Descalzo, Elenita Flor R. & Frias, Alyssa May G.

- 3CHEM1

DATE: August 23, 2021

Experiment no. 0

Preparation of Buffer Solutions with specific pH

OBJECTIVES

● To prepare a buffer solution at a specific pH

● To calculate the amount of sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate and Sodium

Phosphate dibasic used in preparing the buffer solution

● To familiarize with the factors affecting the pH of a buffer solution

MATERIALS AND INSTRUMENTS

A. Materials

● Reagents

● Sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate NaH2PO4 • H2O

● Sodium Phosphate dibasic Na2HPO4

● Distilled water

● Acid

○ 1M Sodium hydroxide NaOH

● Base

○ 1M Hydrogen chloride HCl

● 500mL volumetric flask

● 600mL beaker
B. Instruments

● pH meter

● stirring rod

● automatic pipette

PROCEDURE

A. Mixing the solids. To make a 1.50M buffer solution in a 500mL volumetric flask,

prepare Sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate and Sodium Phosphate dibasic. Mix the two

solid reagents in a 600mL beaker to dissolve. To dissolve the solid reagents, add distilled water

until below the needed volume of the buffer, which is at least 300mL. Stir the solution

afterwards.

B. Adjust to the desired pH. Measure the initial pH of the solution. If the desired pH level

is not attained after measuring the initial pH of the solution, adjust the pH. To adjust the pH, add

1M NaOH if the pH is lower than the desired neutral level and if the pH is higher than the

required neutral level, 1M HCl should be added.

C. Preparing the Buffer solutions. Place the solution to the 500mL volumetric flask after

the required pH level is attained. Rinse the beaker with distilled water and transfer to the

volumetric flask. Dilute the solution until it reaches the calibration mark. Once it reaches the

mark, cover the flask with a stopper and gently mix the solution.
RESULTS

A. Given

● 1.50M Buffer solution

● Vsoln= 500 mL = 0.5L

● pH = 7.01 buffer solution

● pka Na2HPO4 = 7.21

● Na2HPO4 MM= 119.977 gmol-1

● NaH2PO4 • H2O MM= 156.01 g mol-1

 B. Calculations

[𝐴− ]
 Equation used: 𝑝𝐻 = 𝑝𝐾𝑎 + log [𝐻𝐴]

[𝐴− ]
7.01 = 7.21 + log [𝐻𝐴]

log 𝑋 = 7.01 − 7.21

log 𝑋 = −0.2
𝑋 = 10−0.2
𝑋 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟑𝟎𝟗𝟔 𝑴
 Solve for [HA]:

1.50 𝑀 = [𝐻𝐴] + [𝐴−]

1.50 𝑀 = [𝐻𝐴] + 0.63096 [𝐻𝐴]
[𝐻𝐴] = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟏𝟗𝟕 𝑴

 Solve for [A-]:

[𝐴−] = 0.63096 [𝐻𝐴]

[𝐴−] = 0.63096 [0.9197]
[𝐴−] = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟖𝟎𝟑 𝑴

 Mass of reagents:
𝑔 𝑚𝑜𝑙
a. 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑁𝑎𝐻2 𝑃𝑂4 ∙ 2𝐻2 𝑂 = 156.01 𝑚𝑜𝑙 × 0.9197 × 0.500𝐿
𝐿

𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑁𝑎𝐻2 𝑃𝑂4 ∙ 2𝐻2 𝑂 = 𝟕𝟏. 𝟕𝟒 𝒈

𝑔 𝑚𝑜𝑙
b. 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑁𝑎2 𝐻𝑃𝑂4 = 141.977 𝑚𝑜𝑙 × 0.5803 × 0.500𝐿
𝐿

𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑁𝑎2 𝐻𝑃𝑂4 = 𝟒𝟏. 𝟏𝟗 𝒈

The needed weight for the reagents Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate Dihydrate and Sodium
Phosphate Dibasic to produce a 1.5 M buffer solution with a pH of 7.01 are 71.74 grams and
41.19 grams respectively.