‘Truong Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha ndi Vign Todn ting dung va Tin hoc MI2010 PHUONG PHAP TINH Phién bin: 2020.1.0 Mye tiéu: Sinh vién xdy dumg duge céc thudt toén khac nhau va thye hign thudt toin giai mot sé bai toan trong khng gian mét chiéu va nhiéu chiéu. Objective: Students can write some algorithms and use them to solve some problems in one or ‘multi dimensional spaces N6i dung: Mot s6 phuong phap sé bai todn: fim nghiém phuong trinh phi tuyén trong khong gian m6t chigu; tim nghigm phuong trinh dai sé tuyén tinh trong. khéng gian nhieu chiéu; xp xi ham s6 va tg dung trong bai todn dy bao, bé sung dif ligu; tinh gan ding tich phan, dao ‘ham, giai phuong trinh vi phén. Contents: Some numerical methods for solving the following problems: the nonlinear equation in one - dimensional space, linear equation systems, functional approximation and its application in prediction, filling data problems, estimating derivatives, proper integrals and finding numerical solution of initial value problems. 1. THONG TIN CHUNG ‘Tén hge phan: Phuong phép tinh (Numerical methods) M& s6 hoc phan: MI2010 Khéi lwgng: 2(2-0-0-4) thuyét: 30 tiét, - Bai tép/BTL: 0 tiét ~ Thi nghiém/Thyc hanh: 0 tiét Hoe phan tién quyét: - Khéng Hoe phan hoe trirée: - MIL111/2/3/; MI1121/2: Giai tich 1; Giai tich 2, = MII141/2/3: Dai sé ‘Hoe phan song hanh: - T1110: Tin hge dai cuong = _MII131/2/3: Giai tich 3 2, MO TAHOQC PHAN Hoc phan dua ra mét s6 ¥ nrémg gidi mét sé bai toan trong cdc khong gian hiru han chiéu, cich trién Khai xy dung phuong php tir twong, céch chitng t6 phuong php x4y dung duge la diing din va hgp ly, phn tich wu, nhuge diém va cdc tnrong hop cé thé str dung duge phuong phdp, ti d6 hudng ti vige sinh vien e6 thé viét Iai thugt todn, thyc hign thuat toin gidi bai ton bang céc phuong phip da cé, cao hon 1a phat trién hoe két hop céc phuong phép dé giai quyét bai todn phitc tap hon. 3. MUC TIEU VA CHUAN DAU RA CUA HOC PHAN Hoc phan inréng t6i vige sinh vién c6 kha ning phat hign van 8, phan tich vin a tr €6 chon Iya phuong phap thich hop dé gidi quyét mét van dé chuyén nginh trong khuon Kho hoc phan déng thai viét va thyc hign duge ede thudt to’n cho cdc phuong phip s6 giai gin ding cdc bai ton 46. Do 46, sinh vién hoan thanh hoc phan nay c6 kha ning:‘Truvmg Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha ndi ‘Vign Todn img dung va Tin hoe Mue CDR duyge phin taweDR M6 ta myc tiéw/Chudn dau ra cia hoe phan bé cho HP/ Mite 49 TU) fy {2} BL Mt Sinh vién nh§n biét duge mét sé dang bai ton co ban, VT trinh bay duge ¥ turdng, céch xiy dyng mét phuong phip giai bai toan MILI | Nhén dign bai todn: xéc dinh r6 bai todn cho trude thuge vr 16p nao trong s6 cae bai todn duge dwa ra trong hoe phin. Trinh bay lai ¥ tong, phuong phép gidi cde bai todn, wu nhuge diém cia timg phuong phép. MI.2 | Phan tich duroe diéu kign dau vio cia bai todn va tir dé Iya wu chon duge phurong phap gii hop ly M1.3 | Trinh bay duge ¥ tong, phat trién I _Y tung thanh uT phyong phép, phan tich durge vai trd cia ign dau thay di ciia két qua diu ra khi diéu kign dau vao thay déi. M2 Hinh thinh duge ede ky ning vé tr duy, ky ming vé vr thye han, kf niing vé phin tich, xirly, quan If thong tin va cdc kj ning x4 hGi ean thiét M2.1 | Phan tich, lap tudn va téng hop duge théng tin 48 xie din wr urged Tigu du vio, dt ligu di ra ‘2.2 | Cé tur duy logic, tu duy téng thé va hé théng dé dam bao vu tinh mach lac, hgp ly ela thugt toa M2.3 | Cé kha nang tr hoe, tir nghién ciru, chd déng, séng tao vau M2.4 | Cé kha ning lim vige dc lap va lim vige theo nhém vu 'M2.5 | Cai thign duge thudt todn theo m6t muc tiéu cy thé vi M3 Hinh thanb ning lye phan tich, hink thanh ¥ tuéng va vu gidi quyét vin ad 'M3.1 | Véi cng cu tinh todn (may tinh bam tay hoc may vi tinh) vtrg ‘tr hoc cach str dung céng cu dé thye hién thuét todn theo cae phwong php gidi bai toan trong hoc phan dé giai mot bai todn cy thé theo tiéu chi t6i uu ve thd gian vA thao tée. M3.2 | Viét thudt ton, dra ra duge trinh tr thao tée hop Iy trén vu céng cu dé giai bai todn tong quat trong d6 cé géi kiém tra digu kign thye hién, Diéu chinh thuat todn phi hop véi dit ligu ddu vao khi dit ligu cha dat digu kign cia phuong phép, ma rng lop bai todn 06 thé gidi durge, két hop cde phuong phap dé giai quyét van 4é phitc tap honTraéng Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha ndi Vign Todn img dung va Tin hoc 4. TALLIEU HQC TAP trinh [1] Phuong phép tinh — Lé Trong Vinh. [2] Phuong phép tinh — Tq Van Dinh ‘Tham khio [1] Sach Phuong phap tinh va Matlab — Lé Trong Vinh, Tran Minh Toan, [2] Sach Giai tich 6 — Lé Trong Vinh. [3] Sach Giai tich s6 - Pham Ky Anh [4] Sach Numerical Methods in Engineering with MATLAB - Jaan Kiusalaas. 5. CACH DANH GIA HQC PHAN iém think phin | Pavong pupainh Mota ana tne (1 {2} 13) [4] [5] Al. Diém qué trinh (*) | A1.1, Dah gia qua Thi viet / MLI+M1.2 30% tinh Thi van dap / M2.1+M2.5 | Tric nghiém/ | M3.1=M3.2 Bai tap 1én ‘Thai 49 A2. Diém cudi ky A2.1, Thi cudi ky ‘Thi viét/ ML.1=M1.2 | 70% Thi van dip M2.1+M2.5 M3.1+M3.2 * Dim qua trinh sé eve diéu chinh bing edch cng thém dim chuyén cén, Biém chuyén cin 6 gid tri tit-2 dén +2, theo Quy ché Dio tao dai hoc hé chink quy cita Trrémg DH Bach Khoa HaN6i. 6. KE HOACH GIANG DAY CDR Bai Tuan N@i dung hoc | Hoat dng day va hoe (*) | dénh phan [1] 2) 13}. [4] 1 | Gi6i thigu mén hge ML.I | Ging bai; ALA; Chung 1: Sai sé ‘Hoi - dap 1.1 Cac loai sai sé Lam bai tép vi dy 1.2 Cac quy ude viét sb gan ding 1.3 Sai s6 trong tinh toan 2 | Chwong 2: M6t sé phuong phap | M1.1; | GV ging bai hoc cho SV: | AL.1; ii phwong trinh phi tuyén trong | 41.2; | - Doc trude tai ligu; A21; khéng gian 1 chiéu M2.3; | - Phin nhém thuyét trinh, va 2.1 Khoang cach li nghiém M24; | trao déi 2.1 Phuong phap chia d6i 2.5; | GV ting két, khiing dinh kién ® | tute sau khi SV thuyét trinh, |Trutmg Dai hgc Bach khoa Ha néi Vign Todn img dung va Tin hoc . CDR Bai Tuan NOi dung he | Hoat dng day va hoc (*) | aiinh gid {1 [2] {4) 15] SV thu hién thuat ton giai mét sO bai toan theo yéu céu cia GV 3 2.2 Phuong phap day cung ML. GV giang bai hodc cho SV: ALL; ML2; | - Doc trude tai ligu; AA; M23; | - Phan nhém thuyét trinh, va M24; | trao ddi M25; | GV ting két, khing dinh kién 3.1, | tint sau khi SV thuyét trinh, ” |. SV thyc hign thudt ton gidi mt s6 bai todn theo yéu cau cia GV 4 | 2.3 Phuong phap tiep tuyén_ M11; | GV gidng bai hogc cho SV: | AL.1; M12; | ~ Doc tude tai ligus A2I; M22; | ~ Phan nh6m thuyét trinh, va M23; | trao ddi | M24; | GV tong két, khang dinh kién ‘2.5; | thite sau khi SV thuyét trin. M3.1; | - SV thyc hign thudt todn giai mét sé bai todn theo yeu cau cia GV, viet so do thuat toa, thao Iudn va tdi wu hoa thudt ton 5 | 2.4 Phuong php lip don GV gifing bai hoc cho SV: | Al.1; = Doc truéc tai ligu; AA; ~ Phan nhém thuyét tinh, vi trao d6i GV tng két, khiing djnh kién thitc sau khi SV thuyet trinh. M3.1; |~ SV thye hign thuat toan gidi mét s6 bai toan theo yéu cdu cia GV, thiét lép quy trinh thao tée t6i wu trén cong cu d6i véi cde thuat todn gidi lap, thyc hién so sénh wu, nhuge diém cia bén phuong phdp _ 6 | Chwong 3: M@t so phuong phép | MI1.1; | - GV gidi thigu phuong phap | Al.1; gidi hé dai sé tuyén tinh M12; | Gauss va phuong phap | 42.1; 3.1 Phuong php Gauss va Phuong | M2.2; | Gauss-Jordan, hudng dan ph4p Gauss-Jordan M23; | Sinh vién xy dymg thugt todn * | cho hai phuong php.‘Tnaéng Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha ndi Vign Toan img dung va Tin hoc cor | Bai Tuan Noi dung hge | Hogt dng day va hoc (*) | danh phan gid itl 2 Bi a 5] 3.2 Mot sé chun théng dung trong | M2.4; |- Dua ra dinh nghia vi gidi khong gian nhiéu chiéu, syhoity | 2,5; | thigu vé cic chuan thong cia day vector M31, | dung trong khéng gian haw “han chiéu, cach tinh chudn vector, ma trin, gidi thigu ve sur hi tu cia diy vector 7 |3.3 Phuong phép Kip don va lap | M1.1; | GV giing bai hoje cho SV: | ALI; Jacobi M12; |. Boe trade tai ligu; A2A; 3.3.1 Phuong phép lp don ‘M2.1; | ~ Phan nhém thuyét trinh, va 3.3.2 Phuong phép lp Jacobi M2.2; | trao déi a. Trang hgp chéo tri hang Maas | Gv tng két, khiing dinh kién M24; au khi SV thuyét trink. M25; |- SV lap trinh chay mot sé MBL tofin cy thé theo yéu “| cau cia GV 8 | b. Tring hop chéo tr6i cot MLA; | GV gidng bai hoge cho SV: AL; 3.4 Phuong phap lip Seidel va lap | M1.2; | - Doc trudc tai liéu; A21; Gauss-Seidel M2.15 | - Phan nhém thuyét trinh, va On tp churong 1,2,3 GV ting két, khing dink kién 2.4; | thire sau khi SV thuyét trinh, M25: hign thugt todn gidi MB.1, | MOt s6 bai todn cy thé theo “| yéu cau cla GV - GV gidi thigu ¥ tuéng cla phuong phap lgp Seidel va Gauss-Seidel, yéu ci sinh vién vé ty tim hiéu. 9 | Chwong 4. Noi suy va binh | Mit; | GV gidng bai hoge cho SV: | AI.1; phiromg ti thiéw M12; | Doc true ta igus A21; 4.1 Bai ton xdp xi him s6 va ting | M225 )- Phin nhém thuyét tri, va dung M2.3; | trao déi 4.2 Bai toan xp xi ham sé bing da | M2.4; | GV tng két, khiing inh kién thite n6i suy. Ma.5; | thire sau khi SV thuyét trinh, 4.3 Dinh ly vé sy tén tai duy nat | 443.1, | - SV xdy dumg thuét ton va ca da thie ndi suy thyc hign phép tinh gid ti, 4.4 So dé Horner va img dung chia hoc nhdn da thite 4.4.1 Tinh gid tri da thirc va phép chia da thie 4.4.2 Phép nhan da thitc 10 | 4.5 Da thite ndi suy Lagrange MLL; | GV gidng bai hode cho SV: | AIL; M12; | - Doe trade ti lig AQ;Truémg ai hoc Bach khoa Ha ndi Vign Todn img dyng va Tin hoe T Tuan N@i dung Bai Hoat dong day va hge (*) | danh it) 2 f4} 15} = Phan nhom thuyét tri trao 461 GV téng két, khang dinh kién thirc sau khi SV thuyét trinh, ~ SV sit dung cac thuat toan nhin, chia da thie trong xdy dymg thuat todn tim da thite ni suy Lagrange, thc hign thudt todn voi mot s6 b6 dit ligu cy the. 11 | 4.6 Da thite ni suy Newton 4.6.1 TY sai phan 4.6.2 Ba thite ngi'suy Newton méc bat ky GV ging bai hoe cho SV: | A1.1; = Doc trude tai ligu; ALL; ~ Phan nhom thuyét trinh, va ‘rao d6i GV tong két, khing dinh kién thite sau khi SV thuyét trinh, - SV xy dung va thue hién thuat toan voi b6 dir ligu ow thé 12 | 4.63 Sai phan | 4.6.4 Da thite ndi suy Newton méc each déu 4,7 Phuong phap binh phuong téi thiéu GV ging bai hoic cho SV: | AL; ~ Doo truce tai ligu; A2d; = Phin nhém thuyét trink, va tra0 d6i GV téng két, khiing dinh kién ‘thir sau khi SV thuyét trinh. ~ SV xiy dung va thye hign thuat todn vi b6 dot ligu cu thé 13. | Chuong 5. Giai gan ding phwong trinh vi phan thuong 5.1, Bai toén Cauchy cho phuong trinh vi phan thurimg 5.2. Nghiém va nghiém gan ding cia bai toin 9.3 Phuong phép Euler (an, hign) va Euler cai tién GV ging bai hoc cho SV: | Al.1; = Doe trude tai lig; ~ Phan nhém thuyét trinh, va | A215 trao d6i GV téng két, khang djnh kién thitc sau khi SV thuyét trinh, ~ SV xdy dung va thye hign thuat toan voi bai todn cy thé 14 | 5.4 Céc phwong phép Runge-Kutta GV giang bai hoge cho SV: | Al.1; ~ Doc trude tai iu; | + Phan nhém thuyét trinh, va | A215 ‘rao déi‘Trig Dai hge Bach khoa Ha ngi ‘Vign Toan img dung va Tin hoe CDR Bai | Tuan Ni dung hae Hoat d6ng day va hoc (*) | dinh L_ phan gid LT) 21 BI 1] 151 2.3; | GV tong két, khing inh kién M244; | thie sau khi SV thuyét trinh, 2.5; | - SV xdy dung va thye hién MBL, | thudt todn véi bai todn cy thé 15 | Tang két va dn tap “Ting két kin tht, trao d6i, sii dap thie mic “GY cé thé lea chon hogt déng giing day phis hop véi quy mé lép hoc va kha nding cita SV & mdi budi hoc 12 QUY DINH CUA HQC PHAN (Cée quy inh cita hge phén néu 6) 13 NGAy Pmt DuvEn: 45.24.2020 fENTOANUNGDUNGATIN HOC irri 18.8 Quana hii ¢ 14 QUA TRINH CAP NHAT Ney Lin g . . di feu chit thing | Apdungtir | Ghi hea N@i dung diéu chink urge phé | kykhéa a - duyét 1 2 :Dai hgc Bach khoa Ha NGi___ Vign Todn img dung va Tin hoc BAI TAP THAM KHAO PHUONG PHAP TiNH Hé dao tgo: Chinh quy Ma HP: MI 2010 anh gia HP: 1. Qua trinh (hé s6 0.3): KT gitta ky + theo dai hoe tp, ndi dung KT: chwong 1,2,3 2. Thi cudi ky (hé s6 0.7): ndi dung KT nhw a8 cuong Li 12 13 14 1s CHUONG 1. SAIS Do trong long cila 1 dm? nude 6 0°C nhan duge p=999.847+0.001 (g). Hay xée dinh sai sé tong d4i gidi han cia phép do trén, ‘Lam tron nhiing sé sau dén 3 chit s6 c6 nghia, x4c dinh sai sé tuyét déi va sai sé tuong adi cia cac sé xdp xi nhfn durge. a) 2.1514 b) 0.16152 c) 0.009922 Xée dinh s6 cae chit sé tin tong cia céc sé sau biét sai sé trong déi trong tng cia ching, 8921, 5a=0.1x107 d) @=0.2218, 6a=0.2x10" a) a= b) a=0.000135, da °c) a@=22351, da=0.1 1) a=48361, da=1% 15 e) a=0.11452, da=0.1% Do chiéu dai cia m6t cay cdu va mot chiée dinh tén, ta thu duc két qua trong tmg 14 9999cm va Yom, Gia sit cdy cdu va chiée dinh cé d6 dai thy té Ian hot 1a 10000cm va 10cm. Tinh sai s6 tuyét déi va sai sé tuong déi ca cdc gid tri do duoc o trén ‘Viét so 46 khéi tinh xp xi gid tri cia sé e téi tim chit sé tin tréng dura vao khai trién Maclaurin sau: xy 2 x" aa ‘Mat déng hé do téc 49 cia xe may chi nhu Hinh 1. Hoi téc dé di chuyén cia xe may 1a bao nhié s6 cita phép do trén 1a bao nhiéu phan trim?Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha Néi ‘Vign Toan img dung va Tin hoc Hinh 1 1.7. Canh cia mét hinh lap phuong do duge 1a 8cm bing thuéc do vach chia dén 6i khi tinh thé tich cia hinh hép 1a 0.01em. Héi sai sé tuong déi va sai sé tuyét bao nhiéu? 18 Cho him sé w=In(x+23). Hay xéo dinh gié trj cla him sé tai x, =0.97, x, =1.132. Hay xéc dinh sai sé tuyét d6i va sai sé tong ddi cia u biét moi chit s6 ciia x1 va x2 déu 1a céc chit sé tin tudng. CHUONG 2. GIAI GAN DUNG PHUONG TRINH DAI SO VA SIEU VIET 2.1. Tim nhitng khodng céch ly nghiém thy ciia céc phuong trinh sau: a) x*-4x4+2=0 b) sinx-x=0. 2.2 Sir dung phuong phép chia d6i tim nghigm etia cdc phuong trinh sau véi sai s6 cho phép 18 Ar=0,5x107, a) x°-1.5x" +0.58x-0.057=0. b) 0.le* -sin?x+0.5=0, x e[-Sz,5z] 2.3. Sir dung phuong php lip don giai cdc phuong trinh duéi day vai sai sé 0.5x10~ a) x°43x7-150 b) x?4+4sinx-1=0. c) L4*-x=0. 2.4. Sit dung phuong phap Newton dé tinh gan ding nghiém cia phuong trinh =0 voi gid tri xp xi ban dau la x5 =0. 2Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha NGi Vién Todn mg dung va Tin hoc 2.5. Lap so dé khdéi tinh gan dting nghiém dén 5 chit sé tin twéng sau ddu phy cia phyong trinh_e* -10x-+7=0 bing phuong phap lip don, 2.6. Cho phuong trinh 2*-5x+sinx=0 va khoang cdch li nghiém [0,0.5]. Ding phuong phap Newton tim nghiém xp xi sau 5 bude lip va danh gid sai sé. 2.7. Giai gan ding phyong trinh x'° -2=0 bang cach sir dung phyong phap day cung vGi sais. 10~. 2.8. Theo dinh Iugt Achimedes, 6 Ién cia luc day tac dong lén vat tha trong chat long dugc tinh bing trong long ctia phan chat long bj chiém ché bei vat Fy =V pyg. Trong Hinh 2, vat tha trong nude c6 hinh cdu ban kink r=1m, khéi long riéng cia vat 18 ps = 201kg/m’, ‘va khéi long riéng cia nude la py = 1000 ke /m*. Hay Hinh 2 in ding phuong phép chia di xac dinh khoang cach h tir bé mat chat long dén hinh céu, 2.9, Lap so dé khéi phuong phap chia déi, phuong phap lap don, phuong phap day cung va phuong phap tiép tuyén giai gan ding phuong trinh _f(x)=0 trong khodng céch li nghiém (a,b) vdi sai s6 cho truée ¢. CHUONG 3. MOT SO PHUONG PHAP GIAI HE DAI SO TUYEN TINH 3.1 Tinh chuan theo hang, theo ¢6t va chun Euclid cia cde ma tran sau: 89.13 -13.59 23.46 10 2 3 a) | 214 1.27 21.35 b))3 11 2.46 -81.70 -25.28 210Bai hoc Bach khoa Ha 32 33 34 35 3.6 37 Vign Toan img dung va Tin hoc Lap so dé khdi tim chudn theo hang, theo c6t va theo chudn Euclid cia ma tran 4 ©6 kich thude mxn cho trude. Giai hé phuong trinh sau bang phuong phap Gauss-Jordan: Hy + % - By + 3x, = 6 H = my = my + m + 2x 2x, — 3x + 2x = 6 Sit dung phuong phap Kip don giai gin ting hé phuong trinh sau véi 3 lan lap va anh gid sai sé. [3s = 01x, - 02x, = 7.85 Oly + Tx - 03x = 193 loss, - 02% + 10x = 714. Lap so dé khdi giai gin ding hé phwong trinh trén véi sai sé ¢ = 107. Cho hé phuong trinh 15.60% — 2.73%, + 1.89%, 6.75 2.50x - 16.50%, + 7.40x5 2.86 [500s + 1156x, + 27.90%, = 9.85. a) Kiém tra diéu kién héi ty ci! phuong phap lp don. b) Tinh dén x4p xi x bing phuong phép lap don véi vector ban diu la x(°) =(10.40 0.11 0.27)! va dan gid sai sé cho x c) Dé dat duge sai s6 10% can thyc hién bao nhiéu lan lap néu xuat phat tir vector x nhw 6 yb). Giai hg phuong trinh duéi day bing phuong phép lap Jacobi v6i 3 lan lp va dink, gid sai sé: y+ om + 024 = 1 03% + 2m + 25 = 05% + Oly + 3x = 2 ‘Trong mét nén kinh té gdm 3 nganh san xuat 1a ché tao may, néng nghiép va khai khodng, dé san xuat mét san pham cia m6t nganh can sir dung nguyén ligu tir cdc nganh san xuat véi s6 ligu cho trong bang dudi day: 4Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha Ngi Vign Todn img dung va Tin hoe 4. 4.2 43 44 SN Nginh mua oN Chétgo | Nong nghigp | Dich vu | omiy . NN | ‘Ngan cung cép oN | Ché tg0 may 0.50 0.20 0.20 L ‘Nong nghiép 0.20 0.30 0.10 Dich vu 0.10 0.10 030 Hoi dé xudt khdu 50 san pham nganh ché tao méy, 30 san phim nganh néng nghiép va 20 sin pham nganh dich vu thi méi nganh phai sin xudt bao nhiéu sin phim? Ding phuong phap lap don dé giai bai toan trén. CHUONG 4. NOI SUY VA PHUONG PHAP BINH PHUONG TOI THIEU Cho da thie P(x)=7x°-8x°+7x'418x?-9x—20, Sir dung luge 43 Homer thye hign cée nhiém vu sau: a) Tinh gid tri da thie tai x= 1. b) Xéc dinh da thie thuong va sé dur cia phép chia da thre P(x) cho (x~ 2). Cho da thite P(x)=143x+4x(x—1)~7x(x=1)(x-2)4 Sx(x-1)(x-2)(x-3), Sir dung hrgc dé Homer dura da thite P(x) vé dang chinh tic, Lap so a6 khéi dua da thite (x) =(x-3,)(x—x,)...(x—2,) vé dang chinh thc. Cho bang gi tri him y=logx nhu sau: x 2.0 22 23 | 25 y=logx | 0.30103 | 0.34242 | 0.36173 0.39794Dai 45 4.6 47 48 49 4.10 hoc Bach khoa Ha Néi ‘Vign Todn img dung va Tin hoc a) Xay dung da thite ndi suy Lagrange véi bang dir ligu trén b) Tinh gid tri gan ding gid tri ciia ham s6 tai diém x = 2.03. Danh gid sai s6. Lap so dé khéi xay dymg da thite ndi suy Lagrange voi cdc diém (05%) Ci), > mIn): Dn sé My (DS) tit nim 1920 dén nam 2000 durge cho trong bang dit ligu duéi day véi don vj trigu ngudi: Nam | 1920 | 1930 | 1940] 1980 | 1960 | 1970] 1980 | 1990” 2a00 DS _| 106.46 | 123.08 | 132.12 | 152.27 | 180.67 | 205.05 | 227.23 | 249.46 | 205.05 | Sit dung da thie n6i suy Lagrange dya trén dit ligu tir nm 1920 dén nim 1990 dé dy dodn dan s6 nim 2000 va so sénh voi két qua thuc té. Néng 46 oxy hda tan trong mude bién phy thugc vao nhiét d6 due cho trong bang: TC) o | 8 16 24 32 40 Ome) | 14.621 | 11.843 | 9.870 8.418 7.305 6.413 Sit dung néi suy Newton uéc tinh lugng oxy trong Im? nude bién & mhigt 46 27°C a bao nhiéu? So sdnh véi két qua chinh xéc 18 7.986 mg/l Lap so d5 khdi cho cng thite ndi suy Newton tién va Ii c6 méc céch déu, ap dung tinh gan ding gid trj him sé y=sinx tai x=12° va dénh gid sai sé biét bing dit liu nhy sau: x 10° 15° 20° | 25° 30° [yssinx | 0.1736 | 0.2588 | 03420 | 04226 | 05 Cho bang dit ligu: x) o | og 25 3. | 35 4 | »| 2 | 5.4375 | 73516 | 7.5625 | 8.4453 | 9.1875 Sit dung da thite n6i suy Newton tinh gan dting gid cia y tai x= 3.2. Gia t6c trong tring 6 49 cao y so voi mat dat durgc cho trong bang sau: y(m) 0 30000 60000 | 90000 120000 | g(m/s?) | 9.8100) 9.7487 9.6879 9.6278 9.5682Dai hgc Bach hoa Ha N6i Vign Toan tig dung va Tin hoe a) Biéu dién céc diém dé ligu trén mat phiing va dua ra Iya chon ciia dang ham g phu thuge theo y. b) Tinh g 6 46 cao y= 55000m bing phuong phdp binh phwong téi thiéu véi dang him kya chon & cau a). 4.11 Higu dign thé V gitta hai dau cia mot Tchay qua dién tro v6i dit ligu cho trong bing dudi day: thé phu thudc vao cuéng d6 dong dién I 0.5 15 25 3.0 4.0 v 0.45 0.6 0.70 1.88 6.0 | Tinh dign tré bang phuong phap binh phuong tdi thiéu biét ring theo dinh luat ‘Ohm, higu dign thé ti 1 thudn voi cuimg d6 ding dign, 4.12 Dit ligu sau cho biét méi quan hé giita dé nhot y cla dau SAE70 va nhiét 46 f: S 1(°C) 26.67 93.33 148.89 315.56 y(N.Sim’) | 0.35 0.085 0.012 0.00075 et ‘Tim ham thye nghiém dang y= CHUONG 5. TINH GAN DUNG DAO HAM VA TICH PHAN 5.1 Tinh gin ding dao ham cia ham sé. y =e" tai x=1.5, 2, 2.5 va danh gid sai sé dira vao bang gia tri sau: x 15 2 25 > | 4481 7.389 12.182 5.2. Sit dung dot ligu saw 8 tim vn te va gia te tai ¢= 10s. 1(3) o |2] 4 ]6]8 {10 | 12] 14] 16 Vitrix(m) | 0 | 07] 18/34/51/ 63/79 | 80/84Bai hoc Bach khoa Ha Ngi Vign Todn img dung va Tin hoc 5.3. Sir dung céng thitc hinh thang tinh gan dung tich phan 2 12 fv sla 1 ‘v6i 4 chit s6 dang tin sau dau phay. 33 54 Chotich phan I a a) Tinh gin ding tich phan 7 bing c6ng thire hinh thang véi bude h=0.1. b) Dinh gia sai s6 cia gid tri gin ching tim duge. 5.5 Str dung céng thite Simpson tinh gin dung tich phan 2 I= [ve +2dx 0 ‘voi 10 doan chia va danh gid sai sé cua két qua tinh dugc. 2 5.6 Cho tich phan J = f ¥/&x-+3dr. Ding céng thire Simpson xc dinh sé doan chia i t6i thiéu dé sai sé khéng vugt qué 10°. Tinh xdp xi J véi sé doan chia tim duge. 5.7 Van téc cia mét van déng vién dua xe dap duge cho trong bing duéi day: | conan [0 | os 1 lis]2]2s/3]3s] 4 [4s] 5 [55/6 )14.1| 15 | 16.5] 0 v(kmv/hy 0/10 11.7] 12] 17] 20 | 18 | 16 a) Tinh quang duimg van déng vién dé di durgc trong khoang thoi gian trén bing cong thire Simpson. b) Danh gia sai sé CHUONG 6. GIAI GAN DUNG PHUONG TRINH VI PHAN THUONG 6.1 Giai gin ding phuong trinh vi phan Bo a8 412? -202485 a&Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha Noi ‘Vign Toén img dung va Tin hoc 6.2 63 64 65 66 67 trong doan [0,4] véi bude | 0.5 va digu kign Cauchy y(0)=1 bing phuong phép Euler hign, ‘Cho hé phuong trinh vi phan va diéu kién ban dau: (05)=1 2(0.5)=1 Tinh gin diing gid tri ham nghiém tai x = 0.6 bing phuong phdp Euler hién voi bude Indi k= 0.1 Sit dung phurong phép Euler n gidi gin ding bai ton Cauchy trén dogn [1,1.5] voi bude luéi h=0.1. Cho bai toan Cauchy y'=4e"**—0.5y, y(0)=2. Gidi gin ding bai todn bang phwong phép Euler cai tién trén doan [0,4] voi bude ludi h= 0.5 Xét bai todn Cauchy {y"=In(y+1)+(y'+2)? +2.1-03 L@=02, ()=05 Sit dung c6ng thite Euler hig inh gan ding y va y’ tai f= 1.2 véi bude h= 0.2. te ya yea +37 H1Sx-1 y(1) 0.25. Xét bai toan Cauchy { Ding céng thite Runge-Kutta 4 néc tinh gan ding y tai. x= 1.2 v6i bude h= 0.2. Trén mét hén dio biét lp chi c6 2 loai la hd va hou sinh séng. Mé hinh Lotka- Volterra mé ta sé long cia hai loai theo théi gian niu sau: & = 2e-Liy, — x(0)= » — a7 O9N-% —-W(0)=05, trong 46 x, y lan lugt 14 sé wong huou, hé trén dao. Tim sé long hai loai tai thoi didi =01. 1= 0.2 bing phuong phap RK4 véi bude ludiDai hoc Bach khoa Ha N6i Vign Todn img dung va Tin hoe 68 so dé khéi céng thitc RK4 gidi bai todn gid tri ban dau cho phuong trinh vi phan thuémg: v= (xy) V(%) = Yo v6i bude hudi h trén doan [9.x + nh]. 6.9 Lap so dé khéi cia céng thitc Euler cai tién tim nghiém gin ding cia bai toan Cauchy cho phuong trinh vi phan thrdng: pes (x) ¥(%0)= Yo 10Dai hge Bach khoa Ha N6i Vign Toan img dung va Tin hoc BAI TAP THUC HANH PHUONG PHAP TiNH VA MATLAB HG dio tgo: Chinh quy Ma HP: 2110 BAI THUC HANH SO 1. CHUONG 1. MATLAB CO BAN 1.1 Biéu thire Matlab Bai tip 1.1. Tinh bang tay cdc biéu thie sau rdi thir Igi bing MATLAB: 1. 10/2\5-3+2*4 5. 2+floor(6/11)/2-3 2. 34214 6. 2+eeil(-6/9)-3 3. 34242 7. fix(-4/9)+fix(3*(5/6)) 4, 2+round(6/9+3*2)/2-3 Bai tap 1.2. Cho a=36,b=15. Tinh bing tay cdc biéu thie sau réi thir lai bing MATLAB: 1. mod(a,b) 3. ged(a,b) 2. rem(a,b) 4, lem(a,b) Thit lai voi cdc c&p gid tri (a,b) khéc. Bai tip 1.3. Dy dodn két qua nhig phép todn sau, gidi thich va kiém tra Iai bing MATLAB: 1 & -1 4.0 <= 02 = 04 2:13 & -6 5.5 > 4 >3 3. 0 < -20 62>3 &1 1.2 Vector vi ma tran Bai tp 1.4. Nhfp vao vector x=[3 1 5 7 9 2 6], dy doan két qua ciia cdc dng Iénh sau va thit Iai bing MATLAB: 1. x(3) 2. x(1:7) iDai hoc Bach khoa Ha Vign Toan tg dyng va Tin hoc 3. x(I:end) 6. x(f1 6 2 1 I) 4, x(I:end—1) 7. sum(x), min (x), max (x). 5. x(6:-2:1) Baitp 1s. Cho x=[1 5 2 8 9 0 I] va y=[5 2 2 6 0 0 2] gidi thich két qua ca cde ding lénh sau: lL x>y 5. y>ox 9. (x>y)I(yy) & (y3)&(x<8) 4. x((x<2)|(x>=8)) 2. x(x>5) 5. y((x<2)](x>=8)) 3. y(x<=4) 6. x(y<0) Baitip 8. Cho 4=[2 7 9 7; 3.15 6 8 1 2 5], x=[1 4 8], va y=[2 1 5]. Xét xem dong lénh nao hop 1é, dy doan két qua, gidi thich va thi lai bing MATLAB: 1. buy] 5. A(:) 2. [xy] 6. [4:A(end,:)] 3. A(:,[L4]) 7. A(1:3,:) 4.42 3)[3 1) 8. [4a(t:2,)]Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha N6i Vign Todn img dung va Tin hoc Bai ip 1.9. Cho x=[2 -S 1 6]. Viét cdc Iénh thyc hign: ‘ng thém 16 vao tit ca cae phan tir 2. Céng thém 3 vao cde phan ti 6 vj tri lé 3. Lay can bac 2 ciia tit ca cdc phan tir e6 gid tri duong 4, Binh phuong tit ca cdc phan tt Bai tip 1.10, Tao vector x = randperm(35) (tao ng4u nhién mét hoan vi tir 1 dén 35). Viét cdc lénh dé tinh ham sau sit dung chi sé logic: Baitép 1.11. Cho x=[3, 15, 9, 12, -1, 0, -12, 9 6 I]. ‘Viet lénh chuyén cdc gid tri duong thanh 0. Chuyén cac béi sé cia 3 thanh s6 3. eRe Nhén céc gid tri chin voi 5. 4. Chuyén céc gia tri nhé hon trung binh cng thanh 0. Bai tip 1.12. Cho cde vector cot x=[3 2 6 8],y=[4 1 3 5]. 1. Lay téng cac phan tt ciia x thém vao tig phan ti cia y. 2. Lay thita mdi phan tir clia x véi sé mi 14 cdc phan ti cila y tuong ting. 3. Chia cde phan tir trong ting cia y cho x, 4, Nhan cae phan tir tuong img cila x vay va gan két qua cho vector w. 5. Tinh x.*y—w 6. Tinh tich v6 huéng ciiax vay. Bai tap 1.13. Cho x=[1 4 8],y=[2 1 5] va A=[3 1 6 5 2 7]. Xét xem dong lénh nao hgp Ié, dir dodn két qua va thit Iai bing MATLAB: loxty 4. A-[x' y'] 2. x+A 5, A-3 3. oxthy Bai tip 1.14. Cho 4=[2 7 9 7; 3.1.5 6 8 1 2 5], dydodnkétquacéc 1énh, giai thich va thir lai bing MATLAB: 13