Evolution of Nursing Research
Created Jul 20, 2020 317 PM
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Tags prelims
1940s: governments-initiated studies of nursing
education continued, spurred on by the
unprecedented demand for nursing personnel during
WWII
1950s: An increase in the number of nurses with
advanced degrees and better research training, an
increase in the availability of funds from the
government and private foundations
establishment of the journal Nursing Research
1960s: practice-oriented research on various clinical
topics began to
emerge in the literature and nursing research
advanced worldwide
International Journal of Nursing Studies 1963
Journal of Nursing Scholarship and Canadian
Journal of Research 1960s
1970s: change in emphasis in nursing research
from areas such as teaching and nurses themselves to
improvements in client care.
Nurses also began to pay attention to the utilization
of research findings in nursing practice
Research in Nursing & Health
the Journal of Advanced Nursing
Western Journal of Nursing Research
1980s: nurses began to conduct formal projects
specifically designed
to increase research utilization
Annual Review of Nursing Research 1983
annual reviews include summaries of
current research evidence on selected
areas of research practice and
encourage utilization of research findings
National Center for Nursing Research NCNR
1986
The purpose of NCNR was to promote—
and financially support—research projects
and training relating to
patient care
Evolution of Nursing Research
1960s - research priorities began to be reorderde
and practice-oriented research was targeted
1952 - the journal Nursing Research begins
publication
1955 - inception of the American Nurses
Foundation to spnosor nursing research
1957 - establishment of nursing research center at
Walter Reed Army Institure of Research
During 1960s
research studies is not only focused on US but
spread out in the ____ territory
1960s - nurses werer attaining educational
preparation in research
practice oriented research on various clinical
topics began to emerge in the literature and
nursing research advnace worldwide
development if nursing theories and models -
citrical level of thinking about nursing practice
Orlando, Peplau, Wiedenbach)
more collaborative efforts on practice oriented
research: Diers & Leonard; Dumas & Leonard
1963 - International Journal of Nursing Sutdies
begins publications
1965 - American Nurses' Association ANA begins
sponsoring nursing reaserch conferences
1969 - Canadian Jouran of Nursing Resarch begins
publication
During 1970s
1970 - National Committe for the study of Nursing
and Nursing Education Report was published
also saw the new growth in the number of
master's and doctoral programs for nursing
1971 - ANA establishes a Commission on Resaerch
1972 - ANA extablishes its Council of Nurse
Researchers
1976 - Stetler and Marram publish giudelines on
assessing research for use in practice
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 National Health Research Development
Program NHRDP and Medical Research
Council of Canada
funding for nursing research became
available in Canada
Applied Nursing Research
Australian Journal of Nursing Research
McMaster Medical School: designed a clinical learning
strategy EBP
EBP promulgated the view that research findings
were far superior
to the opinions of authorities as a basis for clinical
decisions, constituted a profound shift for medical
education and practice, and has had a major effect on
all health care professions
Agency for Health Care Policy and Research
AHCPR
renamed Agency for Healthcare Research
and Quality AHRQ 1990
federal agency that has been charged with
supporting research specifically designed to
improve the quality of health care, reduce
health costs, and enhance patient safety
1990s: funding expanded
National Institute of Nursing Research NINR
1993
Nursing research was strengthened and
given more national visibility
The birth of NINR helped
put nursing research more into the
mainstream of research activities enjoyed
by
other health disciplines
1986 budget 16M dollars
1999 budget 70M dollars
Canadian Health Services Research
Foundation
Qualitative Health Research
Clinical Health Research
Clinical Nursing Research
Clinical Effectiveness
Cochrane Collaboration: an international network of
institutions and individuals that maintains and updates
systematic reviews of hundreds of clinical
interventions to facilitate
Sigma Theta Tau International: began to focus
attention on research utilization, and sponsored the
first
international research utilization conference, in
Evolution of Nursing Research
there was a decided change in emphasis on
nursing research areas such as teaching and
nurses themselves to improvements in client care
nurses began to pay attention to the utilization
of resaerch findings and nursing practice
1978 - The journals Research in Nursing & Health
and Advances in Nursing Science begin publication
1979 - Western journal of Nursing Research beings
publication
During 1980s
brought nursing research to a new level of
development
extensive growth in upper levels of programs
1982 - The Conduct and Utilization of Research in
Nursing CURN project publishes report
increase in the level of development
below
1983 - Annual Review of Nursing Research begins
publication
include summaries of current research
evidence of selected areas of research practice
and encourage utilization of research finding
1985 - ANA cabinet on nursing resaerch
establishes priorities
1986 - National Center for Nursing Research
NCNR established within US National Insitutes of
Health
NCNR was to promote and financialy support
research project and trainng related to patient
care
nurses began to conduct formal projects spec the
sign to inc ulitization such as the conduct and
utilisation of research in nursing project
1988 - the journal Applied Nursing Research
begins publication 1989 US Agency for Health Care
Policy and Research ACHPR is established
(renamed Agency for Healthcare Research and
Quality or AHRQ in 1999
Autralian Journal of Nursing Research
1989 - many centers for research developed in
educational setting and in hospitals
US established Agency for Healthcare Policy
and Research AHCPR
renamed to Agency for Healthcare
Research and Quality AHRQ in 1999
federal agency charged with
supporting research specifically designed
to improve quality of healthcare, reduce
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 cooperation with the faculty of the University of
Toronto, in 1998.
19th Century - after 1850
Florence Nightingale - promotion of health,
prevention of disease, and care of the sick were the
central ideas of her system during Crimean war
Nursing Research began with Florence Nightingale
changes in nursing care
promotion of health
prevention of disease
care of sick
Systematic collection and exploration of data
were necessary for nursing
collection and analysis of data on health status of
British soldiers - led to variety of Health Care
reforms
1859 - Nightingale's Landmark publication - Notes
on Nursing was published
this described her early interest on
environmental factors that promotes physical
and emotional wellbeing
20th Century - before 1950
research focused mainly on nursing education, but
some patient and technique oriented research was
evident
clinically oriented research - centered on
morbidity and mortality rates considering WWII
Wald and Dock 1902 - led to the employment of
school nurses in NYC
school nurse experiment
nurses gave free care to school children and
visited the homes of sick children
1900 - American Nursing Journal begins
publication
first journal publication owned and operated
by nurses
1923 - Columbia University establishes first
doctoral program for nurses
Goldmark Report in nursing and nursing
education in the US was published
recommended that nursing education be
moved in the mainstream the nursing
university education and that the learning
needs of nursing students should have
precedence over hospitals need for worker
Evolution of Nursing Research
health cost and enhance patient safety,
and place a pivotal role in supporting
evidence base practice
journals and reviews now provide additional
forums for communicating research
During 1990s
nurses and nursing students at all elvel learned
about nursing research
1990s - nursing research stood on its own
nursing research was strengthened and given
more national visibility when below
1995 - The Joanna Briggs Institute, an
international EBP colaboratie, is established in
Australia
1993 - National Institutes of Health NIH
reauthorization bill gave NCRC institure status
it became known as the National Institute of
Nursing Research NINR
help put nursing research more in the
mainstream of research acitivities enjoyed by
other health disciplines
funding has also grown
Cochrane Collaboration - maintains and
updates systemic reviews
an international network of institutions and
individuals that maintains and updates
systemic reviews of hundreds of clinical
intrventions to facilitate evidence based
practice
1998 - Donaldson - "Breakthroughs in Nursing
Research"
identified "pathfinder" in nursing reaserch
faculty develop and implement nursing research
1994 - The journal Qualitative Health Researh
begins publication
looks in the quality of practice rendered to
clien care
21st Century
continuin exploration provdes numerous
opportuniteis for nurses to study important
research questions and issues
Nure researchers are challenged to bring research
based knowledge to life
major shifts in the edlivery of health care
3
 the emphasis is to improve and enhance focus on qualitative and quantitative and clinically
the educational status of nurses and student based outcome studies
nurses by incorporating research in university
as nurses becomes oriented to research they are
education
particular in terms of quality of care based on
1920s - American Journal of Nursing publishes evidence based practice and the amount time
clinical cases studies being rendered to clients to improve patient's
recovery
1936 - Sigma Thea Tau awards first nursing
research grant in the US 2004 - the journal Worldviews in Evidence-Based
Nursing begins publication
this begins the funding of research studies in
the US 2005 - Sigma Theta Tau International publishes
research priorities
1948 - Brown publishes report on inadequacies of
nursing education begins to focus attention and research
utilization and they also sponsored international
changes the focus of nursing education
research utilization conferences
nursing schools began to view accreditations
use of research findings for effective clinical
and standardization as necessary steps for
decision making are refined and identified as
success
priorities
it allows nurses to locally and internationally
Evidence based practice guidlines, standardsn
be active and improve leadership skill
protocols, and citrical pathways - become
benchmark for cost effective quality clinical practice
20th Century - After 1950 ciritcal pathways - this guides and and hekps
Nursing research blossmed and alid the ground for nurses in providing care and being accurate and
nursing's current elvel of research skills critical in decision making esp in ER, ICU or
cardio unit
Nursing School (graduate and undergraduate
level) grew - includes research cource in the nurses becomes consumers of research based
program on evidences

an increase in number of nurses wth an

advanced degrees and better research training,
an increase in the availability of funds from the
government and private foundation, and
establishments of journal nursing research are
few of the courses providing nurses to conduct
research

Future Direction and Recent Trends for the 21st Century

trends in Nursing Research heightened focus on EBP

funding continues to grow translational research: research on how

findings from studies can best be
priority for nursing research in the future will be
translated into nursing practice
the promotion of excellence in nursing science
stronger evidence base through more rigorous
sharpening research skills for nurse researchers
methods and multiple, confirmatory strategies

Confirmatory stretegieis

Rolse of Nurse in Research  deliberate replication (i.e., repeating) of

studies with different clients, in different
 principal investigator clinical settings, and at different times
 member of a research team  conduct
 identifier of a research problem of multisite studies by researchers in
several locations
 evaluator of reseach findings

Evolution of Nursing Research 4

  user of research findings greater emphasis on systematic reviews

 patient or client advocate Systematic reviews are a cornerstone of EBP

 subject in studies amass and integrate comprehensive

research information on a
topic to draw conclusions about the state
of evidence

expanded local research in health care setting

strengthening of mutlidisciplinary collaboration

expanded dissemination of research findings

increasing the visibility of nursing research

increased focus on cultural issues and health

disparities

ecologic validity: refers to the extent

to which study designs and findings have
relevance and meaning in a variety of
real-world contexts

Roles of the Nurse in Nursing research

ANA,1989 - identified research competencies related to the type of educational program

Associate Degrees Graduates Master's Level

assist with identification of research problem active research team member

assist with data collection enhance the quality and relevanve of nursing
research - clinical expertise evidence-based
use research findings in practice with supervision
knowledge

conduct research to monitor the quality of nursing

Baccalaureate Graduates practice and provide leadership

intelligent consumer of rsearch Doctorally prepared Nurse

use competencies to advance te nursing or most expertise in appraising, designin, and
intersciplinary EBP projects conducting research
participate in research projects develop nursing kowledge through research and
theory development

conduct an independent research project

act as role models and mentors who guide,

stimulate, and encourage other nurses who are
developing thier research skills

they can dissseminate research findings to

scinetific community, physicians, and to the public

conduct funded independent research project

Evolution of Nursing Research 5