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3 Nomenclature 2019
3 Nomenclature 2019
com
A. Determining the Priority of Functional D. Applying the Lowest Locator Rule F. Dealing With Branched Substituents
What's in a name? Groups. (the IUPAC Way)
Too big a subject to cover on one sheet! This Number the chain from one end so as to provide Treat each branched substituent as its own
paper will focus on alkanes. Determining the lowest locator possible for the first substituent. naming problem.
3-ethyl-5-(1-methylpropyl)-4,4-dimethylnonane suffix functional group priority will be the subject of
6 6 4 2 Carbon #1 of the branched substituent will be
a subsequent sheet. 2 4 5 1 where it meets the main chain.
1 3 5 7 7 3
propyl Errors/omissions/suggestions?
n-hexane n-pentane 4,4-dimethylheptane james@masterorganicchemistry.com
6 2
7 4 3 Extremely common
5 1 NOT 4-dimethylheptane
NOT 4,4-methylheptane mistakes!
Trivial names for substituents 4-propylheptane For more comoplete resources on nomenclature consult:
R R R R R 1) "Organic Chemistry Online" by William Reusch:
( )n ( )n ( )n ( )n ( )n http://www2.chemistry.msu.edu:80/faculty/reusch/VirtTxtJml/intro
*** IUPAC 61.2 says, "Choice between these methods [either choosing 1.htm
rings or chains as the root] is made according to the more appropriate of 2) IUPAC "Blue Book"
isopropyl sec-butyl the following principles: (a) the maximum number of substitutions into a http://www.acdlabs.com/iupac/nomenclature/
tert-butyl tert-pentyl
isobutyl single unit of structure; (b) treatment of a smaller of structure as a
substituent into a larger."