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Arts
Quarter 2 – Module 1:
Analyzing the Elements and Principles Used in
Renaissance and Baroque Arts
Arts – Grade 9
Quarter 2 – Module 1: Analyzing the Elements and Principles Used in Renaissance
and Baroque Arts

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writers:Mark Anthony O. Taduran
Editors: Cloyd M. Lagyap
Reviewers: Name
Illustrator: Mark Anthony O. Taduran
Layout Artist: Name

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 What I Need to Know

In this module, you will put your knowledge on the different elements and
principles of Arts to test. You will be able to recognize and identify the elements
and principles are used and applied in Renaissance and Baroque Arts.

As previously learned, each and every civilization of the world has its own distinct
art forms depending on its aesthetic and utilitarian needs. Different eras have
different styles, characteristics, and functions of the arts occurred but all of those
contributed in the development and establishing the importance of arts in our lives
today.

This module will also help you understand the differences and uniqueness of the
above-mentioned art styles by knowing how theelements and principles are
utilized, combined and applied during the Renaissance and Baroque periods.

Are you now ready? Good luck!

Objectives: Analyze art elements and principles in the production of work following
a specific art style from the Neoclassicism and Romantic periods (A9PL-IIIb-1)

What I Know

I. From the word pool below, enumerate the different Elements and
Principles of Art. Write according to the following table:

Contrast Line Proportion Shape

Rhythm Space Balance
Form Value Texture Pattern Repitition Movement
Color Emphasis Unity Variety

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 Elements Principles

II. Try to identify the different elements and principles of art used and applied in
the following works of art. Also write whether the sample art was made during
theRenaissance or Baroque period.

1. The Ecstacy of St. Theresa by Bernini

Period: ________________________________

Artble, The Ecstacy of Saint Theresa

(Bernini),https://www.artble.com/imgs/d/a/5/431705/the_ecstasy_of_saint_theresa.jpg

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 Elements Used Principles Applied

2. The Last Supper by Da Vinci

Period: _________________________________________

Wikipedia, The Last Supper (Leonardo),https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Last_Supper_-

_Leonardo_Da_Vinci_-_High_Resolution_32x16.jpg

Elements Used Principles Applied

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 Analyzing the Elements
Lesson
and Principles Used in
1 Renaissance and Baroque
Arts

What’s In

ELEMENTS OF ARTS:
The building blocks or ingredients of art.

 LINE - A mark with length and direction. A continuous mark made on a

surface .by a moving point.
 COLOR - Consists of Hue (another word for color), Intensity (brightness) and
Value (lightness or darkness).
 VALUE - The lightness or darkness of a color.
 SHAPE - An enclosed area defined and determined by other art elements; 2-
dimensional. A shape may be geometric or free-form.
 FORM - A 3-dimensional object; or something in a 2-dimensional artwork
that appears to be 3-dimensional.
 SPACE - The distance or area between, around, above, below, or within
things.
 TEXTURE - The surface quality or "feel" of an object, its smoothness,
roughness, softness, etc.

PRINCIPLES OF ART:
What we use to organize the Elements of Art, or the tools to make art.

 BALANCE - The way the elements are arranged to create a feeling of stability
in a work.
 EMPHASIS - The focal point of an image.
 CONTRAST - A large difference between two things to create interest and
tension.
 RHYTHM & MOVEMENT - A regular repetition of elements to produce the
look and feel of movement.
 PATTERN/REPETITION - Repetition of an object or symbol to create a
unified look, shape and design.
 UNITY - When all the elements and principles work together to create a
pleasing image.
 VARIETY - The use of differences and change to increase the visual interest
of the work.
 PROPORTION - The comparative relationship of one part to another with
respect to size, quantity, or degree.

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 What’s New

VOCABULARY:

 Renaissance- The word“renaissance” comes from the word“renaitre”, which

means, “rebirth.” It pertains to arts, particularly in Italy, such as sculptures,
paintings, music, architecture, and literature.

Arts of the Renaissance Period covers artworks produced during the 14th,
15thand 16thcenturies in Europe.The most common subject of this period is
human philosophy. Famous artists of this era were Michelangelo, Leonardo
Da Vinci, Raphael and Donatello.

 Baroque- The term Baroque was derived from the Portuguese word “barocco”
which means “irregularly shapedpearl or stone.”It describes a fairly complex
idiom and focuses on painting, sculpture, as well as architecture.

The arts of the Baroque Period aremore elaborate and full of emotion. They
developed in Europe around the 1600’s. This type of art form was highly
encouraged by the Catholic Church to propagate itsdogma. Artists who were
popular during this era were Caravaggio, Rubens, Velasquez, Rembrandt,
and Bernini.

What is It

RENAISSANCE PERIOD (1400-1600)

Italian Renaissance began in the late 14thcentury. It wasan era of great artistic and
intellectual achievementwith the birth of secular art.

The focus of Renaissance art was on realistic and humanistic art characterized by
accurate anatomy, scientific perspective, and deeper landscape.Renaissance
painters depicted real-life figuresand their sculptureswere naturalistic portraits of
human beings.

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Here are some examples of Renaissance Art:

“Pieta” by Michelangelo

Wikipedia, Pieta (Michelangelo), Stanislav Traykov, Niabot (cut

out)https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Michelangelo%27s_Pieta_5450_cut_out_black.jpg
“The Last Supper” by Da Vinci

Wikipedia, The Last Supper (Leonardo),https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Last_Supper_-

_Leonardo_Da_Vinci_-_High_Resolution_32x16.jpg

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 ELEMENTS USED:
Lines as depicted in through the walls,
windows, table, human figures
Shape/Form: naturalistic style. The
human anatomy is real-life.
Texture: Smooth walls, clothing with
drapes and folds
Color and Value: clothes with distinctive
colors. Shades, shadows, and highlights
add volume and realism to the clothing
and skin of the human figures
Space: depth and perspective separate
the foreground from the background
Proportion:
“The Transfiguration” by Raphael
PRINCIPLES APPLIED:
Unity:characters in the foreground and
objects in background unite into one
theme: The Last Supper
Balance:
- Formal and almost symmetrical
Emphasis/Contrast:
- The man in the middle (Jesus Christ)
is emphasized well and gains more
focus as he is in contrast with the
blue skies in the blackground.
Pattern:
- Repeated lines and shapes shown in
the windows, columns and pattern
on the table cloth
Rhythm/Movement:
- implied by the actions/gesturesand
the directions the human figures
seem to lean on to.
- size of the human figures is realistic
as compared to the room.
- Anatomy of the subjects’ bodies is
real-life
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 Wikipedia, Transfiguration
(Rafael),https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Transfiguration_Raphael.jpg

David by Donatello

Wikipedia, David (Donatello),https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Florence_-

_David_by_Donatello.jpg

BAROQUE ART (1600-1800)

After the idealism of Renaissance, the slightly forcednature of “mannerism ”, and

although always in conflict with the simple, clear, and geometric concepts of
classicism, Baroque art existed in varying degrees of intensity, from a simple
animated movement of lines and surfaces, to a richand dynamic wealth.Baroque
wasa period of artistic styles in exaggerated motion, drama, tension, and grandeur.

Baroque sculpture, typically larger than life size,is marked by a similar sense of
dynamic movement, along with an active use of space.Baroque architecture was
designed to create spectacle and illusion. Thus the straight lines of the Renaissance
were replaced with flowing curves.

Here are some examples of Baroque Art:

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 “Conversion of St. Paul” by Carravagio

Wikipedia, Conversion On The Way To Damascus

(Caravaggio),https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Conversion_on_the_Way_to_Damascus-
Caravaggio_(c.1600-1).jpg
“The Ecstacy of Saint Theresa” by Bernini

Artble, The Ecstacy of Saint Theresa

(Bernini),https://www.artble.com/imgs/d/a/5/431705/the_ecstasy_of_saint_theresa.jpg

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 ELEMENTS USED: PRINCIPLES APPLIED:

Lines: golden rays in the background and Unity:still dramatically thematic though
the organic lines in the drapery with emphasis and accents

Shape/Form: exaggerated poses yet Balance:

anatomically realistic human figures - informal, asymmetrical

Texture: Smooth but excessive clothing Emphasis/Contrast:

drapes and folds - gold accents don’t overpower the
main subject/figures
Color and Value: the presence of gold
colors as accents Pattern:
- the repeated lines of the golden rays
Space: depth and perspective separate seem to emanate like converging
the foreground from the background lines

Rhythm/Movement:
- implied by the theatrical
actions/gesturesof the subject and
the flow of the drapery in the
clothing

Proportion:
- the whole sculpture is larger than
life but anatomy is real-
life/realistically proportioned
“Self-Portrait” by Rembrandt

Britannica.com, Self-Portrait (Rembrandt),https://cdn.britannica.com/82/190482-050-33D2C4C5/Self-

Portrait-canvas-Rembrandt-van-Rijn-Washington-DC.jpg

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 “Portrait of Helene Fourment” by Rubens”

Wikipedia, Helena Fourment

(Rubens),https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Paul_RubensHelenaFourmentGulbenkian.jpg

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 What’s More

ACTIVITY: Analyzing Renaissance and Baroque Art

Based from the previous learning activity, identify in WHAT PERIODwere these
made. Write on the space provided HOW the elements and principles of art were
depicted, shown, implied, used and applied in the following artworks.

ARTWORKS ELEMENTS USED PRINCIPLES APPLIED

Line: Proportion:

Rhythm:
Shape:
Contrast:

Form: Balance:

Space: Pattern:

Color: Emphasis:

Value: Unity:

Texture: Variety:
PERIOD:________________________________

Line: Proportion:

Shape: Rhythm:

Form: Contrast:

Balance:
Space:
Pattern:

Color: Emphasis:

Unity:
Value:
Variety:
Texture:
PERIOD:_________________________________

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 Line: Proportion:

Shape: Rhythm:

Form: Contrast:

Space: Balance:

Color:
Pattern:

Value:
Emphasis:

Texture:
Unity:

Variety:
PERIOD:_________________________________

Line: Proportion:

Shape: Rhythm:

Form: Contrast:

Space: Balance:

Color: Pattern:

Value: Emphasis:

Texture: Unity:

Variety:

PERIOD:_________________________________

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 What I Have Learned

ANALYSIS:
1. Are there any differences as to how the elements and principles of art
were used and applied in Renaissance and Baroque artworks?
2. What are the differences? What are the similarities?
3. Do these differences help in making Renaissance and Baroque unique
from each other?

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 What I can do

POP CULTURE:

SYFY WIRE, Exclusive: The incredible step by step artistry of making NECA's Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles toys,
https://www.syfy.com/sites/syfy/files/styles/1140x640_hero/public/syfywire_blog_post/2018/09/neca_tmnt_he
ro.jpg

In pop culture (film, cartoon series, toys, etc.), the “Teenage Mutant Ninja
Turtles” are composed of four different main characters with distinctive traits,
skills and weapons, who would you would like to be? Choose one: Leonardo (blue),
Donatello (violet), Michelangelo (orange), or Raphael (red)? Using your knowledge
on analyzing different elements and principles of art, explain why you choose to be
this character? Be creative with your answer.

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 Assessment

ESSAY: Analyzing Renaissance and Baroque Art

In a paragraph or two, write your analysis on how the elements and principles of
art were used and applied in these artworks.

TITLE:______________________________
ARTIST:____________________________
PERIOD:____________________________

TITLE:______________________________
ARTIST:____________________________
PERIOD:____________________________

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 Additional Activities

RENAISSANCE OR BAROQUE: Create your own artwork

1. Using a camera, take picture of yourself, or using any art material (pencil,
crayon, watercolour, oil pastel, etc.), draw a portrait of yourself.

2. When taking a photo or drawing your portrait, add exaggerated emotions,

exporessions, pose, gestures, or actions to it.

3. You also can use any apps on your phone or computer to edit the color and
appearance of the photo. If drawn, applycolors on your drawing giving
emphasis on light and dark colors to your work.

4. Analyze your own artwork by identifying the elements and principles of art
applied in it.

Answer key

What I Know
Answers to this activity are discussed in “What Is It.”

What’s More
ARTWORKS ELEMENTS USED
Line: organic lines in the
subject’s bodies and clothing
Shape/Form:organic shapes
and free forms in the subject’s
bodies and clothing
PRINCIPLES APPLIED
Proportion: anatomically realistic
though Jesus’s body seem smaller that
Mary’s
Rhythm:lines created by drapery
create a flowing movement

Space:drapery and Balance: formal, almost symmetrical

bodiessculpture look volumetric
PERIOD: Emphasis:emphasis on the expression
Renaissance Value:shadows cast by the and pose
sculpted parts add depth and
volume Unity:whole composition creates a
mourning, lamenting theme
Texture:smooth

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What’s More
ARTWORKS ELEMENTS USED PRINCIPLES APPLIED
Line:organic lines in the Proportion:human bodies and horse
subject’s bodies and clothing areanatomically realistic

Shape/Form:organic shapes Rhythm:lines created by men’s

and free forms in the subject’s drapery, pose, and horse’s raised foot
bodies and clothing. Strong imply movement
shadows create illusion of
volume and depth Contrast:chiaroscuro style – light and
dark contrast
Space:illusion of perspective
PERIOD: and foreshortening Balance: informal, asymmetrical
Baroque
Color/ Value:contrasting dark Unity:thematic yet not so much focus
shadows with shades of red,
brown and yellow colors

Texture:noticeable brushstrokes

Line:organic lines in the Proportion:human anatomy is real-life

subject’s bodies and clothing
Shape/Form:organic shapes
and free forms in the subject’s
bodies and clothing.
Contrast:chiaroscuro style – light and
dark contrast
Balance: informal, asymmetrical

Space:Strong shadows create Emphasis: focus on well lit face

illusion of volume and depth
PERIOD: Unity:colors are almost monochromatic
Baroque Color/ Value:contrasting dark
shadows with lit face of skin
tones, brown and yellow shades

Texture:noticeable brushstrokes
Line: organic lines in the Proportion: anatomically realistic
sculpture’s body, sword, hat, etc.
Rhythm:lines created by hair, body’s
Shape/Form:organic shapes pose (folded arms and legs) give grace,
and free forms in the subject’s resting action
body, sword, hat, etc
Balance: formal, vertically balanced
Space:sculpture is 3D and real-
life volumetric Emphasis:emphasis on the pose, and
the cut head at the subject’s feet
Value:shadows cast by the
sculpted parts add depth and Unity:whole composition creates a
PERIOD: volume resting, triumphant theme
Renaissance
Texture:smooth

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Assessment

All the elements of art are utilized in Da Vinci’s Monalisa. Organic lines
and free-form shapes are evident in both the main subject and the
background. There’s an illusion of realism and volumetric form in the
painting depicted by the way Da Vinci masterfully used highlights and
shadows in his combination and manipulation of both warm and cool
colors. Space is also vastly shown in the Italianlandscape behind the
main figure where atmospheric perspective is applied through
vanishing details and receding color values of the trees and skies. The
brushstrokes are less visible creating an overall smooth texture.

Several principles of art are also apparently adapted in this famous

Renaissance masterpiece. The most obvious perhaps is the realistic
proportion of the main subject’s anatomy. Monalisa becomes more real
TITLE:Monalisa like an old photograph of a lady with a natural, calm facial expression
ARTIST:Da Vinci which seems to be emphasized in this particular work of art. The
composition is formally and vertically balanced with the main figure
PERIOD:Renaissance right at the center of the canvas. While all the elements are united to
create a pleasing portrait of a renaissance maidenback-dropped by a
richly-colored landscape, contrast between the main figure and the
background can also be noticedas the viewer’s attention lingers on
Monalisa’s indiscernible expression which made this art one of the
most talked about painting for so many years.

This Baroque painting by Rubens used every element of art from the
organic and spontaneous brush-lines that form into a real-life portrait
of a fair-skinned woman with an elaborately drapedclothing, to the
brush-textured background of clouds and landscape. What’s also very
noticeable in this work of art is the rendering of highlights and
midtones of the black dress which depicts a shiny satin look. It
contrasts the porcelain white and rosy skin of the main subject,
“Helena Fourment.”

Even with a lot of details – intricate clothing patterns, brimmed hat,

laces, ruffles, fluffy feather, among others – Rubens was also able to
unify all of these elements into a portrait of a remarkably beautiful
woman. There’s also a pleasing informal balance demonstrated by a
slightly diagonal ground that helps create a not-so-horizontal
TITLE: composition. Emphasis is on the upper torso of the painting,
accentuated by the glowing skintones and the dress details. Helena
Helena Fourment also is well proportioned and anatomically realistic. There’s something
ARTIST: Rubens really graceful implied in this painting despite the main subject being
in a standing position.
PERIOD: Baroque

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 References

A Journey Through Western Music and Arts 9 Learner’s Module by Department of

Education, pp. 199 - 237

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