Session 7: MUSCULAR SYSTEM (Part 1)

1. The _________ is the functional unit of skeletal muscle because it is the smallest
portion capable of __________ *
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a. muscle fiber, receiving a stimulus

b. muscle fiber, contracting
c. sarcomere, contracting
d. sarcomere, receiving a stimulus

2. All of the following describe the characteristics of acetylcholine, except: *

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a. is the neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction.

b. is broken down by acetylcholinesterase.
c. binds to receptors on the presynaptic terminal.
d. causes an influx of sodium ions into the muscle cell when bound to its receptor.

3. The myosin myofilaments are anchored into the cytoskeleton of the cell by the . *
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a. M line
b. Z disks
c. A band
d. I band
e. H zone

4. Muscle fibers: (Select all that apply) *

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a. have a relatively high metabolic rate

b. depend upon large amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide
c. contain small numbers of mitochondria
d. preferentially use aerobic respiration

5. Which of the following pertains to actin myofilaments? *

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a. resemble bundles of minute golf clubs.

b. are attached to Z lines at one end.
c. form the I band where actin overlaps with myosin myofilaments.
d. form the epimysium.
e. have all of these characteristics.

6. Which of the following statements is FALSE? *

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a. The resting potential of a cell develops because the cell membrane is more permeable to K+
than it is to most other ions.
b. The concentration of Na+ is higher inside the cell than outside.
c. Potassium ions only diffuse down their gradient until the charge difference across the
membrane is great enough (electrical equilibrium) to prevent additional diffusion.
d. Potassium's tendency to diffuse out is opposed by the attractive forces of the negative charge
inside the cell.
e. The sodium-potassium exchange pump maintains the normal resting concentrations of ions on
either side of the cell membrane.

7. In a resting cell, K+ ions have a higher concentration the cell, which results in the net
movement of K+ of the cell. *
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a. inside; out
b. outside; into
c. inside; into
d. outside; out

8. In skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation, calcium ions: *

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a. bind to myosin myofilaments.

b. are returned to the sarcoplasmic reticulum by active transport.
c. are released from the T tubules by active transport.
d. provide the energy for muscle contraction.
e. have both bind to myosin myofilaments and are returned to the sarcoplasmic reticulum by
active transport as normal properties.

9. All are true to aerobic respiration, except: *

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a. does not require the use of oxygen

b. breaks down glucose
c. produces ATP, CO2 and H2O
d. takes place in mitochondria located within the muscle fiber sarcoplasm

10. Pepper has been exerting effort to push the wall as part of her exercise regimen in
achieving good muscle tone. As a student nurse, she knows that there is an increase
in tension to muscles without changing its length. This type of contraction is: *
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a. concentric
b. isotonic
c. eccentric
d. isometric