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• Chinese herbal pharmaceutical
product Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San is
made by various manufacturers, and
there are different amounts of
various raw herbal powders that are
added to the herbal pharmaceutical
product.
• To examine the quality of the various
brands of pharmaceutical products, these
products should be evaluated by
observation of outer appearance, particle
size, solubility, and the contents of crude
fiber by using the following methods:
• scanning electron microscope (SEM)
• light microscopy photographs of Congo
red stained
• solubility test
• crude fiber analysis sand crude fiber
(content were not consistent in the herbal
pharmaceutical products.)
A study develops several chemical and physical methods to evaluate the quality of a
traditional Chinese formulation, Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San.

• Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) coupled with

electrospray ionization was used to measure the herbal biomarkers of saikosaponin A,
saikosaponin D, ferulic acid, and paeoniflorin from this herbal formula.
• A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light microscopy photographs with Congo red
staining were used to identify the cellulose fibers if raw herbal powder had been added
to the herbal pharmaceutical product.
• water solubility and crude fiber content examination were used to inspect for potential
herbal additives to the herbal pharmaceutical products.

The results demonstrate that the contents of the herbal ingredients of saikosaponin A,
saikosaponin D, ferulic acid, and paeoniflorin were around 0.351 ± 0.017, 0.136 ± 0.010,
0.140 ± 0.005, and 2.281 ± 0.406 mg/g, respectively, for this herbal pharmaceutical product.
The physical examination data demonstrate that the raw herbal powder had rough,
irregular, lumpy, filamentous, and elongated shapes, as well as strong Congo red
staining.
1. Protocol and registration
• Registered on international
prospective register of systematic
review (PROSPERO). Registration
number : CRD 42019127326.
2. Ethic approval
• No clinical trials
• Research data is from published
papers.
• The result will be submitted to a peer-
reviewed journal.
3. Inclusion criteria for study selection
• Types of study
• Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
• Types of patients
• Clear diagnosis of insomnia.
• Age and gender of the patients are
not limited.
• Types of interventions
• Experimental group was treated
with Xiaoyao dan alone or combined
with Western medicine.
4. Data collection and management 5. Assessment of risk of bias in
• Randomized method included studies.
• Random concealment • Random sequence generatio
• Sample size • Random allocation concealment
• Number of cases in each group • Blind method implementation
• Age • Outcome assessor
• Gender • Result data integrity
• Condition • Selective outcome report
• Diagnostic criteria
• Blindless 6. Measures of treatment effect
• Blinded subjects • For dichotomous data, 95%
• Experimental group confidence intervals
• Control group interventions • For continuous data, 95%
• Follow up confidence intervals
• Outcomes
• Adverse events
7. Dealing with missing data
• If the literature data being searched is incomplete or ambiguous, the researcher
will contact the author via email or telephone to refine the literature data. If
necessary, the articles will be excluded.

8. Assessment of heterogeneity
• A random effect model was used when there was significant heterogeneity
between trials (defined as P<.1), whereas a fixed effect model was used, and
the I2 test would be used to assess the heterogeneity of the included studies.
• I2 > 50 would be considered high. Indicator of
• heterogeneity.
• When heterogeneity is observed, we will perform a subgroup analysis to
explore possible causes.
• A total of seven ingredients from XYS could act on these hub genes
and they were identified through ultra-high-performance liquid
chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
(UPLC-Q/TOF-MS), including paeoniflorin, quercetin, luteolin,
acacetin, aloe-emodin, Glyasperin C, kaempferol.

• Effects of paeoniflorin and its predicted target, the results suggest

that it can reverse the neurotoxicity produced by CORT and could be
a neuroprotective effect by promoting the phosphorylation of Akt

Akt = protein kinase B

CORT = corticosterone
 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2012/931636/#abstract

https://www.heathmontchinesemedicine.com.au/product/jia-wei-xiao-yao-san/

https://www.verywellhealth.com/xiao-yao-wan-88943

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31035044/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3159992/

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2013/952796/