Geometrical Optics 1

6. An object is gradually moving away from the

GEOMETRICAL OPTICS focal point of a concave mirror along the axis
1. If we need a magnification of 375 from a of the mirror. The graphical representation of
compound microscope of tube length 150 mm the magnitude of linear magnification (m)
and an objective of focal length 5 mm, the focal versus distance of the object from the mirror
length of the eye-piece, should be close to : (x) is correctly given by :
(1) 22 mm (2) 12 mm (Graphs are drawn schematically and are not
(3) 33 mm (4) 2 mm to scale)
2. A thin lens made of glass (refractive index = m
1.5) of focal length f = 16 cm is immersed in a
liquid of refractive index 1.42. If its focal length 1
x
in liquid is f1, then the ratio fl/f is closest to the (1) f 2f
integer :
(1) 1 (2) 5 (3) 9 (4) 17 m
3. The magnifying power of a telescope with tube
60 cm is 5. What is the focal length of its eye 1

4.
piece ?

EN
(1) 30 cm (2) 40 cm (3) 20 cm (4) 10 cm
The critical angle of a medium for a specific
wavelength, if the medium has relative

permittivity 3 and relative permeability

4
3
for
(2)

(3)
m

1
f 2f

f 2f
x

this wavelength, will be :

LL
(1) 60° (2) 15° (3) 45° (4) 30° m
5. A point object in air is in front of the curved
surface of a plano-convex lens. The radius of 1
x
curvature of the curved surface is 30 cm and (4) f 2f
the refractive index of the lens material is 1.5,
then the focal length of the lens (in cm) is ---–.
7. A vessel of depth 2h is half filled with a liquid
A

of refractive index 2 2 and the upper half with

another liquid of refractive index 2 . The

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liquids are immiscible. The apparent depth of

the inner surface of the bottom of vessel
will be :

h 3 h h
(1) (2) h 2 (3) 2 2 1 (4) 3 2
2 4

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2 Geometrical Optics
8. There is a small source of light at some depth 11. An observer can see through a small hole on
below the surface of water (refractive the side of a jar (radius 15 cm) at a point at
height of 15 cm from the bottom (see figure).
4
index = ) in a tank of large cross sectional The hole is at a height of 45 cm. When the jar
3
is filled with a liquid up to a height of 30 cm
surface area. Neglecting any reflection from the same observer can see the edge at the
the bottom and absorption by water, percentage bottom of the jar. If the refractive index of the
of light that emerges out of surface is (nearly) : liquid N/100, where N is an integer, the value
[Use the fact that surface area of a spherical cap of N is___________.
of height h and radius of curvature r is 2 rh]:
(1) 17% (2) 21%
(3) 34% (4) 50%

\\\\
\\\\

Object
\
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

45 cm
9.
20 16
(cm)
EN
12 8 4
\\ \ 15 cm
\

A spherical mirror is obtained as shown in the
figure from a hollow glass sphere. If an object
is positioned in front of the mirror, what will
be the nature and magnification of the image
of the object ? (Figure drawn as schematic and
LL
not to scale)
(1) Inverted, real and magnified
(2) Erect, virtual and magnified
(3) Erect, virtual and unmagnified
(4) Inverted, real and unmagnified
10. A light ray enters a solid glass sphere of
refractive index 3 at an angle of
A
15 cm
12. When an object is kept at a distance of 30 cm
from a concave mirror, the image is formed at
a distance of 10 cm from the mirror. If the object
is moved with a speed of 9 cms–1, the speed
(in cms –1 ) with which image moves at that
instant is _______.
13. In a compound microscope, the magnified
virtual image is formed at a distance of 25 cm
from the eye-piece. The focal length of its

objective lens is 1 cm. If the magnification is

incidence 60°. The ray is both reflected and
100 and the tube length of the microscope is
refracted at the farther surface of the sphere.
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20 cm, then the focal length of the eye-piece

The angle (in degrees) between the reflected
lens (in cm) is ________.
and refracted rays at this surface is______.
14. The distance between an object and a screen is
100 cm. A lens can produce real image of the
object on the screen for two different positions
between the screen and the object. The distance
between these two positions is
40 cm. If the power of the lens is close to

N
D where N is an integer, the value of N
100
is ______.

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 Geometrical Optics 3

15. For a concave lens of focal length f, the relation
between object and image distance u and v,
respectively, from its pole can best be
represented by (u = v is the reference line):
v v
v
17. A prism of angle A = 1° has a refractive index
= 1.5. A good estimate for the minimum
angle of deviation (in degrees) is close to N/
10. Value of N is ______.
18. A point like object is placed at a distance of
1m in front of a convex lens of focal length

v
u=

u=
f f 0.5 m. A plane mirror is placed at a distance of
2 m behind the lens. The position and nature
(1) (2)
of the final image formed by the system is :
u f u
f (1) 1 m from the mirror, virtual
(2) 1 m from the mirror, real
(3) 2.6 m from the mirror, real
v v
v

(4) 2.6 m from the mirror, virtual

v
u=

u=

f f
19. A double convex lens has power P and same
(3) (4) radii of curvature R of both the surfaces. The
radius of curvature of a surface of a plano-

16. EN
f u f

A compound microscope consists of an objective

u

lens of focal length 1cm and an eye piece of focal

length 5 cm with a separation of 10 cm.
The distance between an object and the
objective lens, at which the strain on the eye is
convex lens made of the same material with
power 1.5 P is:

(1)
R
2
(2) 2R (3)
3R
2
(4)
R
3

n
minimum is cm. The value of n is ____.
LL
40
A
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4 Geometrical Optics
SOLUTION 7. NTA Ans. (2)

1. NTA Ans. (1)

h
LD 150 250 = 2
Sol. m 375
fe f 0 f e 25
Sol.
h =2 2
fe = 20 mm.
2. NTA Ans. (3)
For near normal incidence,
1 µ2 1 1 h actual
Sol. Using f 1 happ =
µ1 R1 R2
in

ref .
1 1.5 1 1
1 ....(1)
f 1 R1 R2 h
h
2 2
1 1.5 1 1 2
and f 1 ....(2) 3h 3
1.42 R1 R2 happarent h 2

3.
1

equation (1)/(2),

we get

= 8.93
NTA Ans. (4)
f1
f
9
EN
0.5
0.056
8. NTA Ans. (1)

4
1
2

r
2 2 4

Sol. L = f0 + fe = 60 cm 3
h
Sol.
LL
f0
M 5
fe
f0 = 5fe
6fe = 60 cm 4
sin 1sin 90
fe = 10 cm 3
4. NTA Ans. (4)
3
1 1 sin
sin 4
A

Sol. C
3 4/3 Area of sphere in which light spread = 4 R2
C = 30°
= 2 (1 – cos )
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5. NTA Ans. (60.00)

7
Sol. Using Lens-Maker's formula : 2 1
4
1 1 1
( 1) P 4 steradians
f R1 R2
P
P' 1 cos
1 1 4
(1.5 1) 0
f 30
7
f = 60 cm 2 1 cos 1 cos 1
6. NTA Ans. (2) Ratio = P' 4
P 4 2 2
1 1 1
Sol. 0.33
v u f 0.17
At focus m = x=f 2
At centre m = –1 x = 2f Correct answer (1)
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 Geometrical Optics 5
9. Official Ans. by NTA (1) 11. Official Ans. by NTA (158)
Official Ans. by ALLEN (4) 15 1
Sol. tan r
8 30 2
Sol. f 4cm
2
1
u = –10 cm sin r
v=? 5

1 1 1
as Initiatly
v u f
1 1 1 15 45° 15
15 15
v 10 4
1 1 1 r
1sin45° = µsin r 30 30
v 10 4 Finally

1 4 10 15
v 40
40 1 1
v

m
6
20
3

u
v

20
EN N
100
2

5
2
5

1.581

3 2 N = 100 µ
m m N = 158.11
LL
10 3
So integer value of N = 15800
or image will be real, inverted and unmagnified.
12. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
10. Official Ans. by NTA (90.00)
dv v 2 du
Sol.
60° dt 42 dt
B
Refracted
10
2 9 1m / s
Reflected 30
Sol. A =30°
A

O 13. Official Ans. by NTA (5)

60°
µ =1 Official Ans. by ALLEN (4.48)
µ= 3
Sol.
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fe
By Snell's law at A : f0=1cm 25cm O object
I1 I2 I1 image formed by 1st lens
1 × sin60° = 3 sin O
x v1 I2 image formed by 2nd lens
3
3 sin
2 20cm

1
sin 30 1 1 1 x
2 for first lens = v v1
1 x 1 x 1
So at B :
+ 60° + = 180°
30° + 60° + = 180°
= 90°

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6 Geometrical Optics
Case-II
v1 1
also magnification |m1| = u If u =
1 x 1
then v = f
for 2nd lens this is acting as object Only option (4) satisfies this condition.
x 16. Official Ans. by NTA (50.00)
so u2 = –(20 – v1) = – 20 Sol. Final image at
x 1
obj. for eye piece at 5cm
and v2 = –25cm image for objective at 5 cm
D 25 1 1 1 1 1
angular magnification |mA| = u | u2 | – = + =1
2 v u f 5 x
Total magnification m = m1mA = 100
1 1 4 5
1 x
x 5 5 4
1 25 17. Official Ans. by NTA (5.00)
100
x 1 x Sol. min = (µ – 1) A
20
x 1 = (1.5 – 1)1
= 0.5
25
20(x 1) x

76x = 81

u2 = – 20
EN
100

81 / 76
x=

81 / 76 1
now by lens formula
1 80(x 1) 4x

81
76
19
5
18.
min =

N=5
5
10

Official Ans. by NTA (1,4)

Official Ans. by ALLEN (3)

1m 1m 1m 1m

Object I1 I2
1 1 1 25 19 Sol.
fe 4.48cm
LL
25 19 / 5 fe 106 f = 0.5m Mirror
14. Official Ans. by NTA (5) Object is at 2f. So image will also be at '2f'.
Official Ans. by ALLEN (476) (I1).
Sol. Using displacement method Image of I1 will be 1m behind mirror.
D2 d 2 i.e. I2
f= Now I2 will be object for lens.
4D
u – 3m
Here, D = 100 cm
f +0.5 m
A

d = 40 cm
1 1 1 1 1
100 2 402
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f= 21 cm v f u 0.5 3
4(100)
3
1 100 N 100 v 0.6m
P= D N = 47 5
f 21 100 21 So total distance from mirror 2 + 0.6
15. Official Ans. by NTA (4) 2.6 m and real image
Ans. (3)
uf
Sol. v =
u f
Case-I
If v = u
f+u=f
u=0

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 Geometrical Optics 7
19. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
R

µ
Sol.

R1 = R2 = R
Power (P)
Refractive index is assume (µ )
1 2 R'
P ( 1) ....(i)
f R
µ
1 1
P' ( 1) ....(ii)
f' R'

P'

(
3
2
P

1)

R'
1
R'
R
3
EN 3
2
( 1)
2
R
LL
A
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