NOVAFLAM APP

Description
Novaflam APP is an ammonium polyphosphate crystalline phase II grade flame retardant with a fine particle size.
In comparison with ammonium polyphosphate crystalline phase I grades, the phase II grades do have a very low
solubility in water. Novaflam APP is completely insoluble in organic solvents.

Typical Properties
Novaflam APP Target Value
Appearance White powder

pH 5.5-7.5 (10% aqueous suspension

Particle size 15µm
Water solubility Max. 0.5 g/100ml (25°C; 10% dispersion)

Phosphorus content 31.0-32.0% (w/w)

Nitrogen content 14.0-15.0% (w/w)
Moisture content Max. 0.25%
Chemistry Ammonium phosphate phase II

Intended Applications
Novaflam APP can be used in a wide range of applications. The main use is in:
Intumescent coatings, Polyolefins (PP, PE and thermoplastic polyolefins), Polyurethane foam (rigid, flexible and
TPU), Thermosets (epoxy, phenolics and unsaturated polyester), Thermoplastic, Textile coatings, Paints, Plywood.

Intumescent coatings
Intumescent coatings are giving their flame retardancy mainly by forming an insulating protective layer between
the fire and the substrate. The heat which releases during a fire is the initiator for the forming of this protective
layer.
An intumescent coating needs three basic components.
A carbon donor (for example pentaerythritol, poly alcohols or starch) to form a carbonized protective layer.
An inorganic acid to dehydrate the carbon donor. For example (poly)metaphosphoric acid (HO3P)n which will be
formed when Novaflam APP decompose at temperatures above 275°C.
A blowing agent which release a gas (N2) to form a foam. For example melamine.

To keep the Novaflam APP, pentaerythritol and the melamine bonded together in the coating, a binder has to be
used. The binder choice is very important, he has to get weak at elevated temperatures. If the binder stays to
stiff, the foam formation will be too thin and the insulating protectivity will be too small.
To improve the intumescent properties additional TiO2 can be added to the coating formulation.

Polyolefins
For polyolefin Novaflam APP is used because of its high heat stability. Especially for polypropylene Novaflam APP is
used to reach the UL 94-V0 classification.

Date: 2017/04 Page 1 of 2






NOVAFLAM APP
Guide formulations for PP applications:

Formulation 1 Formulation 2
PP 70-80 70-80

Novaflam APP 15 15
Pentaerythritol 8-10

Melamine 5 5
PA 5-10
Lubricant 0.1
Coupling agent (MAPP) 0.5

Rigid and flexible polyurethane foam

Novaflam APP can also be used as halogen free flame retardant in PU-foams. Novaflam APP addition levels are in
the range of 30-40%. Depending on the foam structure, additives used and flame retardant classification which
has to be fulfilled.

To have some synergy effects, small amounts of zinc borate, pentaerytrhitol and TiO2 can also be added to the
foam formulation.
Novaflam APP can be added to the polyol prior to the foam production.
Flame retardant classifications which PU-foams can reach with Novaflam APP are for example: DIN 4102-B2,
FMVSS 302, UL 94-V0, UL 94-HF 1

Safety
Material Safety Data Sheets are available for all Novaflam products. Please contact our technical service personnel
for the latest version. Our Material Safety Data Sheets contain important information that you might need to
protect your employees against any known health and safety hazards.

Disclaimer
Information and details given in this document, particularly any recommendations for application and use of our products are based on careful laboratory
tests and prevailing practical experience and are believed to be correct at time of publication. The information is not binding, which is also generally true
for our practical customer service, given verbally, in writing and by tests. Due to (possibly varying) conditions of transport, storage, process, substrate use
or product application (which are beyond our knowledge and control), it is the responsibility of the user to carry out sufficient tests in order to ensure that
our products are suitable for the intended processes and applications. Whilst proper care has been taken in the preparation of this document, no liability
for damage or injury resulting from its use is accepted, other than the limited liability which may arise towards a contractual party on the basis of
Allinova’s conditions of sale (a copy of these conditions is available on request). Allinova’s acceptance of any orders for this product is expressly
conditional upon purchaser’s assent to these conditions of sale. No information contained in this document (nor any information given verbally, in writing
and by tests) is to be construed as permission, recommendation or inducement by Allinova or its officers, employees or affiliates, to use any product or
process so as to infringe upon or conflict with any patent. Allinova does not attest or guarantee that the use of its products or processes will not infringe
upon any patent; user is responsible for verifying its freedom to operate in any jurisdiction.

Date: 2017/04 Page 2 of 2