Leyte, Maria Allysa A.

Buhay at Mga Sinulat ni Rizal (GEED 10013)

BSBAHRM 2-2 Prof. Luis Chito Francisco

Unit 1: Lesson 1 - Assessment 1

1 Do you think that the passage of the Rizal bills into a law warranted the
objectives that the sponsors conceived in 1956? Explain your answer.
Yes. The objectives of the sponsors of the bill was justified as a result of the bill being passed by
President Ramon Magsaysay. The Rizal bill made a lot of statements that inspired a lot of
Filipino to love their country. Many may have opposed this law but because of its objectives to
make youth knowledgeable to the life and works of Rizal. And through the objective to give

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importance to nationalism and patriotism, it made its way to become a law that would make a

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difference to the perspective of the young Filipinos.

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It was justified because schools, universities and colleges whether public or private,

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catholic school or not, are teaching the writings of rizal. This became an asset to the country
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because this is molding the young Filipinos to be future leaders that will serve and fight for the
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country just like what Rizal did. It was also a way to teach young Filipinos to govern the
Philippines with self-reliance, self-respect and freedom. What the sponsors conceived in 1956
was justified because ever since 1956 the country made leaders to serve and govern the
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country up until today.

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As a result of the passing of the Rizal law opened the eyes of many Filipinos. It paid
tribute to our national hero for devoting his life and works in shaping the Filipino character. It is
only right that Filipinos, especially the youth, know about and learn to imbibe the great ideals for
which the hero died. So far, no student has yet officially applied for exemption from reading
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Rizal’s novels.
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2 Do you think that the objectives were attained thereafter and that their attainment
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resonated until the present? Expound your answer.

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For me it hasn't fully obtained its objectives. In terms of the curriculum in every
school, colleges and universities that teach the writings, work and the life of Rizal
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this objective was obtained obviously. But not a lot of youth really apply their
learnings. Some Filipinos today, choose to close their eyes and don't care what is
happening to the country.

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 In terms of being patriotic, some Filipino choose to not care. For me, some
Filipinos are studying not to serve the Philippines but other countries, they
choose to work abroad instead of working here in the country. That is why I think
that not all of the objectives of this law have fully obtained its goals especially in
the present. It may have opened the eyes of the Filipinos but not all.

As regards to the objective of paying tribute to our heroes, this we have obtained.
Every Filipino who graduated from High School or college knows the writings and
works and life of Rizal. And up until today, no student has yet officially applied for
exemption from reading Rizal’s novels.

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Unit 2: Lesson 2 – Assessment 2rs e
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1. Develop your own list of historical figures that you consider to be national heroes.
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Justify your chosen list and recommend which historical figures may or may not
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fall within the criteria set by the National Heroes Commission.

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1. Jose Rizal

Jose is a hero who thinks of the future, especially of future generations, and his
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concern for the future generations must be seen in his choices and ideals).
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2. Juan Luna
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Luna is a hero who defines and contributes to a system of life of freedom and
order for a nation (one who helps in the orderliness and betterment of the
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country). Luna was a painter, sculptor and a political activist of the Philippine
Revolution during the late 19th century. He is also considered a Philippine’s
master artist for paintings, often depicting his country sentiments. Tributes and
trivia: Luna’s most revered work of art; “The Spoliarium” is on display in the

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 National Museum. Of his most sought-after masterpieces, “¿A Do…Va la Nave?”
sold for P46.8 million at an auction in Makati. In the film, the brilliant Luna was
portrayed by Bryan Benedict in Ilustrado; and Allan Paule in Heneral Luna.

3. Apolinario Mabini y Maranan

Is a Filipino revolutionary leader, educator, lawyer, and statesman who served

first as a legal and constitutional adviser to the Revolutionary Government, and
then as the first Prime Minister of the Philippines upon the establishment of the
First Philippine Republic. He is regarded as the "utak ng himagsikan" or "brain of
the revolution" and is also to be considered to be as the National Hero in the

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Philippines, he was able to persuade other heroes including José Rizal, the

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national hero of the Philippines. Mabini's work and thoughts on the government

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shaped the Philippines' fight for independence over the next century.
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4. Benigno “Ninoy” Aquino Jr.
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According to the Ninoy and Cory Aquino Foundation, Ninoy Aquino was the
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"youngest mayor at 22, the country's youngest vice-governor at 27, then

governor of Tarlac 2 years later. He became the youngest senator in Philippine
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history at 34." During the Marcos dictatorship, a military tribunal found him guilty
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for subversion and illegal possession of firearms and sentenced to die by firing
squad. He was later allowed to leave for the US for a heart bypass.
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Before going down the China Airlines Flight 811 after it arrived at the Manila
International Airport on August 21, 1983, the day he was assassinated, Ninoy told
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journalists on the plane to "be ready with your camera because this action can
become very fast… in a matter of 3 or 4 minutes, it could be all over… and I may
not be able to talk to you again after this"

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 His assassination in 1983 eventually led to the 1986 revolution that toppled the
Marcos dictatorship and installed his wife Cory Aquino as president. He is a hero
that extends his sacrifices for the welfare of the country.

5. Manuel Quezon

Manuel L. Quezon was a provincial governor of Tayabas from 1906-1907. He

worked as an aide-de-camp of Emilio Aguinaldo. With his two terms, first as the
2nd president of the Philippines (from November 15, 1935-December 30, 1941),
and First President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, from (December 30,
1941-August 1, 1944), he would be the third-longest serving president with nearly

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9 years in office. (Marcos served for 21 years; Gloria Arroyo for 9-and-a-half

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years). He was born in Baler, Aurora on August 19, 1878 and died in New York

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on August 1, 1944. He placed 4th in the 1903 Bar exam. The choice of him
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involves not only the recounting of an episode or event in history, but of the entire
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process that has made this particular person a hero.
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Unit 3: Lesson 3 – Assessment 3

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Instruction: Write down the changes and developments felt in the Philippines in the
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nineteenth century.

Change and Development

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Filipinos were not allowed to govern the country when the country
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was under the spanish. The Spaniards established central

government and local government units. During the 19th century
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Political the Filipinos were under frailocracy which means that the Filipinos
were ruled by friars.

Spanish government implemented taxation. During the 19th

century the Philippines was open to world trade, having our

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 native products being exported to other countries

Economic
The 19th Century gave birth to the middle class, the lands
became the primary source of wealth because of the cash-
crops, and being able to afford constructions; it gave rise to
Socio-Cultural technological interconnections among the separated islands
of the Philippines. The Philippines’ regional diversity became
interconnected by railroads, steam ships, and advancements
in communication. Literacy was also considered a weapon by
the Filipinos – a weapon for decolonization.

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Unit 3: Lesson 3 – Assessment 4

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1. Who are the personages mentioned and what is their relationship with
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each other?
The Dominican Friar Orders formally known as the Order of
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Preachers, is a mendicant order of the Catholic Church founded in France

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by the Spanish priest Saint Dominic. The Spaniards entrusted them to

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care and to have power over the lands. Ownership of the Calamba
hacienda passed on to the Dominicans after the Jesuits –who originally
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owned it- were expelled in 1768. The Dominicans owned practically all the
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lands around Calamba.

Another personage that was mentioned is Rizal. Rizal’s hometown
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was in Calamba, laguna. The tenants of Calamba asked Rizal to conduct

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an investigation regarding the controversial fertile lands owned by the

Dominican friars. The Rizal family as well as the other Calamba tenants
wanted to tell the truth. The tenants asked Rizal to draft a report for the
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town council.
The tenants. The tenants suffered for many years due to the
unjustified taxes they had to pay. Even if there was an economic crisis or
the harvest was bad, the rent and taxes went up. The tenants suffered

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 under the friars. After thorough investigation, the following report was
drawn up and signed by more than fifty residents, among them tenants
and principales.

2. Why was this document written? Provide evidence from the document.
According to Rizal The people of Calamba and him wrote a petition
to the administrator of public islands of Laguna to stop the increase in the
rent of lands. The tenants suffered for many years due to the unjustified
taxes they had to pay. Even if there was an economic crisis or the harvest
was bad, the rent and taxes went up. The tenants suffered under the

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friars.

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Not only that but another reason why the document was written

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was because Rizal wanted to raise awareness. That despite the
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continuous labor, the goods for the tenants have decreased considerably.
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As shown by the vast number of ruined farmers, not only before, but also
over the last three years, Indebted and dispossessed of their possessions.
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This document was written to put an end to the corruption of the

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Dominican friars.
Estate officials proclaim that for having told the truth in this report,
the people would drag chains because the corporation is rich and
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proposes to spend ten thousand pesos to win the suit. In short, they have
shown a copy of a letter of the Treasury which threatened the tenants who
have testified according to facts and not according to the wish of the
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Estate. and because of this Rizal wanted to free his family and the tenants
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from this suffering.

3. What can you tell about life in the Hacienda de Calamba during the time
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the document was written?

Life that time must have been hard especially to the farmers who
were in a huge debt just to pay the Dominican friars. The tenants who
were involved with this must have fought hard despite the power and the

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 threats from the dominican friars. The discouragement of the farmers on
seeing that the lands they have so laboriously cultivated and cleared are
taken away arbitrarily for futile reasons or without reason.
But despite everything that was happening during that time, the
tenants were persistent to be heard.

4. What are the complaints of the tenants? Enumerate at least three.

It turns out from the declaration of the tenants interviewed that the
products of the Estate, if anything that the land generates is to be
understood by products, have substantially decreased for the tenants for
the Estate sand. Not only in previous years but also recently, in the last

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three, as the enclosed account indicates. The contract is arbitrarily altered

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by the Estate, the rent rises enormously, there being a case when 45

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pesos became 900 in a few years through an annual forces imposition.
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Some lands pay twice for two harvests of rice, where some bamboo
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groves are found. The farmer pays for the land and for each bamboo
grove besides, regardless of whether it is useless or it has been felled.
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5. What was the reaction to the complaint?

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6. What were the final demands of the petition?

Midterm Assessment
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1. Explain why Jose Rizal became the first apostle and prime mover of Philippine
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nationalism? What were his contributions that created indelible effects, arousing
the consciousness of his contemporaries?
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2. Choose one issue that you deem relevant that plagues our society today. Write a
petition to the president of the Philippines stating your cause and defending them
by citing your reasons and cases, if there are any.

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