ĐẢO NGỮ CỦA CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN

Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 1 Should + S + Vo, S + Will +Vo
ex: If he has free time, he’ll play tennis. => Should he have free time, he’ll play tennis

Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 2: Were + S + to + Vo, S + Would + Vo

ex: If I learned Russian, I would read a Russian book. => Were I to learn Russian, I would read a Russian book

Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 3: Had + S + V3/Ved, S + Would have + V3/Ved
ex:if he had trained hard, he would have won the match =>  Had he trained hard, he would have won the match.

DẠNG PHÁT SINH CỦA CÂU ĐK LOẠI 1

As long as/so long as/provided that/providing that sb do, sb will/may/can/should do
Unless sb do, sb will do (unless ngược nghĩa với if)
– Ví dụ: Provided that you work hard, you may success in life
– If the weather is bad, we’ll stay at home = Unless the weather is good, we’ll stay at home .
DẠNG PHÁT SINH CỦA CÂU ĐK LOẠI 2
Supposed/supposing sb did, sb would/could/might do
EX: Supposed you were me, what would you do?
– Để nhấn mạnh danh từ còn có cấu trúc: If it weren’t for + noun, sb would/could/might do
EX: If it weren’t for oxygen, we would die.

DẠNG PHÁT SINH CỦA CÂU ĐK LOẠI 3

If it hadn’t been for/but for + noun, sb would/could/might/should have done
EX: But for the teacher’s encouragement, we would have given up our studying

Exercise: Using the given information, make conditional sentences with IF

1. She is living in China because she got married to a Chinese.
………………………………………………………………
2. I am tired now because I went home late yesterday.
………………………………………………………………
3. She did the homework last night so she gets a high score today.
………………………………………………………………
4. It rained yesterday so I don’t go to school today.
………………………………………………………………
5. I missed the end of the film so I don’t know who the murderer was.
………………………………………………………………
6. We reach Sally’s house now because we didn’t ask for direction earlier
………………………………………………………………
7. Since he is an only child, his parents have spoiled him
………………………………………………………………
8. Bob didn’t learn Chinese in high school, so he doesn’t have many job opportunities.
………………………………………………………………
9. I am not rich. I didn’t buy that house last month.
………………………………………………………………
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer
1. If she …………………….. the lottery last year, She……………………..rich now.
A. Have won/would be       B. had won/would be        C.won/would be        D. wins/will be
2. If I ……………..the homework last night, I……………..bonus today.
A. Had done/would get        B. had done/would have got        C. done/would get        D. does/will get
3. If we had played this game yesterday, we……………….a lot of money now.
A. Will have        B. may have        C. would have had        D. would have
4. If it ……………………………last night, it would be cold today.
A. Had rained        B. rained        C. have rained        D. was raining
5. If she……………….to me, she……………………..in trouble right now.
A. Had listened/would be    B. had listened/would have be    C. had listened/would not be        D. A & B
6. If it had rained one hour ago, the streets………… wet now.
A. Would have be        B. will be        C. be        D. would be
7. If I ……………….to the beach yesterday, I would be tired today.
A. Have gone        B. Goes        C. had gone        D. A & B
8. If they had gone to school yesterday, they...........to the museum now.
A. Would go        B. will go        C. could go        D. A&C
9. If he had done exercise last night, he………soccer right now.
A. Will play        B. can play        C. plays        D. could play.
10. If Nina had not gone out last week, she………………die now.
A. Will        B. would        C. could        D. B&C

Exercise 3: Using the given information, rewrite the conditional sentences

1. If the salary were high, the job would be worth doing.
Were ___________________________________________________________.
2. Would you visit me if I were sent to prison?
Were ___________________________________________________________.
3. I didn’t see the signal, so I didn’t stop.
Had___________________________________________________________.
4. If I were rich, I could afford to buy an expensive car.
Were ___________________________________________________________.
5. If I were you, I would tell him the truth
Were ___________________________________________________________.
6. If he weren’t busy right now, he could help them.
Were ___________________________________________________________.
7. If she had said sorry, he wouldn’t have been angry.
Had___________________________________________________________.
8. If the computer hadn’t broken down and I wouldn’t have had to stop my work.
Had___________________________________________________________.
9. If he hadn’t been angry, I would have said something.
Had___________________________________________________________.
10. If his friends hadn’t been late, they wouldn’t have missed the train.
Had___________________________________________________________.
Exercise 4
1. English is important in this job. If Isabel ………………………… (not speak) it, she…………………………
(not understand) most of our hotel guests.
2. Tony misread the map. That’s why he got lost. If he ………………………… (read) the map properly, he
………………………… (not get) lost.
3. If you’re not using your old digital camera, why ………………………… (you/not sell) it? If I
………………………… (be) you, I ……………………(advertise) it on the internet and sell it.
4. You had the car key with you all the time, didn’t you? Don’t be silly! If I …………………… (have) the car
key, I………………………… (not ask) you for it right now, would I?
5. If the weather ………………………… (not be) so miserable yesterday, we………………………… (go) out
fishing.