A representative from a sales department purchases pens from a vendor to give away at trade

shows. Each shipment of pens has a lot size of 5000 pens. The sales representative wants to
implement a sampling plan so that the entire lot of pens is either accepted or rejected. The sales
representative and the vendor agree that the AQL for the sampling plan is 1.5% and that the RQL
is 10%.
 A representative from a sales department purchases pens from a vendor to give away at trade
shows. Each shipment of pens has a lot size of 5000 pens. The sales representative has a sampling
plan to inspect 52 pens from each lot. If the number of defective pens is 2 or less, the sales
representative accepts the entire shipment. Assume that the AQL is 1.5% and the RQL is 10%.

The sales manager wants to evaluate the risk associated with reducing the number of pens in the
sample to 25 pens and reducing the acceptance number to 1.
A manufacturing engineer receives weekly shipments of 2-inch plastic pipe segments for an
assembly process. The lot size is 2500.

The engineer decides to implement a sampling plan to verify the pipe wall thickness. The lower
specification for the pipe wall thickness is 0.09 inches. The engineer and the supplier agree that
the AQL is 100 defectives per million and the RQL is 300 defectives per million.
A manufacturing engineer has implemented a variables sampling plan to verify the wall thickness
of incoming 2-inch pipe. The lower specification for the pipe wall thickness is 0.09 inches. The
engineer and the supplier agree that the AQL is 100 defectives per million and the RQL is 300
defectives per million. Based on these specifications, the engineer randomly selects and measures
104 pipes per lot of 2500 pipes. If the calculated Z-value is greater than the critical distance
(3.55750), the engineer accepts the entire lot.

The shift supervisor is concerned that measuring 104 pipes will take too much time. The
supervisor prefers to measure fewer pipes, such as 50 pipes. The engineer agrees to examine a
few different sampling plans to determine the risks and benefits of each plan.
A camera manufacturer receives shipments of 3,600 lenses several times a week. The quality
team takes samples of 259 lenses from each shipment and measures the thickness to determine
whether to accept or reject the entire lot of lenses. A defective lens is one that is thicker than
0.415 inch, which is the upper specification limit (USL), or thinner than 0.395 inch, which is the
lower specification limit (LSL).

From the lot of 3,600 lenses, the manufacturer and its supplier agree to set the acceptable quality
level (AQL) to 100 defectives per million and the rejectable quality level (RQL) to 600 defectives
per million. Using a producer's risk (alpha) of 0.05 and a consumer's risk of 0.10, Minitab
determines that an appropriate sampling plan is to randomly select and inspect 259 of the 3,600
lenses. The critical value is approximately 3.4 and the maximum standard deviation is
approximately 0.003.

The quality team collects data from the most recent shipment to determine whether to accept or
reject the entire lot of lenses.

Thickness
0.401459
0.406743
0.347453
0.372065
0.370939
0.407762
0.3813
0.347981
0.403961
0.39637
0.288167
0.402929
0.487866
0.411347
0.466701
0.378552
0.384707
0.364431
0.436264
0.384314
0.34591
0.431892
0.409452
0.50238
0.437265
0.314315
0.395875
0.434765
0.432902
0.487663
0.339372
0.410107
0.431869
0.358384
0.467789
0.45789
0.335556
0.464161
0.430767
0.385754
0.456477
0.319606
0.416411
0.468448
0.380034
0.28172
0.420314
0.371866
0.345807
0.309475
0.350288
0.393804
0.385762
0.470557
0.392734
0.324299
0.405658
0.385199
0.453874
0.465425
0.430087
0.428654
0.402218
0.30026
0.324387
0.341412
0.405835
0.411773
0.432952
0.351213
0.376247
0.454547
0.422911
 0.47195
0.445265
0.357461
0.385456
0.403186
0.397607
0.335519
0.385873
0.428819
0.418967
0.406283
0.43827
0.402335
0.366366
0.385747
0.485925
0.431255
0.401611
0.348392
0.32651
0.37115
0.397184
0.444949
0.460733
0.356333
0.35531
0.36806
0.425836
0.403101
0.441767
0.461712
0.38886
0.381573
0.395742
0.359271
0.406465
0.358029
0.380802
0.423939
0.375604
0.45975
0.405579
0.362704
0.397169
0.479604
0.397784
0.362413
0.411099
0.399869
0.364255
0.432307
0.462192
0.37662
0.402267
0.400448
0.387244
0.406221
0.332886
0.430083
0.42403
0.361737
0.423464
0.383426
0.434491
0.426681
0.371841
0.33067
0.422543
0.391755
0.361716
0.344407
0.404862
0.431677
0.348705
0.434183
0.396578
0.377621
0.431912
0.399382
0.523285
0.434826
0.410991
0.404015
0.293051
0.40375
0.321513
0.344658
0.459994
0.432541
0.402444
0.431119
0.346379
0.404537
0.409515
0.438639
0.452917
0.368944
0.452608
0.291769
0.384168
0.421115
0.475418
0.41716
0.437736
0.392793
0.455378
0.378657
0.387761
0.369469
0.388105
0.438588
0.457168
0.347036
0.401665
0.361641
0.363981
0.386918
0.465332
0.357635
0.382979
0.465171
0.480904
0.427274
0.507298
0.395114
0.469604
0.493547
0.393821
0.352911
0.410532
0.378516
0.374827
0.414582
0.430075
0.41998
 0.44779
0.440308
0.348765
0.434897
0.370385
0.390695
0.424699
0.459755
0.367344
0.344246
0.377798
0.518366
0.388876
0.340711
0.398828
0.531129
0.384519
0.450783
0.447412
0.486889
0.441602
0.368377
0.410967
0.479511
0.448622
0.432537
0.371451
0.357622
0.351903
0.388235
0.33155
0.374651
0.457184
0.362526
0.361265
0.442533
0.486251
0.434658
0.272191
0.410123
0.403917
0.416867
0.358484
0.412904
0.416669
0.421226
0.462799
0.480191
0.370842
0.495478
0.368254