The roof without shading load starts minimum in the morning but increases gradually

towards the day in Figure 5.1. The initial cooling load with PV shading is higher as the
incident solar radiation hit the surface at an angle at that period only so it has no major
impact. However as the day passes the panel become a barrier to sunlight and thus causes
the load to become constant throughout the day. The graphs indicate a saving of almost
45% load through roof [16]. Generating PV panel electric load is 70 KW as peak but on
an average 40% of energy can be produced with that PV area, inversely which is also
acting as another 40% savings energy. Since PV working as roof shading and also
generating electricity, which savings 50% energy in total cooling load.

In Figure 5.2 the heat transfer rate from all of the components to the inside of the building
for both the general and the modified/ treated construction is shown. Treatment of all of
the areas combinedly reduces the cooling load requirement from 230000 W to 170000
W or by 26%. The door area is neglected due to it being sufficiently small. Total energy
saving for the walls is more than 50%. An increase in the wall area will have a higher
impact on the total energy saving. The roof is built according to the general construction
principles (150mm RCC slab with 15mm of cement sand plaster on both sides). However,
the use of another layer of lime sand casting with the 150 mm RCC slab can reduce the
heat transfer rate through the roof by more than 10%. Ventilation load also has a major
impact on the total load. By using a heat recovery wheel another, the ventilation load can
be reduced by another 50%, resulting in a 10% reduction on the total heat load.

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Analysis by: Ershed Jaman – mrjaman@yahoo.com
 Figure 5.1 Roof Heat Load Reduced with PV Shading

Above all loads are comparing for 21st Aug in a year with latest temperature data. Round
the year this load profile can be achievable with default weather data in EnergyPlus
which is not updated but can be calculated overall load idea. From Figure 5.3 every 10 th
day General building load data shown for each hour from 9.00 to 18.00. Where monthly
average data shown to simplify the graph Figure 5.4.

Improved construction or treated building data shown in Figure 5.5 for every days round
the year. From graphs in Figure 5.6 to Figure 5.11 time wise load savings are measured.
Where lowest saving in 9.00 and increasing the savings but good savings are getting from
13.00. And major savings are achieving from April to October. However average saving
is projected in any month of the year.

All the simulation has same net area and volume. The wet, dry and space temperature is
constant for all condition and relative humidity is 50%. After tabulating from the
simulation, it can be seen that heat gains such as conduction heat gains from opaque
surfaces and fenestration, Solar radiation heat gain, internal heat gains, Ventilation and
infiltration heat gains were included in the sensible load calculation. All surfaces has
savings on sensible load. All the factors used for total cooling such as sensible heat
factor, latent heat factor, latent load, latent cooling factor and sensible cooling factor had
more or less similar values.

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Analysis by: Ershed Jaman – mrjaman@yahoo.com
 Figure 5.2 Heat Load Savings Histogram

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Analysis by: Ershed Jaman – mrjaman@yahoo.com
 Figure 5.3 Every 10th Days interval Load for General Construction
Building

Figure 5.4 Monthly Average Load for General Construction

Building

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Analysis by: Ershed Jaman – mrjaman@yahoo.com
 Figure 5.5 Every 10th Day Load for Improved Construction

Figure 5.6 Monthly Cooling Load Saving at 9.00 in a year

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Analysis by: Ershed Jaman – mrjaman@yahoo.com
 Figure 5.7 Monthly Cooling Load Saving at 11.00 in a year

Figure 5.8 Monthly Cooling Load Saving at 13.00 in a year

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Analysis by: Ershed Jaman – mrjaman@yahoo.com
 Figure 5.9 Monthly Cooling Load Saving at 15.00 in a year

Figure 5.10 Monthly Cooling Load Saving at 17.00 in a year

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Analysis by: Ershed Jaman – mrjaman@yahoo.com