MASENO SCHOOL

Name ………………………………………………… Index No. ……………………

Candidate’s Signature ………………………… Date: ………………………….

THE MASENO SCHOOL MOCK EXAMINATIONS

231/1
BIOLOGY
PAPER 1
(THEORY)
JULY 2019
TIME: 2 HOURS
231/1-Biology- P1
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
BIOLOGY Friday 13/07/2019
PAPER 1
(THEORY) Time: 8:00am-10:00am
TIME: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1. Write your name and index number in the spaces provided.

2. Sign for examination in the spaces provided.
3. Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.
4. Answers must be written in the spaces provided in the question paper.
5. Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages
are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
6. The paper consists of 12 printed pages.
FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY:

Question Maximum Candidate’s

Score Score

1 – 28 80

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1.Name the plant excretory products used for the following (2mk)

i) Manufacture of vehicle tyres.

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ii) Induce polyploidy in plant breeding research

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2. State the function of the mapighian layer of the skin. (1mk)

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b) Why is sweating minimal in cold weather? (1mk)

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3. a) Two electron microscopes A & B have their resolution powers as 0.9µm and 0.4µm respectively.
Which of the two microscopes is better suited to view two organelles 0.6µm apart? Explain. (3mk)

Microscope…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Explanation…………………………………………………………………………………………………

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b) Why is the resolution power of the electron microscope higher than that of the light microscope?
(1mk)
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4.a) The diagrams below represent two types of germination. Name the structures that protect the shoot
tips from mechanical damage by the soil particles during germination in X and Y. (2mks)

X Y

X………………………………………………….Y………………………………………………….

b) How do gibberellins stimulate seed germination? (2mks)

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5. Name the tissues that carry out the following functions.

i) Hold the uterus onto the pelvic girdle (1mk)

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ii) Intestinal peristalsis (1mk)

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6. a) Form one student observed the following on the microscope’s field of view during a practical
lesson. They later counted fifteen cells along the diameter of the field of view. Estimate the size of one
cell in by showing your working (2mks)

b) A group of form one students observed a total of 10cells under X10 eye piece and X10 objective lens
magnification. They later changed the objective lens to that of X25 to observe the same slide. Calculate
the number of cells they were able to see. (2mks)

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7. How does increase in temperature affect the rate of enzyme- controlled reactions? (3mks)

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8. State three weaknesses of capture-recapture method of estimating population size. (3mks)

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9. Of what value are the following practices to farmers (2mks)

i) Liming of the soil

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ii)Mulching

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10.a) State one example of discontinuous variation in humans (1mk)

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b) Explain the concept of independent assortment as a cause of variations in living organisms (3mks)

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11. The population of species X at two different localities in a game reserve are as follows

Locality Number of X
A 107
B 6
a) State the characteristic of population depicted above (1mk)

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b) Explain the main effect of Chlorofluorocarbons in the environment (3mks)

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12. State the significance of the first and the second meiotic cell divisions in gametogenesis. (2mks)

i) First Division………………………………………………………………………………………

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 ii)Second Division……………………………………………………………………………………

13. a) What causes discontinuous growth in the organisms of the phylum Arthropoda? (2mks)

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b) Sketch the growth curve that would be obtained in a grasshopper using the variables on the set of
axes below. (1mk)

Body

Mass

Time

14. State two ways in which drug abuse exposes one to the danger of HIV/AIDS infection. (2mks)

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15.a) Briefly explain the biological significance of progesterone upsurge shortly after fertilization in the
human female. (2mks)

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c) The table below summarizes the function of the human testis. Complete it appropriately. (2mks)

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 d)
Part of testis Function

Interstitial cells

Produce spermatozoa

16. Explain the significance of enzymes in the process of the fertilization in humans (3mks)

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17. State two ways in which bacteria positively affect human life (2mks)

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18. The following set-up was made to investigate a certain physiological process by a form one
student. Use it to answer the questions that follow.

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 a) State two observations made in the set up after sometime (2mk)

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b) Explain your answer in (a) above. (2mks)

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19. The diagram below shows a section of a nucleic acid.

A C U A A C G A C

A) With a reason, identify the nucleic acid (2mks)

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b) State the function of D.N.A in protein synthesis (1mk)

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20. a) What is accommodation of the eye? (1mk)

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c) The following are parts of the human eye involved in accommodation.

• Lens.
• Suspensory ligaments.
• Ciliary muscles.

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State the order in which the above structures work to achieve accommodation (1mk)

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21. State the function of the Eustachian tube of the human ear (1mk)

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22. The diagram below shows a type of circulation in a group of animals. Use it to answer the questions
that follow.

a) Identify the parts labeled A and B. (2mks)

A-……………………………………………………………………………………………………
B-…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
b) State one cause of thrombosis in the arteries. (1mk)

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23.Explain how vigorous physical exercise affects the rate of breathing in humans. (2mk)

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c) The table below shows the composition of gaseous in inhaled and exhaled air. Study and use it
to answer the questions that follow.

Gas Percentage in Inhaled Percentage in

air exhaled air

Oxygen 20 16.9
Carbon IV 0.03 4.0
Oxide

Nitrogen and 79.97 79.97

other gases

Briefly explain the composition of Carbon(iv)Oxide in inhaled and exhaled air (2mk)

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24. The set up below was made by students during a practical lesson. Study and use it to answer the
questions that follow.

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a) State the aim of the experiment (1mk)

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b) Why were the vacuum flasks inverted? (1mk)

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c)State and explain the observation made at the end of the experiment. (2mks)

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25. Explain the role of the hypothalamus in the regulation of mammalian internal body temperature

(3mks)

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26. State the functions of the following in the pre- synaptic knob of a neuro-junction (2mks|)

i) Numerous mitochondria

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ii) Acetylcholine

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27. Define the term adaptive radiation (1mk)

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28. Name the photochemical that perceives light of high intensity in the human eye (1mk)

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