alim (Ifugao)
subjects including love, war, and indulanin (street songs), Biag ni Lam-Ang (The Life
legends, the memory of the sabi (maxim), sawikain of Lam-Ang/ Ilocano)
deceased, and war heroes. (saying), talindaw (boat Bantugan
Songs, dance and the drama songs), diyuna (song of Indarapatra at Sulayman,
possibly developed hand-in- revelry), kumintang (war and Bidasari (Moslems)
hand song which evolved into a
love song), dalit and umbay
(dirge), tagumpay,
balikungkong, dupayinin and
hiliraw (war songs), uyayi
and hele (lullabies), ihiman
(bridal song), tagulaylay
(mournful song), tigpasin
(rowing song), tingad
(household song), and
kutang-kutang (couplets
usually chanted by the blind)
Dance and Music Forms Instruments
Filipinos are naturally fond of Potato Dance, Torture Dance, Kudyapi (two-stringed, fretted
both music and dance, and Duel Dance, Lovers Dance boat-lute)
usually, whenever music is (Negritos); macasla dance Bansic (cane with four holes)
played, it is accompanied by (Tagbanua), kinnotan or ant’s Gangsa (small guitar)
dance that shows how dance and the kinnallogong or Gongs
Filipinos have songs and hat dance (Ilocano); balitaw Jews Harp
dances for almost all and dandansoy (Visayan); Bamboo flute
occasions and because of their balatong, dalit, hiliraw, Kutibeng (guitar with five
frequent association, their kutang-kutang, lulay, strings)
social organization was more indulanin, kumintang, Kaleleng (nose flute)
wellknit than it is today salampati, tagulaylay, subli, Diwdiw-as (pan pipe)
barimbaw, and tagayan
(Tagalog)
Arts Forms Practices
First glimpse can be seen in

primitive tools and weapons
that were polished along the Tools Weaving
lines of leaves and petals of Weapons Pottery
flowers can also be seen in Jewelry Carving
beads, amulets, bracelets, and Clothing Smithing
other ornaments made of jade, Houseware Weapons Making
red cornelian, and other stones Brassware Architecture
dyed and ornamented their Utensils Boatmaking
barkcloth with designs of Wood Carvings Islamic Design
attractive colors
Belief Systems Concepts Commonly Venerated

Entities
Polytheism Immortality of the soul Anito

Animism Life after death Diwata
Paganism Respect for animals Tigmamanukan
Funeral/Burial Rites Babaylan
Ritual Offerings Mangkukulam
Carving of idols/Larawan
Fasting/Sipa
Divination
Charms/Anting-anting
Economy Methods Products
Rice
Coconuts
Sugar cane
Cotton
Agriculture Kaingin System Hemp
Ifugao Rice Terraces Bananas
Oranges
Many species of
fruits and vegetables
Chickens
Pigs
Livestock Herding Goats
Carabaos
Small native
ponies
Nets Coral products

Bow and arrow Tilapia
Spearfishing Bangus
Fishing Wicker basket Squid
Hooks and lines Talangka
Coral and fish poisons Shrimps
Gold was a very abundant

Mining Water or dredging commodity even before
Spaniards arrived
Bangka
Balangay
Lapis
Lumbering and Shipbuilding - Karakoa
Virey
Vinta
Parau
Various Textiles made from:

Hemp
Cotton
Weaving Wooden Looms Medrinaque from
Banana
Linen
Silk
Products from other countries

such as:
China
Siam
Japan
Trade Barter Cambodia
Gold or metal gongs Borneo
Sumatra
Java
Other islands of old Malaysia
Social Classes Classification Functions
Nobles Ruling Class - Royalties Political Leaders

Mandirigma Warrior Class - Military Defenders of the villages
Freemen Commoner Class Paid tribute to the village

leaders. Some assisted the
Nobles in their endeavors.
They were engaged in:
trade, iron working, farming,
fishing, pottery, basket
making, weaving, boat
building and other economic
activities
Dependents Servile Class Serves the upper classes.

Condition for becoming a
Dependent:
1. Criminality
2. Committing taboos
3. Unable to pay debts
4. Poverty
5. Orphans who had no
relatives
6. A prisoner of war
House Prominent Example

Typology Materials/Features
Typical Bahay Kubo Wood

- it was built on stilts Bamboo
and can be entered Nipa Palm
through ladders that Rattan
can be drawn up
Constancio Ma. A. Bernardo: "House by

the river," 1944
Retrieved from
http://www.retrato.com.ph/
Lean-To Shelters Thatch

- Temporary sheds Tree Branches
travelling or nomadic
tribesmen build
usually as a brief
resting place
Agta Under Lean-to Shelters
Retrieved from
Seaside Huts Driftwood

- Raised on stilts over Ocean Debris
water reflecting the
residents’ dependence
on fishermen lifestyle
Badjao Stilt Houses
Retrieved from
Treetop Houses Live Trees

- perched on tall stilts Bamboo Ladders
serving as protection
both from the
elements and hostile
intruders such as wild
animals and opposing
tribesmen
Gaddang tree houses
Retrieved from
House Boats Boat Hulls

- Shelters integrated
into the boats that
reflects the nomadic
lifestyle of seafaring
natives.
Badjao Houseboats
Retrieved from
Mountain Houses High pitched thatch roof

- Usually characterized Rat guards on the stilts
by high pitched
roofing to prevent
water build-up and
consequent moisture.
- Overhangs extends as
much as to cover Ifugao House
window openings to
prevent direct wind Retrieved from

from entering
- Home doubles as
granary
Inverted Houseboat Bamboo Slats

- one-room abode
- resembles an inverted
traditional Isneg boat.
- rectangular form
- prominent gothic-like
bamboo roof that Isneg binuron House
assumes the silhouette Retrieved from
of an upturned boat. http://www.retrato.com.ph/
Islamic Influenced Houses Tree Stumps

- Gable Roof Okir Design
- Royal houses Extended floor beams
- Intricately ornamented decorated with Naga
with Islamic geometry motifs
and floral patterns Tree post columns
The Maranao Torogan with its intricate

decorative carvings
Retrieved from
Table 3 lists down the most common cultural concepts and traits that have overlaps in different
multiple pre-colonial tribes and cultures all throughout the Philippines into six main categories:
Society, Politics, Arts and Literature, Religion, Economy and Architecture. Society, Politics, and
Religion will help determine the programs and activities in the proposal while Arts and Literature,
Religion and Architecture will affect the physical environment and setting of the proposal.
Table 4. Proposed Activities/Programs
Activity Details Example

Martial Training Basic training in

various Filipino
martial arts,
both armed and
unarmed with
either
standardized
foam weapons
or blunted Antonio Luna’s Fencing School
equipment. Retrieved from http://www.retrato.com.ph/
Some Spanish
martial training
can also be
included
Naval Training Visitors can

have the chance
to maneuver
traditional boats
and navigate the
nearby coast
with the aid of
the attending
instructors and
Boatmen on Pasig River, 1834
crew
Scouting People become

more observant
and mindful of
their
environment
when they train
in scouting.
Such skills
develop include
camping,
hunting, and Boy Scouts of the Philippines
wayfinding to
name a few.
Note: Hunting
will only be
artificially
simulated
War games Massive Role-

playing games
that involves
multiple players
in different
teams pitted
against each
other in various
settings such as Live Action Role-Players in Nordic Attire
naval battles and retrieved from http://www.alliancedenver.com
fort sieges
Blacksmithing Visitors may

take up the
mantle of a
blacksmith’s
apprentice to
assist them in
forging
beautiful
masterpieces Ilocano Blacksmiths
and trinkets
Equestrianism Visitors may

learn basic
horseback riding
and horse care
and
maintenance or
they can also
participate in
advanced
classes if they Couple on horseback near Marikina, 1858
can present Retrieved from http://www.retrato.com.ph/

proper
certifications
Carpentry and Boat There are

Building multiple
workshops to
choose from
such as the
boatbuilders
dock, carpenters
shop or even
stalls for
fletchers (bow
makers)
BIcolano Boatmaker in action
Various Folk Craft These may

include textile
and basket
weaving, wood
carving, pottery
making, jewelry
making,
painting and
tattooing.
Ilocano Weavers

Performing Arts Programs and

platforms for
learning about
music, song, and
dancing that are
not limited to
folk arts but also
contemporary
interpretations
Maranao Dance
Costume/Prop Visitors have

Workshops the chance to
create their own
creatures and
costumes by
enrolling in
special effects
department’s
programs Costume-making Studio
Based on table 3, the researcher was able to compile different activities and programs were
proposed in table 4 to help in determining the required spaces and zones in the project proposal.
Figure 13 exhibits the vast Philippine pantheon. This provides the researcher a means to map out
gray areas or overlaps to reduce the creatures and beings through their common characteristics
allowing the information to be funneled into manageable portions for study.
Site Criteria
Natural, Environmental, Physical Factors.
Land Area / Site of Size.
The site should be 175,000 sq. meter as per United Nations Commission of Human Rights
(UNCHR) Camp Planning Standards.
Accessibility.
The site should have access to a major road network and infrastructure such as national
roads allowing unimpeded access to the site especially during inclement weather as per
UNCHR Camp Planning Standards.

Utility and Services.
The site should also be in the vicinity of mainstream services such as electricity, water,
communication and health services to avoid as much as possible the development of
parallel services as per UNCHR Camp Planning Standards.
Site Topography.
The site should be within 5 kilometers from hillsides or mountainsides and bodies of
water. The slope should be in between zero to eighteen percent (0%-18%). Land should be
covered with grass as to prevent build-up of dust. Areas prone to waterlogging during
rainy season should be avoided (Yang, Diez-Roux, 2013)
Climate.
The climate of the location should be Tropical. A tropical climate in the Köppen climate
classification is a non-arid climate in which all twelve months have mean temperatures of
at least 18 °C (64 °F). In tropical climates there are often only two seasons, a wet season
and a dry season (Ressa, 2016).
Wildlife.
The shoreline or riverbanks should include bays to encourage natural wildlife. The site
should be at least 10 km from wildlife parks.
Orientation.
The site should have a waterfront view and hillside vantage points.
Existing Vegetation.
The site should have twin row-evergreen tree 3 or more row-combination of evergreen
trees, deciduous trees/shrubs to provide shade and protection from wind for farmstead,
livestock, noise, and wildlife. This also reduces the effects of dust and soil erosion
(Current, Sackett, Wyatt and Diomy Zamora, n.d.)
Drainage/Hydrology.
The site should be from two to four percent (2%-4%) to allow easy drainage but not more
than ten percent (10%) as to not be exposed to erosion. The site should be located above
flood level at a minimum of 3 meters above the water table, preferably on a gently sloping
area. The site should have water absorbent soil with good infiltration. The site should have
a clear area above the flood level as per Refugee Camp Planning and Construction
Handbook.
Future Expansion Plan.
The site must have at least a reserve of 2 hectares for future expansion.
Legal, Institutional, Administrative, and Aesthetic Factor
Land Use & Zoning.
The site should be within a Tourism (recreation, cultural & eco-tourism) Zone. Also, the
site should be within the limits of the local Comprehensive Land Use Plan.
Transportation.
The site should be accessible not only privately but also publicly via jeepneys, taxis,
tricycles or other means of public transportation.
Water Supply.
The site must be able to be supplied by the city water provider.
Electric / Power Supply.
The site must be able to be supplied by the local electricity provider.
Waste Disposal System.

The site must be able to provide safe, retrievable and secure storage of waste that ensures
protection for workers, the public and the environment.
Socio-Economic and Cultural Factor
Site Potential.
The location should be consistent with the particular style and image of the project. There
should be similar developments nearby such as heritage districts or cultural centers.
Within Urban Area / Central Business District
The site should be located 20 kilometers from the Central Business District.
Catchment Area
The main market for the proposal are city dwellers and students. This should be considered
in establishing if the site is within an adequate distance from such markets. Therefore
educational institutions and cities should be within the catchment area of the proposal.
Site Selection
This establishes a set of basic site selection elements and offers suggested evaluation criteria for
rating the elements.
Table 5
Site Selection. This establishes a set of basic site selection elements and offers suggested
evaluation criteria for rating the elements.
1. Natural, Environmental, Physical Factors

SITE C
SITE A SITE B
CRITERIA (Talima, Olango
(Morong, Bataan) (Jagna, Bohol)
Island)
Land Size 4 3 3
The site should be ~214925 sq.m ~183343 sq.m ~184406 sq.m
175,000 sq. meter as per

United Nations
Commission of Human
Rights (UNCHR) Camp
Planning Standards.
Accessibility 4 3 4
The site should have
access to a major road The site has coastal
The site has scenic
network and roads. Increased
The site has scenic coastal roads.
infrastructure such as accessibility due to
coastal roads. The Increased
national roads allowing presence of
national road going accessibility due to
unimpeded access to the Mactan-Cebu
to Olongapo City presence of
site especially during International
traverses the area. Pinamalayan
inclement weather as Airport and also the
Airport.
per UNCHR Camp Santa Rosa Wharf.
Planning Standards.
Site Topography 3 3 2
The site should be within Site is mostly
Site has rolling
5 kilometers from relatively flat. 0-8%.
terrains and bodies
hillsides or It has a gently Site grade is
of water. Generally
mountainsides and sloping to relatively flat. 0-3%
classified as rugged
bodies of water. The undulating grade slope. Site is
terrain. 0-18%
slope should be in and has a body of bordered by bodies
slope. Higher slopes
between zero to eighteen water. Higher of water.
at its Northeastern
percent (0%-18%). slopes at its
regions.
Northern regions.
Climate 2 3 4
Jagna falls under
type II climate
Bataan has a Mactan island falls
classification. No
distinct dry and wet under type III of the
pronounced dry
seasons as type I in modified Coronas.
The climate of the season but with a
the Coronas system. It is characterized
location should be very pronounced
Two pronounced by a not very
Tropical. A tropical maximum rain
seasons, dry from pronounced or
climate in the Köppen period. Maximum
november to april distinct season. It is
climate classification is a rainfall is observed
and wet during the relatively dry from
non-arid climate in to occur on the
rest of the year. November to April
which all twelve months months of August,
Maximum range is and wet during the
have mean temperatures September and
from june to rest of the year.
of at least 18°C (64°F). October, even
september. Average Average
extending until
temperature is temperature is
December. Average
27.6°C (81.68°F) 25.7°C (78.25°F)
temperature is 26°C
(78°F)
Wildlife 4 4 4
The territories are
arranged in
Barangays Odiong,
as National Park;
The shoreline or A 1998 Bataan
Boctol, as Natural The Tourism zone of
riverbanks should national park
Monument; Olango will be tied
include bays to service recorded
Mayana, as Wildlife down on the nearby
encourage natural 211 species of
Sanctuary; and naturally ensured
wildlife. The site should wildlife. towards
Lonoy, as Strict zone of the Olango
be at least 10 km from the northwestern
Nature Reserve Wildlife Sanctuary
wildlife parks. side of BNP
which includes an
aggregate territory
of 1,863 hectares
Orientation 4 4 4
This side is facing
the Gilutungan
The site is facing the
The site is facing the channel and
Bohol sea and the
The site should have South China Sea Mactan island.
island of Camiguin.
panoramic views such as and abutted by There is a cove to
To the northwest
waterfronts and hillsides. Mount Natib to the the north of the site.
lies the Chocolate
northeast Santa rosa port can
hills
be seen from the
northwest
Vegetation 4 4 3
The coastal of land Naturally grown
The total mangrove
of Bataan is mangroves of 400
forest in Mactan is
composed of rocky stands of Bakhaw
The site should have a 85 hectares. This
hills, brush lands, (Rhizophora sp.)
combination of number is
grasslands and and 30 trunks of
evergreen deciduous distributed at the
plantation forests Pagatpat
trees or shrubs to shoreline along the
planted to various (Sonneratia alba)
provide shade and barangays located
fast-growing forest exist only along the
protection from the wind at the northern and
species, such as coastline of
southern ends of the
giant ipil-ipil and Barangay Can-
city.
gmelina. upao.
Drainage 3 3 2
Slope should be two to Generally classified 14.13% of the total Relatively flat,
four percent (2%-4%) as rugged terrain. land is relatively slight elevation in
but not more than ten 98% of surface is flat, 28.82% is the northeastern
percent (10%). The site less than 30% slope gentle to moderate part. The land is
should be located above and more than 60% slopes, 57.25% is made up entirely of
flood level at a minimum have slopes ranging hills to steep hard coral rock.
of 3 meters above the from 0-18%. Rocky mountains. Sierra– 40% of the area is
Bullones limestone,
occupies 63.77% of
water table, preferably
Jagna’s of rocky terrain.
on a gently sloping area character and coral
Land Area. It is The whole island
as per Refugee Camp patches along the
overlain with white has a ground slope
Planning and coastline.
marl. of 0 – 3%.
Construction Handbook.
2. Legal, Institutional and Administrative

SITE C
SITE A SITE B
Island)
Land Use & Zoning 3 2 4
Agriculture in land
Current and projected
use but with a
zoning and land use
Fisheries/Agriculture provision of
(CLUP) should be Tourism Zone
/Coastal Tourism conversion to
compatible with the use
mixed-used
of the site.
development
Transportation 4 3 4
There are ten private
ports/discharging
Types of
and loading points,
transportation
three of which fall
means in Jagna are
under the Philippine
Motorela, Site can be accessed
The site should be Ports Authority
Motorcycle for from the Mactan-
accessible not only (PPA). It is also a
Hire, Van for Hire, Cebu International
privately but also strategic transport
jeepneys and Airport and then
publicly via jeepneys, route and
Buses. Every type heading to the
taxis, tricycles or other transshipment point
of transportation Santa Rosa Wharf
means of public linking Subic Bay
service has its own via motorised boats
transportation. Metropolitan
organization except and ferries.
Authority (SBMA)
for the bus. There
area and other
is also the Jagna
provinces in Central
Wharf.
Luzon ot Metro
Manila
Water Supply 2 3 2
The site must be able to
Morong Water Jagna Waterworks The Metro Cebu
be supplied by the city
District System Water District
water provider.
Electric/Power Supply 4 4 4
The site must be able to Peninsula Electric Bohol Electric

Mactan Electric
be supplied by the local Cooperative Cooperative
Company
electricity provider. (PENELCO) (BOHECO) II
Waste Disposal System 2 3 2
The site must be able to
provide safe, retrievable
There is no existing
and secure storage of There is no existing
sanitary sewerage
waste that ensures sewerage system. Jagna Waterworks.
system. Under
protection for workers, Under development.
Development.
the public and the
environment.
3. Socio-Economic and Cultural Factor

SITE C
SITE A SITE B
Island)
Site Potential 4 4 2
The island is host to
The location should be There are many a number of old
consistent with the iconic landmarks in Spanish churches
Olango Island’s key
particular style and Bataan such as featuring
features are its
image of the project. World War II Earthquake
wildlife sanctuaries,
There should be similar monuments. Baroque
coral reefs and
developments nearby Heritage Districts architecture. There
diving spots.
such as heritage districts such as Las Casas are also hints of
or cultural centers. Filipinas de Acuzar American Colonial
influences.
Central Business
District and Catchment 3 2 4
Areas
The site should be
~12 kilometers from
located 20 kilometers
~18 kilometers from ~21 kilometers from Cebu City and ~6
from a Central Business
SBMA Area. Jagna Wharf kilometers from
District and catchment
Mactan Island
zones
Selection Elements
SITE C
SITE A SITE B
(Talima, Olango
Elements (Morong, Bataan) (Jagna, Bohol)
Island)
Rating Rating Rating
Natural, 3.5 3.375 3.25
Environmental,
Physical Factors
The site is a very
The site is long The site is
accessible
beachfront area that beachfront area
waterfront area
General Description can easily be facing a cove and
facing a cove and
accessed from the with a flat island
with highly forested
wharf setting.
hillsides
Legal, Institutional,
3.00 3.00 3.20
and Administrative
The area of the site The area of the site The area of the site
is dedicated to is mainly is encouraging
General Description
coastal and agro- agricultural in tourism and wildlife
tourism zoning preservation
Socio-Economic and
3.5 3.00 3.00
Cultural Factor
The site is a
The site is located The site is
developing business
near a mountain accessible to two
district, Bohol also
wildlife reserve and bustling business
has many heritage
prominent heritage districts. Its Island
General Description districts and has
districts and is also setting focuses on
protected forested
in the vicinity of the wildlife and
parks such as the
Central business nature tourism
famous Chocolate
districts programs
Hills.
General Average 3.33 3.125 3.15
Site Profile
Figure 14.
Shows the proposed site highlighted in red on the satellite image map which is near three
beach resorts, namely, Aroma Beach Resort, Auspina Eco-Resort, and Soehae Beach
Camp Resort.
The selected site is a 214925 square meter waterfront lot in the Matikis, Brgy.
Nagbalayong, Morong, Bataan which is highly accessible from the bustling Subic Bay
Freeport Zone which is about 18 kilometers away making travel convenient for commuters
via Subic International Airport or bus and private vehicles along the Olongapo National
Road. The site is in the vicinity of heritage areas such as the war memorials in Mt. Samat
and the Las Casas Filipinas de Acuzar which fits smoothly with the theme of the proposal.
Figure 15.
Shows the planned Economic and Industrial zones and the present airports and seaports in
the regions near Bataan.
It is classified as a Coastal Tourism Zone along with other lands being classified as
fisheries and agriculture. This sets up the immediate area for an ideal coastal fishing
village feel and the zoning laws provide safeguarding filters that prevents the area from
being overdeveloped by urban developers or large scale industrial players and businesses.
This is one of the goals that coastal tourism aims to implement.

Figure 16.
Here is a Topographic Map of Bataan showing the differences in elevation of the regions and the
rugged surface qualities of the terrain. It also outlines the existing road networks of Bataan.
One of the defining features of the site is its topography. It is a combination of gently sloping
mountainside areas and portions flattening out towards the coastline giving visitors a panoramic
view of the area. This presents the proposal an opportunity for a variety of activities presented by
the topographical characteristics of the development. This may include trekking and rock climbing
in the higher regions to swimming and boating activities in the potential marina. Another
advantage of the site would be the natural drainage the slope provides which helps with excess
water-runoff which is a major factor in soil erosion.

Figure 17.
Baby turtles (olive ridleys) may be observed nesting around the shorelines of Morong and Bagac.
The diverse landscape of Morong provides conducive areas for animals to nestle and grow as is
evident in its marine conservatories. Visitors are given the opportunity to witness wildlife while
the agencies are simultaneously imposing strict laws for such interactions to occur accordingly.
Figure 18.
Shown here is the vast forestland in the province which covers forty-eight percent (48%) of the
total land area featuring a plethora of tree species such as the giant Ipil-ipil and Molave.
Bataan’s coastal territory comprises of rich brushlands and fast-growing forest species which
eliminates the need for importing foreign lumber materials and provides developers a sustainable
source of renewable resources. Some species include Narra, Mahogany, Teak, Akle, giant Ipil-ipil,
Eucalyptus, Yemane/Gmelina, A. Margius, A. Auriculiformis to name a few. These forestlands
not only showcases the pristine state that Bataan’s natural resources are in, it also inspires others
to garner respect for the environment which ultimately leads them to build a more sustainable and
symbiotic relationship with their surroundings.

Conclusion
In a world where people will all appear to move at a rate of knots and innovation is paramount, it
will be a refreshing change to see traditional skills and beliefs being utilized as a part of the
workshops and programs, by youngsters who have set aside the opportunity to enlist in the
projects and are keeping conventional aptitudes and customs especially alive. Folklore is a
portrayal of culture and custom. It mirrors the ethical estimation of a specific culture and society.
Folklore as a subject in early school training could be a viable good instruction that is without any
religious or otherworldly sentiment. These stories have significant messages of morals and
character since they are with simplified and straightforward explanations while on the other hand,
camp builds social associations. Camp companions progress toward becoming companions for
life. Youngsters become friends with other people who now and then are people seen as not quite
the same as themselves. They figure out how to determine clashes in a positive way. Campers
have a feeling of having a place and build up a feeling of pride in their camp. Camp opens kids to
the natural world. Current research have observed into the time spent in a natural environment is
as fundamental to children's physical, mental, enthusiastic and profound improvement as
sustenance and recuperation. Campers learn to appreciate how to regard and value their general
surroundings. They analyze how to secure the earth and grow naturally well disposed states of
mind. Camp empowers kids to live basically. Strict and straightforward schedules in a camp
situation enable children to both suspect and appreciate the camping vacation. At a certain point,
when life is stripped of mobile phones, television and computer-based long range informal
communication, youth can discover important core values whereupon fruitful lives are founded
upon. Camp gives a protected, secure, strong and healthy environment. In the wake of taking an
interest in an entire day of constant movement outdoors and getting a charge out of regular,
nutritious meals, campers are prepared for a good night's rest whether in their camp lodge or tent
or at home following a bustling camp day. Camp forms character and confidence. Emulating the
example of camp pioneers, kids move toward becoming cooperative, mindful and circumspect
individuals from the camp group. As they learn how to appreciate novel encounters, obtain new
abilities and adapt autonomously far from home, they turn out to be more fit and sure. Returning
campers create authority aptitudes. Sixty-nine percent (69%) of the members in the CSCRP have
experienced positive advancement in the territory of enthusiastic insight i.e. the capacity to
perceive and manage one's claim feelings and the feelings of others at an age fitting level. Camp
instructs aptitudes. The "harder" abilities like cruising, trekking, boating and climbing move
toward becoming relaxation interests for a lifetime while the "softer" aptitudes like cooperation,
sharing, thought, compromise and fearlessness are both transferable and long lasting. Camp is a
place to encounter fun, chuckling, contemplation and satisfaction. Camp gives a refuge or help and
reprieve from the weights, requests, calendars and stress, which over and over again are a reality
of young people's everyday lives. Laughter and enjoyment are as essential to holistic well-being
and health as medication or treatment.

References
A. Devdutt Pattanaik
Appendices
Appendix 1
Interview transcript 1
Interviewer: Student
Interviewee: Associate Head of Mechanical Engineering
Interview Setting: Interview conducted in office of [professor's] office in the mechanical
engineering building. The interview was conducted at 3:30 PM on Wednesday afternoon.
Affiliation with interviewee: Professor has been my professor for two classes. I have also
spoken with him privately regarding attending graduate school and areas of study.
(Start of Interview)
Interviewer: Particularly in regard to design and development, what are your duties as a
mechanical engineer?
Interviewee: Do you mean before I took this position or in this position.
Interviewer: Both.
Interviewee: In my position I have now, about half of my time is devoted to counseling and
registration and other issues like that. About thirty to forty percent of my time is involved with
teaching, doing preparation, helping out in the labs, and helping students. About five to ten
percent of my time is spent being involved in academic committees and working with
administrative items.
Interviewer: Do you do any research?
Interviewee: Most of my research is education-related. I have a grant from the National Science
Foundation to put some CNC machines in the student labs to teach students.
Interviewer: What types of research did you do before when you were an associate professor?
Interviewee: I worked primarily with acoustics and noise control, with my emphasis being in
active noise and vibration control. I worked with the aircraft fuselage and all of the vibrations and
noises created in there and limiting their effects on the cockpit. Of course, automobile engines are
also very noisy being so close to the driver. I also worked with compressors. I worked with really
small compressors to really big compressors. I worked on small refrigeration units using passive
and active control techniques. You’d be surprised at how big an issue refrigerator noise is
overseas, in Europe and Asia with their tight living conditions. I also worked with huge engine
compressors of up to sixty horsepower. That’s really big for a university, you know. I also worked
with reciprocating compressors, screw compressors, scroll compressors, and rotary compressors.
Interviewer: Most of your current grants are education-related though, correct?
Interviewee: That’s right, most of them are related to education. But I don’t have much time in this
job now to do that though. I feel that I need to teach with this job, because I need to have that link
to the curriculum and the students.
Interviewer: How much contact have you had with industry?
Interviewee: I had quite a bit of contact when I worked as an associate professor. I spent quite a bit
of time at the Herrick Labs. I worked with a couple of United Technologies companies, Sikorkey
Helicopter and Carrier Corporation, who does refrigeration, Aspera, which is an Italian company
that makes compressors, General Motors, and some governmental work.
Appendix 2
Survey Questionairre
Appendix 3
Maps
Figure 5.
This is the Land Use Map of Oakland California.
Appendix 4
Site Pictures
Figure 6. Deforestation for a palm oil plantation in Sumatra, Indonesia. Such practices are starting
up in Palawan.
Appendix 5
Etc……
Note: Only pertinent data should be within the Appendices. Do NOT include lengthy laws or
codes.
Manuscript ENDS here
This should be AFTER the Manuscript. Add a black hard construction paper prior to this
page.
Architectural Design Development
1. Design Brief Similar

Designs
Pertaini
execute
solution
2. Definition of Terms List of
architec
3. Project Objectives Genera
architec
-
4. Design Objectives Archite
Project
Design
Objecti
-
5. Design Considerations Conside
-
6. Design Criteria Archite
corresp
7. Design Philosophy May be
8. Design Concept May inc
concept
9. Innovations and Building Technologies applied All the
technol
10. Provisions of the Laws Excerpt
Laws
11. Structural Concepts Structu

comput
12. Feasibility / Cost Analysis Please s

depend
13. Architectural Space Space Allocation and Programming
Programming
Architectural Design Development
Design Brief
Background
A Museum is often seen as an important civic building and a cultural landmark. Museums
usually have clear statements on their reason for being. A museum is distinguished by a
collection of often unique objects that forms the core of its activities for exhibitions,
education, research, etc. The traditional statement includes mission to:
● Preserve – conservation of collections which, as an example, would require maintaining
constant temperature and relative humidity to protect the object and to minimize any
deterioration, et. al.
● Protect – safeguard the museum’s collections by employing various security designs.
● Exhibit –public showing of the collections meant to educate, etc.
However, there are significant variations between museums beyond these. Some are
“collecting” institutions; some have static collection, others do not collect as core activity.
Some museums have strong emphasis on education, with art schools being an integral part
of the facilities.
Statement of the Problem
Clark Freeport zone is in need of a Museum. This museum will house resident or
permanent art collections and shall be able to accommodate other artworks from other
museums, galleries or collectors.
Definition of Terms
Alphabetical
● Museum - is a building, place or institution devoted to the acquisition, conservation,
study, exhibition and educational interpretation of collections having scientific,
historical or artistic value.
Logical Framework for Architectural Design Development
Table 1
This table shows the interrelationship of the objectives, considerations and criteria set by the
researcher
Project Objectives Design Objectives Design Design Criteria
Consideration
To be a cultural To design a museum Aesthetic Experience Aesthetic choices will
reference point that is that will secure the support and reflect the
stimulating for attention and interest theme and tone of the
everybody and not at of diverse audiences exhibition. Design
all just a static place. (e.g. Millennial motifs are well
Generation) and not thought out and
just solely for the art consistent throughout
enthusiasts. exhibition.
To create a To plan a museum Monumental Approach the
development aimed to that will be an Character character in such a
be a multidiscipline excellent design way that only formal
hub for contemporary reference for future (shape, space, light)
culture, with an museums of and expressive (style,
esteem and quality contemporary art. symbolism)
that could be a considerations are
potential benchmark essential and are put
in the socio-cultural into use.
sphere in Pampanga.
To bring closer and To design a museum Adaptability to The Museum is to
involve all of those that is flexible to Technology adapt the iBeacon
interested to evolution and change technology as a way
contemporary art and by adapting new for guests to interact
sensible to the fast technologies and with museum experts.
revolution of emerging art forms Through its iOS app,
expressive forms. and collections. guests can ask
questions about an
artwork or for
recommendations on
what to see, and get a
real-time response.
Note: There are only three (3) Projects Objectives that will be correlated to the three (3) Design
Objectives. The Design Considerations will have to be equated, on the other hand, to the Design
Criteria. The number of Design Considerations and Design Criteria would have to be determined
by the researcher i.e. it’s not only limited to 3.
Design Philosophy
“The mother art is architecture. Without architecture of our own we have no soul of our own
civilization.”
Explanation:
There is a need for buildings to be more fluid, more open, more livable, and less restrained.
Buildings should be from the earth and for the earth. Architecture should push the envelope with
contemporary philosophical approach to the future of building. (Add more to the context. Make
sure it’s your own explanation to the philosophy. If the Philosophy was adapted from a certain
person, cite the reference and provide your own rationalization as to why the philosophy was
adapted)
Design Concept
The planning museum is envisioned to be a new civic sculpture for the city located at the heart of
the main the governmental district. The sculptural nature of the building ties to the existing
network of sculptural elements and parks placed throughout the city. The building becomes a
technological bloom as the massing opens towards the main parks to the west. The form of the
building takes inspiration from the nautical influences and seeks to become a symbol of
technological progress and green evolution.
Figure 1. This initial sketch shows the conceptual building morphology of the museum.
The lighting scheme will be symbolic of a blooming flower- the main golden glow facing west
towards the government buildings and the CBD. The inner aluminum façade layer uses a polymer
coating that increases insulation values by 10-20 percent, and provides marine and fungal
resistance.
Fi
gure 24. This initial sketch shows the organic influence of the museum.
These nano-coatings are really nothing more than simple paints and will provide dramatic
performance with minimal cost. The use of the self-cleaning nano-coating on the façade will keep
the skin clean of all dirt and organic stains for years without any maintenance. The building also
minimizes east west facades and pulls all entries away from the northern winds to maximize
passive solar ideas. The government hopes the project will inspire green ideas and further
sustainable design in the city.
Innovations and Building Technologies Applied
The Pen
Figure 25. This Equipment that replaces structural boxes called the “Pen” is a robust piece of
consumer equipment / furniture / hardware by Sistelnetworks, a Spanish company that provides
products and solutions for the wireless industry
The new feature in the museum further enhances the experience by letting patrons “collect” and
“save” objects from around the galleries. The Immersion Room on the second floor uses digital
and projection technologies to bring the museum’s collection of wallcoverings, the largest and
most significant collections. It allows the patrons to browse hundreds of high-resolution digitized
wallpapers and see them projected at full-scale, floor-to-ceiling on the surrounding walls. An
interactive Pen allows patrons to sketch their designs, adjust the colors and manipulate repeat
patterns, and see them projected on the walls. The Selected wallcoverings are accompanied by
brief audio commentary with designers, who share design insights and inspiration.
In the dynamic and interactive Process Lab, visitors can brainstorm design solutions through
hands-on and digital activities. The Process Lab emphasizes how design is a way of thinking,
planning and problem solving, and provides a foundation for the rest of the design concepts on
view in the museum.
Figure 25. The Solar Activated Façade
SAF is an ideal wall construction for very energy efficient buildings also maximizing solar
energy use. Conventional facades attempt to de-couple the building interior from the exterior. The
SAF façade offers another solution: the creation of a sun-warmed buffer. This buffer effect begins
at sunrise and holds well past sunset. In this manner building heat losses are dramatically reduced.
The annual energy balance of a highly insulated wall can be matched with only half the wall
thickness.
The core of the concept is a solid wood absorber with slanted, horizontal slits. A back-
vented glass façade protects the wood from the elements and helps preserve the thermal buffering
effect. Behind the absorber is an insulated, conventional wooden or masonry structural wall. The
SAF wall is an exciting architectural element giving a building a special, individual identity. Solar
radiation from the low winter sun is transmitted through the glass facade and absorbed in the
louver-structured wooden absorber. Slowly the wood is warmed during the daylight hours. After
sunset, during the next four to twelve hours the wood slowly cools down.
Structural Concepts
The City of Milwaukee is looking for a “strong architectural statement in an exciting yet
functional building” that would “set an architectural standard for the next millennium”
The design features a large pavilion containing a glass-enclosed reception hall with a transparent,
boat-like prow facing the lake, as well as a huge, operable wing-like Brise-Soleil sunscreen
Figure 26. The Finite Element
Model
Structural Feature is a Finite Element Model. The complexity of the Quadracci Pavilion
required that the mat foundation slab, pavilion, A-frames, ring beams, and Burke Brise-Soleil be
designed through a detailed finite element model analysis
Figure 27. A quick study of a partial building section reveals the clever arrangement of pinned
concrete arch elements which transfers structural loads to the foundation wall and center beam.
Figure 28. The mildly-reinforced concrete pavilion supports the back stay beam and east pier of
the pedestrian bridge, as well as the A-frames and building spine that in turn support the moveable
Burke Brise-Soleil
Figure 29. The cable-stayed bridge pylon and the Quadracci Pavilion’s building spine are aligned
on the same axis and are inclined 48.36 degrees toward the Pavilion
Provisions of the Laws
PD1096 National Building Code of the Philippines
(Note: Please do not “Copy-Paste” the entire IRR of the Codes / Law or Ordinances
applicable to your proposal. Take the particular highlights from the codes. ONLY
EXISTING NATIONAL LAWS and CODES are placed on this section. If the Law or
Code is INTERNATIONAL in nature then it can be placed here as long as the
PHILIPPINES regards and accepts these set of rules as it is binding the relations of the
Philippines between states and between nations. Items from TIME SAVERS are NOT
placed here. They should be on the Results Section, Design Standards)

BP 344 or Batas Pambansa 344 An Act to Enhance the Mobility of Disabled Persons
by requiring Certain Buildings, Institutions, Establishments and Public Utilities to
Install Facilities and other devices
● The dimensional data of the technical aids of disabled persons. Included in the second
consideration are the dimensions of wheelchairs; the minimum spaces needed for
locking and unlocking leg braces plus the range of the distance of crutches and other
walking aids from persons using such devices. (ADD Figures if needed)
● In determining the minimum dimensions for furniture and fixtures accessible to
disabled persons, the following anthropometrics data shall serve as guides for design:
The length of wheelchairs varies from 1.10 m to 1.30 m . The width of wheelchairs is
from 0.60 m to 0.75 m. A circle of 1.50 m in diameter is a suitable guide in the
planning of wheelchair turning spaces. The comfortable reach of persons confined to
wheelchairs is from 0.70 m to 1.20 m above the floor and not less than 0.40 m from
room corners. The comfortable clearance for knee and leg space under tables for
wheelchair users is 0.70 m.
Feasibility / Cost Analysis
Option A: For Projects whose proponents are from the Private sector, the researcher should be
able to provide a Cost Analysis or a Computation showing how and when will the Return on
Investment, or ROI, which is the most common profitability ratio, be achieved. Usually, in order
to attain this, the researcher must be able to establish first how much would be the Project Cost or
a capital expenditure (CAPEX) and then a computation of the Gross Revenue or earnings and
Operating expenditures (OPEX). There are several ways in order to determine ROI, the
following are JUST examples and NOT LIMITED TO:

I. Using the Formula:
Before using the formula, calculate first the Project Cost and/or CAPEX, Gross
Revenue and OPEX. For example, suppose Mr. Rodriguez invested Php1000 in the construction
of a commercial building in 2010 and gained net revenue of Php1200 a year later. To calculate the
return on his investment, he would divide his profits (Php1200- Php1000 = Php200) by the
investment cost (Php1000), for a ROI of P200/P1000, or 20%.
II. Determine how many years pending ROI:
Method 1:
Step1: Compute for the Potential Project Cost (PPC):
• To compute for the PPC, get first the TGFA which will give you the # of storeys and
the maximum PSO.
• PPC can be computed using Budgetary Estimate.
Step 2: Compute for
Project Cost (PC) &
Construction Cost (CC)

Using the PC & CC formulas
• By Deductive method, one can attain the following values
1) Direct Cost
2) Material Cost
3) etc….
Say, if the cost/m2 is P25,000/m2
• For C-2 (with sprinkler system & firewalls), the TGFA is 12 storeys x 85% of TLA. If the
TLA is 10,000 m2, then the TGFA is 104,000 m2.
Project Cost (PC)
= 2,600,000,000+ 15% of 2,600,000,000
PC = P 2,990,000,000
Assign variables to get the Construction Cost.
Project Cost (PC)
= Construction Cost + Architectural and Engineering (AE) fees
Note: AE is 15% of CC.
= CC + AE
= CC + .15CC
P 2,990,000,000 = 1.15CC
CC = P2,600,000,000
Step 3: Substitute the computed CC value to get the Direct cost & finally Material Cost
Construction Cost
= Direct Cost (A + B) + Indirect Cost (1.10 of AB)
Note: Direct cost is sum of materials (A) and labor (B = 30% of A).
= (A + 0.30A) + [1.10(A + 0.30A)]
= 1.30A + 1.43A
= 2.73A
P2,600,000,000 = 2.73A
A = P 952,380,952.38095 (material cost)
Step 4: Bill of Materials
Components of Estimate:
For the ROI:
In order to
arrive to the recommended 5 – 7 years of payback period as well as realistic yearly target
amount, do a Phase by Phase development approach for the cost analysis.
Method 2:
Usually presented in a tabular format, determine the Project Cost and/or CAPEX, Gross
Revenue and OPEX. Subtract the Yearly OPEX from the Yearly Gross Revenue. The difference
(Net Revenue) would be then divided to the Project Cost, hence giving you the years pending
ROI. An example is given below after determining the above-mentioned variables:
SUMMARY: Project Cost – Php12,000,000
Yearly Gross Revenue – Php 1,500,000
Yearly OPEX – Php 750,000
Yearly Gross Revenue - Yearly OPEX = Php 750,000 (Net Income)
Project Cost / Net Revenue = 16 years

You may use your own technique in determining the ROI.
The researcher should determine the Proponents on this section. The determination of the
proponent could establish the financial feasibility of the project.
Option B: For Government-Funded Projects, the researcher should be able to show how much
the Project would amount. NO detailed estimates or Bill of materials. NO Cost Analysis (ROI),
only an estimated amount of the project. The researcher should, likewise, determine in
particular the Government agency, LGU, etc. that is to sponsor the proposal. It would help if
the researcher could determine the answer to questions in relation to financing the proposal.
Examples:
● How much from the budget of DepEd would be allocated to your project?
● Is the allotted Budget by the Government sufficient enough to fund your proposal?
● What is the government’s allotment on the National budget for DOH this year? How much
is the DOH allotting for building projects?
● If the Local Government Unit is to fund the project, what is the IRA (Internal Revenue
Allotment) for the particular province, municipality or city?
Option C: For PPP, P3, or Public Private Partnership Projects, the researcher is to provide a
Cost Analysis as well (refer to the requirements of OPTION A) since usually the private party is
still the one that provides a public service or project and assumes substantial financial,
technical and operational risk in the project.
Architectural Space Programming

(Note: Format in the Space Programming MAY VARY depending on the requirements and nature
of the project.)
Diagrams (optional)
Medical Tourism Park
Spa & Center for Medical Center Recreational Administrative

Wellness Traditional & Facilities Building &
Center Alternative Support
Medicine Amenities
Figure 25. This diagram shows the number of buildings, facilities and amenities within the
Medical Tourism Park.
Space Programming
Table 2
This table shows the allocation, relationships and programming of architectural spaces
within the project
(Format may Vary: Please consult your Thesis Adviser)
Architectural Space Programming

Space Function Zoning Furniture Accessible to Guidelines in Remarks /
Requirements Activities / Fixtures the following Space Figures
occupants Allocation /
Floor Area /
Dimensions
A. Medical Center
A.1. Administrative Offices
A.1.1.1. Receiving Semi Reception Receptionist / 5.02/staff Ceiling Height
Reception Area -Private Desk Clients should be
Computer 3.00m.
A.1.1.2. x Semi Receptionist / 5.02/staff x
Reservations -Private Clients
Area
A.1.1.3. x Private Physicians 9.00 x
Resident
Doctor’s
Offices
A.1.1.5. x Private Finance unit 5.02/staff x
Finance staff
A.1.1.6. x Private Accountants 5.02/staff x
Accounting
GENERAL NOTES:
General Guidelines:
APA format
8.5” x 11” paper
1” margin on all sides
Times New Roman, size 12
APA Citation Guide

Retrieved from: http://guides.libraries.psu.edu/apaquickguide/intext
Using In-text Citation

Include an in-text citation when you refer to, summarize, paraphrase, or quote from another source. For
every in-text citation in your paper, there must be a corresponding entry in your reference list.
APA in-text citation style uses the author's last name and the year of publication, for example: (Field,
2005). For direct quotations, include the page number as well, for example: (Field, 2005, p. 14). For
sources such as websites and e-books that have no page numbers, use a paragraph number.
Example paragraph with in-text citation:

A few researchers in the linguistics field have developed training programs designed to
improve native speakers' ability to understand accented speech (Derwing, Rossiter, &
Munro, 2002; Thomas, 2004). Their training techniques are based on the research
described above indicating that comprehension improves with exposure to non-native
speech. Derwing et al. (2002) conducted their training with students preparing to be social
workers, but note that other professionals who work with non-native speakers could
benefit from a similar program.
References:
Derwing, T. M., Rossiter, M. J., & Munro, M. J. (2002). Teaching native speakers to listen
to foreign-accented speech. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 23(4),
245-259.
Thomas, H. K. (2004). Training strategies for improving listeners' comprehension of

foreign-accented speech (Doctoral dissertation). University of Colorado, Boulder.
Citing Web Pages In Text

Cite web pages in text as you would any other source, using the author and date if known. If the author is
not known, use the title and the date as the in-text citation (for long titles just use the first few words).
Your in-text citation should lead your reader to the corresponding entry in the reference list. For sources
with no date use n.d. (for no date) in place of the year: (Smith, n.d.). Below are examples of using in-
text citation with web pages.
Web page with author:

In-text citation:
Role-play can help children learn techniques for coping with bullying (Kraiser, 2011).
Reference entry:
Kraizer, S. (2011). Preventing bullying. Retrieved from
http://safechild.org/categoryparents/preventing-bullying/
Web page with no author:

In-text citation:
The term Nittany Lion was coined by Penn State football player Joe Mason in 1904 (All
things Nittany, 2006).
Reference entry:
All things Nittany. (2006). Retrieved from
http://www.psu.edu/ur/about/nittanymascot.html
Web page with no date:
In-text citation:
Establishing regular routines, such as exercise, can help survivors of disasters recover from
trauma (American Psychological Association [APA], n.d.).
Reference entry:
American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Recovering emotionally from disaster.
Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/recovering-disasters.aspx
General Guidelines
In-text references should immediately follow the title, word, or phrase to which they are directly relevant,
rather than appearing at the end of long clauses or sentences. In-text references should always precede
punctuation marks. Below are examples of using in-text citation.
I. Author's name in parentheses:

One study found that the most important element in comprehending non-native speech is
familiarity with the topic (Gass & Varonis, 1984).
II. Author's name part of narrative:

Gass and Varonis (1984) found that the most important element in comprehending non-
native speech is familiarity with the topic.
III. Group as author:
First citation: (American Psychological Association [APA], 2015)
Subsequent citation: (APA, 2015)
IV. Multiple works: (separate each work with semi-colons)

Research shows that listening to a particular accent improves comprehension of accented
speech in general (Gass & Varonis, 1984; Krech Thomas, 2004).
V. Direct quote: (include page number)

One study found that “the listener's familiarity with the topic of discourse greatly
facilitates the interpretation of the entire message” (Gass & Varonis, 1984, p. 85).
or
Gass and Varonis (1984) found that “the listener’s familiarity with the topic of discourse
greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message” (p. 85).
VI. For direct quotations of more than 40 words

Display the quote as an indented block of text without quotation marks and include the authors’
names, year, and page number in parentheses at the end of the quote. For example:
This suggests that familiarity with nonnative speech in general, although it is clearly not as
important a variable as topic familiarity, may indeed have some effect. That is, prior
experience with nonnative speech, such as that gained by listening to the reading,
facilitates comprehension. (Gass & Varonis, 1984, p. 77)
VII. Works by Multiple Authors

APA style has specific rules for citing works by multiple authors. Use the following guidelines to
determine how to correctly cite works by multiple authors in text.
Note: When using multiple authors' names as part of your narrative, rather than in parentheses, always
spell out the word and. For multiple authors' names within a parenthetic citation, use &.
● One author: (Field, 2016)
● Two authors: (Gass & Varonis, 1984)
● Three to five authors:
First citation: (Tremblay, Richer, Lachance, & Cote, 2016)
Subsequent citations: (Tremblay et al., 2010)
● Six or more authors: (Norris-Shortle et al., 2016)
VIII. How to Cite a Video on YouTube
APA format Structure:
Last Name, F.M. [Username]. (Year, Month Date). Title
of video. [Video File]. Retrieved from URL.
Reference entry:
[GEICO Insurance]. (2013, May 22). GEICO hump day camel commercial – happier than a camel
on Wednesday. [Video File]. Retrieved from http://youtu.be/kWBhP0EQ1lA.
IX. Newspaper Articles (Online News)

● In-Text Citation (Paraphrase): (Author Surname, Year)
● In-Text Citation (Quotation): (Author Surname, Year, page number)

Reference Entry:
Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year, Month Day). Article title: Subtitle.
Newspaper Title, page range. Retrieved from URL [if viewed online]
Example:
According to Agence France-Presse (2017), the countries with the lowest e-waste
generators with an average of about one kilogram for each person are Cambodia, Vietnam
and the Philippines.
Agence France-Presse (2017) also noted that “Electronic waste is rising sharply across
Asia as higher incomes allow hundreds of millions of people to buy smartphones and other
gadgets, with serious consequences for human health and the environment” (p.1).
Reference Entry:
Agence France-Presse. (2017, January 15). Article title: E-waste rising dangerously in Asia – UN
study.
GMA News Online, p.1. Retrieved from
http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/595860/scitech /technology /e- waste-rising-
dangerously-in-asia-un-study
X. Citing an e-book from an E-reader or E-books

E-book is short for “electronic book.” It is a digital version of a book that can be read on a
computer, e-reader (Kindle, Nook, etc.), or other electronic device.
APA format structure:
Author, A.A..(Year of Publication). Title of work [E-Reader Version]. Retrieved from
http://xxxx or doi:xxxx
APA format example:
In 2008, Eggers mentioned that the world deserves nothing less and will not wait.
or
The world deserves nothing less and will not wait (Eggers, 2008).
Reference Entry:
Eggers, D. (2008). The circle [Kindle Version]. Retrieved from http://www.amazon.com/
XI. Magazine (Print and Online)
Citing a magazine article in print

Author, A.A..(Year, month of Publication).Article title. Magazine Title,Volume(Issue),
pp.-pp.
Reference Entry:
Tumulty, K. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15), 3-40.
Notes: When citing a magazine in APA, keep in mind:

● You can find the volume number with the other publication information of the magazine.
● You can typically find page numbers at the bottom corners of a magazine article.
● If you cannot locate an issue number, simply don’t include it in the citation
Citing a magazine article found online

Author, A.A.. (Year, Month of Publication). Article title. Magazine
Title,Volume(Issue),Retrieved from http://xxxx
Reference Entry:
Tumulty, K. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15) Retrieved
from http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1179361,00.html
Notes: When creating an online magazine citation, keep in mind:

● The volume and issue number aren’t always on the same page as the article. Check out the
other parts of the website before leaving it out of the citation.
XII. Journal Article (Print and Online)
Citing a journal article in print

Author, A.A..(Publication Year).Article title. Periodical Title, Volume(Issue), pp.-
pp.
Reference Entry:
Nevin, A. (1990). The changing of teacher education special education. Teacher
Education and Special Education: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division
of the Council for Exceptional Children, 13(3-4), 147-148.
Citing a journal article found online

Author, A.A..(Publication Year).Article title. Periodical Title, Volume(Issue), pp.-
pp. doi:XX.XXXXX or Retrieved from journal URL
APA format example:
Jameson, J. (2013). E-Leadership in higher education: The fifth “age” of

educational technology research. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(6),
889-915. doi: 10.1111/bjet.12103
Notes: When creating your online journal article citation, keep in mind:

● APA does NOT require you to include the date of access/retrieval date or database
information for electronic sources.
● You can use the URL of the journal homepage if there is no DOI assigned and the
reference was retrieved online.
● Example: Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1467-
8535;jsessionid=956132F3DE76EEB120577E99EE74CE9C.f04t01
● A DOI (digital object identifier) is an assigned number that helps link content to it’s
location on the Internet. It is therefore important, if one is provided, to use it when
creating a citation. All DOI numbers begin with a 10 and are separated by a slash.
XIII. Film
Citing a film/Citing a movie
Producer, A.A. (Producer), & Director, A.A. (Director).(Release Year). Title of
motion picture [Motion Picture]. Country of Origin: Studio
Reference Entry:
Bender, L. (Producer), & Tarantino, Q. (Director).(1994). Pulp fiction [Motion
Picture]. United States: Miramax.
XIV. APA Interview Citation

Important Note on Personal Interviews:
● A personal interview should NOT be included in a reference list in APA. They are
not considered recoverable data (they cannot be found by a researcher). You
should reference personal interviews as in-text citations instead.
● Example: (J. Doe, personal communication, December 12, 2004)
● That being said, there is a general structure if you want to cite a personal
interview as part of your APA works cited list:
Author, A.A.. (Year, Month Date). Interview type.
Example:
Marino, B. (2014, October 18). Personal Interview.
XV. Lecture
This style of reference would be used if you were citing a set of notes from a lecture (e.g.
PowerPoint or Google slides provided by your instructor).
Citing online lecture notes or presentation slides

Author, A.A..(Publication Year).Name or title of lecture [file format]. Retrieved
from URL
Reference Entry:
Saito, T. (2012). Technology and me: A personal timeline of educational
technology [Powerpoint slides]. Retrieved from
http://www.slideshare.net/Bclari25/educational-technology-ppt
Tip: If you want to cite information from your own personal notes from a lecture as personal
communication and refer to it only in the body of your essay.
XVI. TV/Radio Broadcast
Citing an episode from TV or radio show

Writer, A.A.(Writer), & Director, A.A. (Director). (Year of Airing).Episode title
[Television series episode]. In Executive Producer, A.A. (Executive Producer), TV
series name. City, State of original channel: Channel.
Reference Entry:
Kang, K. (Writer), &Fryman, P. (Director). (2006). Slap bet [Television series
episode]. In Bays, C. (Executive Producer), How I met your mother Los Angeles,
CA: Columbia Broadcasting System.
Note: When citing a TV show or episode, keep in mind:
● IMDB is a great resource for finding the information needed for your citation (Director,
Writer, Executive Producer, etc.) This information can also be found in the opening and
closing credits of the show.
XVII. Photographs
Citing a photograph
Photographer, A.A..(Photographer). (Year, Month Date of Publication).
Title of photograph [photograph]. City, State of publication:
Publisher/museum.
Reference Entry:
Roege, W.J. (Photographer). (1938). St. Patrick’s cathedral, fifth avenue
from 50th street to 51st street [photograph]. New York, NY: New-York
Historical Society.
Citing a photograph retrieved online

Photographer, A.A..(Photographer). (Year, Month Date of Publication).
Title of photograph [digital image]. Retrieved from http://xxxxx
APA format example:
Ferraro, A. (Photographer). (2014, April 28). Liberty enlightening the world
[digital image]. Retrieved from
https://www.flickr.com/photos/afer92/14278571753/in/set-
72157644617030616

Ang Bagong Biringan Retracing The Filipi

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Ang Bagong Biringan:

Joshua Mojica Velasquez

Holy Angel University

Keywords: Philippine Mythology, folklore, adventure, culture, campsite, Filipino Identity

Ang Bagong Biringan:

mythology is systematic study of beliefs (subject truths) of communities expressed in stories,

it could spread to a wider population.

murder (Clark, 2015)

● To dispel stigmas about creatures and figures of Philippine Folklore.

● To highlight/enhance the natural features of the province by coupling them with

complimentary activities and amenities.

experiences to future generations to come. This proposal aims to be an amalgamation of intangible

constructs to a physical and visual exhibition of the Filipino Spirit.

areas, and basic sports and recreation facilities.

Philippines’ colonial past.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Primary Data - Identify the project objectives vis a

▪ To design spaces for

and figures of Philippine Folklore.

- Develop and design (proposed

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework

literature materials that covers philippine mythology and related folklore.

participants include technical and organizations or professional agencies such as government

officials, organization heads, architects, and engineers.

folklore. In fact, he is the coordinator of the Folklore Studies Program of UPD.

Arigo Adrian Soliman is a graduate of University of the Philippines Diliman wherein he

at Sutherland Global Services, a managing director at KapamPares, an instructional designer at

media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter.

appointments will then be made to take records and written accounts.

Data Analysis Plan

alternative method for a researcher to bring into effective action.

Results and Discussion

Anthropology at the University of the Philippines Diliman. He specializes in Historical

Anthropology, Social Anthropology, and Religion/Intangible Heritage Studies. He is currently the

mundong ilalim (underworld). These layers sometimes interact. Everything is connected

himself as businessman, a neuroscientist, and a memorologist focused on the development of the

to consider in the project:

Awareness is the quality of conscious perception, or comprehension of events (Alleydog, n.d.).

friends, viva-voce or word of mouth, and mainstream media.

Figure 2. Venn Diagram

exhibits different levels of verifiability and accessibility of information.

family/friend model is simply Individual-Relatives-Friends which makes it easier to fact-check

conveyance of information in viva-voce method can be interpreted as Individual-Relatives-

Friends-Acquaintance-Third Party. There is a balance in both credibility of information and extent

Public Stereotyping of Story Characters

Figure 3. Venn Diagram

Hierarchy of Implementing Bodies

Figure 4. Pyramid Chart

stones that ratifies such implements.

Hierarchy of Implementing Bodies

Figure 5. Venn Diagram

Survey and Analysis

Household Exposure to Superstition

Figure 6. Pie Chart

topics and discussions.

Figure 7. Pie Chart

Belief in Paranormal/Supernatural Entities

Figure 8. Pie Chart

Figure 9. Pie Chart

Figure 10. Pie Chart

respondents) as unaware as seen in figure 10.