ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.

DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
LABORATORY WORKSHEET # 1 -A
INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY; AND SKELETAL SYSTEM PART 1

Introduction
1. Define anatomical position.
Anatomical position is a standard common point of reference that allows all of us
to discuss the parts of the body within the same frame of reference and experience.

2. Identify the position/ direction of the parts of the body pointed by the arrow.
Anterior

Coronal/
Frontal plane
Supination &
Adduction

Lateral rotation of the hip

3. Describe the position of the body with appropriate anatomical term.

Answer: Pronation

4. Describe the movement of the fingers.

Answer: Adduction

5. Identify the appropriate term of plane indicated by the red line.

Answer: Sagittal Plane

ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1

6. State the importance of the use of anatomical terms.

The importance of using anatomical terms is to easily understand and locate the
position of body parts when discussing anatomy.

Skeletal System Part 1

Axial Skeleton

1. Label the bones/part of bones pointed in the following images.

Cranial bones

Frontal lobe Parietal lobe

Temporal lobe
Sphenoid bone
Occipital lobe
Mastoid bone

Bone/part of bone

1. Maxillary Bone

2. Zygomatic Bone

3. Mandible Bone

4. Vomer Bone

5. Inferior Nasal Concha

6. Nasal Bone

7. Lacrimal Bone
ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
2. Name one structure that passes through the following openings pointed by red arrows
with letter. Answer below the image.
3. Identify the bones/part of bone with number.

1. Ethmoid Bone

2. Sphenoid Bone
a b
3. Frontal Bone
c
4. Temporal Bone
d
5. Occipital bone

a. Middle Meningeal Artery

b. Maxillary Artery

c. Mandibular nerve

d. Vagus nerve

4. Identify the whole bone below. Answer: Mandible

Name the region of the body where this is located. Answer: Face
ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
5. Label the segments of the vertebra indicated by the numbers.

1. Cervical Vertebra

2. Thoracic vertebra

3. Lumbar Vertebra

4. Sacrum

6. Identify the specific bones. Label the parts/features pointed.

a. Identify whole bone. Answer: Cervical Vertebrae

Bifid spinous process

Transverse Foramen
Name the blood vessel/that pass through
this opening. Answer: Vertebral Arteries
(Basilar Arteries)

b. Identify whole bone. Answer: Thoracic Vertebra

Transverse process with transverse costal

Body of vertebra facet

Superior costal facet Spinous process

Inferior costal facet

ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
C. Identify whole bone. Answer: Lumbar Vertebra
Label the parts pointed.

Body of Vertebra
Transverse process
Pedicle

Superior articular
process
Spinous process

d. Identify whole bone. Answer: Sacrum

Label the parts pointed
1
Base of sacrum

Anterior sacral
foramina

Name the specific bone that articulates with #1: 5th Lumbar Vertebra

e. Articulated lumbar vertebrae

1. Identify the structures pointed by blue arrows.
- Intervertebral disc (made up of annulus fibrosus
and nucleus pulposus).

State the importance.

- It acts as a shock absorber when we run or jump.

2. Name the structures that pass through the openings

pointed by red arrows.
- Spinal cord and meninges.
- Spinal nerve roots.
- Blood vessels supplying the spinal cord.
ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
6. Bones of the thoracic cage
a. Identify whole bone. Answer: Rib
Classify bone according to shape. Answer: Conical flat bones
Label the parts pointed by the arrow.

Articular facet of tubercle

Head

Neck

Costal groove

b. Identify whole bone below. Answer: Sternum

Classify according to shape. Answer: Flat Bone
Label the parts pointed by arrows.

A. Manubrium

B. Body

C. xiphoid process

1. Clavicular notch

2. First costal notch

3. Sternal angle/ 2ND costal notch

4. 3rd – 7th costal notch

c. State the significance/relevance of #3.

  - It marks the point at which the costal cartilages of the second rib
articulate with the sternum. This is particularly useful when counting ribs to
identify landmarks as rib one is often impalpable.
ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
SKELETAL SYSTEM Part 2 – Appendicular skeleton
I. Bones of upper extremities

1. Shoulder/pectoral girdle. Label the bones that make up the pectoral girdle.
Clavicle

Scapula

2. Classify this bone below according to developmental origin. Answer: Sternal End
Name the bone that articulates with part pointed by the arrow. Answer: Manubrium of
sternum
ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
3. Classify the bone below according to location. Answer:
Left or right? Answer: Right
Label the parts indicated by the letters.
a. Spine

b. Acromion

c. Glenoid cavity

d. Superior Angle

e. Inferior Angle
4. Classify the following bone according to developmental origin. Answer: Humerus
Label the parts pointed by the arrows.
Anatomical neck
Head
Lesser tubercle
Greater tubercle
Intertubercular sulcus
Surgical neck

Coronoid fossa

Olecranon fossa

Trochlea Capitulum
Medial epicondyle
Describe the anatomical and surgical neck of the humerus.
The anatomical neck of the humerus is the residual epiphyseal plate. An
intertubercular groove appears proximally, which demarcates the two tubercles
vertically. Following the tubercles is the surgical neck of the humerus, a site commonly
susceptible to fractures.

Describe the vertical depression between the greater and lesser tuberosities of the
humerus. Give the relevance.
The greater tuberosity is located lateral to the head. The lesser tuberosity is
located inferior to the head, on the anterior part of the humerus. The greater and
leasser tuberosity serve as attachment sites for the four rotator cuff muscles of the
glenohumeral joint.

What bone articulates with the capitulum? Head of Radius

ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
What bone articulates with trochlea? Trochlear notch of ulna

5. Radius and ulna. Label the parts pointed.

1. Ulnar notch

2. Styloid process of radius

3. Styloid process of ulna

4. Head of ulna

5. Neck of radius

6. Head of radius

7. Olecranon process

8. Coronoid process

9. Distal radioulnar joint

10. Radial Tuberosity

11. Trochlear notch

12. Radial notch

13. Proximal radioulnar joint

ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
6. Bones of the wrist, hands and digits

A. Identify the group of bones. Answer: A. Carpal Bones (8) per hand
Classify acc. to shape. Answer: Short Bones
Name the variety of synovial joint between them. Answer:
Saddle joint- between the trapezium carpal bones and 1st metacarpal bone.
Condyloid joint- between the radius and carpal bones of wrist.

Enumerate the bones grouped into proximal and distal row

from lateral to medial.
Proximal row:
1. Scaphoid
2. Lunate
3. Triquetrum
4. Pisiform

Distal row
1. Trapezium
2. Trapezoid
3. Capitate
4. Hamate

B. Identify the group of bones. Answer: Metacarpal Bones (5) per hand
Classify according to shape. Answer: Long Bones
Name the bones from lateral to medial.
1. I (Thumb)
2. II
3. III
4. IV
5. V (Pinky)

C. Identify the group of bones. Answer: Phalanges (14) per hand

1. Distal Phalanges
2. Middle Phalanges
3. Proximal Phalanges
Classify according to shape: Long Bones
ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
II. Bones of the lower Extremities
1. Label the bones of the lower extremities

Pelvic girdle/ Hip bone

Femur

Patella

Fibula

Tibia
Metatarsals
Tarsals
Phalanges

2. Label the parts of femur

1. Neck of femur

2. Pictineal line

3. Greater trochanter

4. Fovea capitis

5. Intertrochanteric crest

6. Lesser trochanter

7. Linea aspera

8. Medial Epicondyle
Anterior
view 9. Lateral Epicondyle
Posterior
view 10. Popliteal surface
ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
3. Label the parts of tibia and fibula.

1. Proximal tibiofibular joint

2. Tibial tuberosity

3. Shaft

What variety of synovial joint is #1? 4. Lateral condyle

- Plane Joint
5. Medial malleolus

6. Medial condyle
What variety of synovial joint is #9
- Tibiofibular Syndesmosis 7. Head of fibula

8. Soleal line

9. Distal tibiofibular joint

10. Lateral malleolus

ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
4. Identify the whole bone. Answer:
Identify the 3 fused bones. Label.

Ilium

Pubis
Ischium

Which among the 3 bones supports the body weight when sitting? Ischium

5. Label the group of bones of the foot and ankle.

Tarsals

Metacarpals

Phalanges
ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1
Enumerate the tarsal (ankle) bones.
1. Talus
2. Calcaneus
3. Cuboid
4. Navicular
5. Medial cuneiform
6. Intermediate cuneiform
7. Lateral cuneiform

Name the metatarsal bones from medial to lateral.

1. I
2. II
3. III
4. IV
5. V

III. Articular System

Define joint.
- Is a structure connecting two or more bones.

Classification o joints according to structure

Fibrous joints
Varieties examples
Suture: Coronal, Lamboid, squamous

Syndesmosis
ABRAZALDO, ROSELLE L.
DMED1A
ANATOMY
GROUP 1

Cartilaginous joints
Symphysis- fibrocartilaginous joints

Synchondrosis

Synovial joints

Examples: shoulder joint, ball and socket

Acromioclavicular joint, plane
Radio-humeral joint, pivot
Ankle joint, hinge/ginglymus

END