Activity- Filters

Problem 1.
A gravity filtration system has 2 rapid homogeneous sand filters, each of them with 100 m 2
superficial area. The filtration rate is 120 m/day, for a filters length of 60 cm. The sand has
2,65 specific gravity, 40% porosity and 0,5 mm spherical particles. The water has 1,307x10 -
3
kg/m.s viscosity and 1000 kg/m 3 density. Calculate the total capacity of the filtration
system and the headloss for each filter.

Problem 2.
A high-rate sand filter (240 m/day) has a bed 65 cm deep, with sand porosity 43% and 0,4 mm
particle diameter (spherical particles). If you want to replace the filter material with anthracite (35%
porosity and 1,1 mm particle diameter), calculate the depth of the anthracite bed so that the
headloss remains the same as in the sand filter. Consider a water with dynamic viscosity 1.307x10 -3
kg/m.s and density 1000 kg/m3.

Problem 3.
A sand-anthracite filter with uniform bed is designed. The sand bed is 35 cm deep, with 38%
porosity, and 0,55 mm average diameter. The anthracite to be used has 31% porosity, and 1,1 mm
average diameter. Calculate the depth of the anthracite bed to operate with a 190 m 3/m2.day rate for
a water with kinematic viscosity 1,310x10-6 m2/s, if the maximum headloss required is 90 cm.

Problem 4.
A gravity filtration system has a heterogeneous fast filter whose particle size distribution is indicated
in the following table. The filtration rate is 240 m/day. The depth of the bed is 65 cm, and a medium
with 47% porosity used. Consider a water with dynamic viscosity of 1,307x10 -3 kg/m.s and density of
1000 kg/m3. Calculate the headloss in the filter.

di Pi(%)
1,410 1,05
0,840 6,65
0,710 15,70
0,590 18,84
0,500 18,98
0,420 17,72
0,297 14,25
0,250 5,15
0,210 1,66